Isihlungi somoya esingamelani neqanda

Okokuqala, ngokwandisa inani lomoya ongena ekungeneni, ungakwazi ukwandisa ukukhishwa kweyunithi yamandla. Yingakho ukushuna kwenjini kusebenzisa izihlungi zomoya ezingamelani no-zero ukuze kwenyuse ivolumu yomoya ngaphandle kokulungiswa okukhulu. Phakathi kwabashayeli abajwayelekile, lesi sixazululo saziwa kangcono njengesihlungi - isihlungi se-zero, isihlungi somoya se-zero noma isihlungi se-zero nje.

Njengoba isihlungi esinjalo somoya kulula ukusihlanganisa, abanikazi bezimoto abaningi baqala ukufaka izihlungi ezimelana nezimoto ezimotweni ezivamile ezinezinjini ezifiselekayo ngokwemvelo nezine-turbocharged, bebala izinzuzo ezithile ngemva kokulungiswa okunjalo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, akubona bonke abanikazi bezimoto abazi ukuthi isinqumo sokufaka isihlungi se-zero esikhundleni sesihlungi somoya esijwayelekile sinezinzuzo kanye nokubi.

Ngamanye amazwi, udinga ukuqonda ngokucacile ukuthi yini i-zero enikezayo, ukuthi iyithinta kanjani injini, izinsiza, amandla kanye nokusebenza kahle kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi, futhi kungani lesi sici sokuhlunga sidingeka kwezinye izimo, kanti kwezinye kungcono ukungakwenzi. ayifake emotweni. Ake sikuthole.

Isihlungi sokumelana ne-Zero: okuhle nokubi

Ngakho-ke, ukufaka isihlungi sokumelana ne-zero kungase kubonakale kwabaningi kuyisixazululo esikhangayo nesingabizi sokwandisa amandla enjini. Ake sibheke izinzuzo ezaziwayo kuqala.

• Ukwandisa amandla ngaphandle kokunciphisa izinga lokuhlanzwa komoya;
• Ukumelana okuphansi, ukuhlunga okuphumelelayo;
• Ukushintshwa kwesihlungi njalo ngezinkulungwane eziyi-10-15 km akudingekile;
• Ukuhlanza kulula, isihlungi sibuyisela izakhiwo zaso zangempela;
• Umsindo wenjini yomlilo wangaphakathi uyashintsha ("nolaka" futhi "noble");
• Inyusa i-torque ngesivinini esimaphakathi nesiphansi.

Futhi qaphela kalula ukufakwa. Kwanele ukuhlakaza izindlu ezijwayelekile ngesihlungi somoya esivamile, emva kwalokho isihlungi se-conical sokumelana ne-zero, sobubanzi obufanele, kufanele sibekwe ku-mass air flow sensor (MAF) noma kumbhobho wegatsha. Konke kubonakala kulula futhi kucacile. Kodwa-ke, uma kuqhathaniswa nesici sokuhlunga esijwayelekile, isihlungi esinguziro sibuye sibe nokubi.

Okokuqala, umsebenzi oyinhloko wesihlungi somoya senjini ukuhlanza umoya ophuma ngaphandle. Ngempela, isisefo sivikela uthuli olungangena enjinini. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uthuli nezinhlayiya ezincane zingabangela ama-stretch marks, njll.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kanye nokuvikelwa, ukusebenza kahle kokungena komoya enjini kuyawohloka nakanjani, okuthinta amandla. Izihlungi ezijwayelekile empeleni ziyiphepha eliwugqinsi, okusho ukuthi nakanjani ukumelana nokugeleza komoya okuphezulu. Futhi, ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwemoto, uma isihlungi sivalekile, ukusebenza kwehla nakakhulu. Umphumela uba ukuncipha kwamandla enjini yomlilo yangaphakathi, njengoba injini ingawutholi umoya owanele.

• Ngokulandelayo, isihlungi sokumelana neziro sikuvumela ukuthi wehlise ukumelana nokokufaka ngaphandle kokunciphisa ikhono lokuhlunga. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ukhuphule amandla enjini. Lolu hlobo lwesihlungi luqukethe into ekhethekile, ukumelana komoya kuncane futhi umoya omningi unganikezwa enjinini. Njengoba kuvame ukukholelwa, i-nulevik inikeza ukwanda kwamandla kusuka ku-3 kuya ku-5%.

Futhi manje imibi. Empeleni, akwenzeki ukubona umehluko emandleni ngemva kokukhipha isihlungi esijwayelekile bese usibeka kuqanda, izici eziguqukayo