I-Intake Manifold: Uma inyakaza, ibhuleki futhi iconsa...

Namuhla, ukuhlinzeka injini ngomoya sekuyisayensi yangempela. Lapho ipayipi lokungenisa elinesihlungi somoya lalike lanele, namuhla kusetshenziswa ukuhlanganiswa okuyinkimbinkimbi kwezingxenye eziningi. Esimeni sokuphindaphinda okungalungile kokudla, lokhu kungabonakala ngokuyinhloko ngokulahleka kokusebenza, ukungcola okukhulu, ukuvuza kukawoyela.

isizathu esiyinhloko i-complication enjalo uhlelo lwesimanje lokuphatha injini olunohlelo lokukhipha igesi emva kokwelashwa . Izinjini zesimanje zinikezwa umoya ngokusebenzisa izindlela eziningi zokuthatha ( elinye igama elithi "inlet chamber" ). Kodwa njengoba ubunkimbinkimbi bezobuchwepheshe bukhula, kanjalo nengozi yokukhubazeka iyanda.

thatha ukwakheka okuhlukahlukene

I-manifold yokuthatha iqukethe ucezu olulodwa lwe-tubular cast aluminiyamu noma insimbi empunga . Ngokuya ngenani lamasilinda, amapayipi amane noma ayisithupha ahlanganiswa abe yinqwaba yokungenisa. Zihlangana endaweni ephakathi nendawo lapho amanzi edonsa khona.

Kunezinye izingxenye ezengeziwe ekusetshenzisweni okuhlukahlukene:

- Isici sokushisa: sisetshenziselwa ukushisa kuqala umoya owuthathayo. - Ama-swirl dampers alawulwayo: futhi azungeza umoya. - Faka ama-gaskets amaningi - Isixhumi se-valve ye-EGR

Ukuhlehla: I-nitrogen oxides evela kumagesi aphumayo

Izinto ezingcolisayo zikhiqizwa lapho kushiswa izinto zokubasa ezifana nophethiloli, udizili noma igesi yemvelo. Kodwa akuyona i-carbon monoxide, i-carbon dioxide, noma izinhlayiya ze-soot ezibangela inkinga enkulu. . Icala eliyinhloko lidalwe ngengozi ngesikhathi somlilo enjinini: okuthiwa ama-nitrogen oxide abonakala njengembangela eyinhloko yokungcoliswa komoya ... kodwa i-nitrogen oxides kwakheka njalo lapho okuthile kushiswa umoya-mpilo emoyeni. Umoya ungu-20% kuphela we-oxygen . Iningi lomoya esiwuphefumulayo empeleni uyi-nitrogen. Amaphesenti angama-70 omoya ozungezile akhiwe nge-nitrogen.. Ngeshwa, le gesi, yona ngokwayo engasebenzi futhi engashi, ihlangana ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu emakamelweni avuthayo enjini ukuze yakhe ama-molecule ahlukahlukene: CHA, NO2, NO3, njll. - okuthiwa "i-nitrogen oxides" . ababuthana ukwakha iqembu NOx .Kodwa ngenxa yokuthi i-nitrogen ayisebenzi kakhulu, ilahlekelwa ngokushesha ama-athomu ayo omoya-mpilo anamathele. . Bese bebizwa ngokuthi " ama-radicals mahhala ukuthi i-oxidize yonke into abahlangana nayo. Uma ehogelwe, alimaza izicubu zamaphaphu, okuthi uma kubi kakhulu kuholele emdlavuzeni. Ukunciphisa ukugcwala kwe-nitrogen oxides ku-multifold intake, kusetshenziswa i-valve ye-EGR.

Inkinga nge-valve ye-EGR

I-valve ye-EGR isetshenziselwa ukubuyisela amagesi akhipha umoya avele ashile egumbini elivuthayo . Ukuze wenze lokhu, igesi yokukhipha igesi inikezwa ngokuningiliziwe. Injini imunca amagesi e-exhaust asevele eshile bese iwashisa futhi. Akuthinti ukusebenza kwenjini. . Nokho, le nqubo inciphisa izinga lokushisa lenqubo yokuvutha. Lapho izinga lokushisa liphansi ekamelweni elivuthayo, ama-nitrogen oxide amancane akhiwa.

Nokho, kukhona catch. Izinhlayiya ze-soot ezivela kumagesi e-exhaust azifakwa kuphela ku-valve ye-EGR. Aphinde avale kancane kancane yonke inhlobonhlobo yokudla. Lokhu kungaholela ekuvinjweni okuphelele komugqa. . Ngemva kwalokho, imoto empeleni iyeka ukuthola umoya futhi cishe ayisakwazi ukusebenza.

ukuthatha ukulungisa okuhlukahlukene

Ukungalungi ngokuphelele ngenxa yediphozithi ye-exhaust kuyimbangela evame kakhulu yokwehluleka kokuthatha okuningi. . Kuze kube muva nje, yonke ingxenye imane ishintshwe, kodwa njalo izindleko ezinkulu .

Okwamanje , nokho, baningi abahlinzeki besevisi abanikezayo ukuhlanza okuhlukahlukene .

Kunezindlela eziningana zalokhu: Abanye abahlinzeki besevisi bashisa i-manifold yokwamukela ngomoya ohlanzekile ohlanzekile noma umoya ocindezelwe. Abanye bathembela ezixazululweni zamakhemikhali lapho ikhabhoni eqinile incibilika khona kusuka kumle ku-asidi. Laba bahlinzeki besevisi bavamise ukuhlinzeka ngokushintsha "okudala kuya kokwenziwa kabusha" ngokushesha noma bakhe kabusha ukudla kwabo okuhlukahlukene. Ukuphindaphinda okusha kubiza noma yikuphi ukusuka ku-£150 kuya ngaphezu kuka-£1000. Ukulungisa kuvame kubiza ngaphansi kwe-1/4 yezindleko zokuthola okuningi.

Iqhinga, nokho, likumininingwane: ukususa ukuphindaphindeka kokuthatha kudinga ulwazi oluthile, ubuhlakani obufanele, namathuluzi alungile. Uma i-multifold intake ilimala ngesikhathi sokususwa, ingashintshwa kuphela ngengxenye entsha.

Ukuhlanza i-multifold intake kuhlanganisa nokugcinwa kwe-valve ye-EGR.

Inkinga ngama-swirl flaps

Izinhlobo eziningi zokungenisa zinama-swirl flaps ... it ama-flaps amancane enziwe ngepulasitiki ekwazi ukumelana nokushisa . Benza okungaphezu nje kokuvula nokuvala izimbobo zokungena ze-multifold intake. Banikeza i-swirl, okumele, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ithuthukise ukuvutha enjini. . Kodwa-ke, inkinga ngama-vortex dampers yilokho bajwayele ukuphuka bese bewela echwebeni lenjini .

Uma unenhlanhla , i-piston izochoboza i-damper yepulasitiki futhi iyihlanze ngamagesi aphumayo. Kodwa nakulokhu, izingxenye zayo zingena ku-catalytic converter yakamuva. Uma ungenayo inhlanhla, i-swirl damper ephukile izoholela ekulimaleni okukhulu kwenjini ngisho nangaphambili.

Ngakho iseluleko sethu sithi: Thola ukuthi ikhona yini ikhithi eyisipele yemoto yakho.

Ngokwesibonelo, ayatholakala kwabaningi Izinjini ze-BMW. Ku-kit, ama-sashes ahambayo athathelwa indawo izembozo ezinzima. Umphumela mubi kancane, kodwa uthola ukwethembeka okuphezulu kokusebenza. Amakhava awakwazi ukuphuma futhi awele endaweni yenjini. Ngakho-ke, uvikelekile ngokuthembekile ezintweni ezingalindelekile ezingajabulisi.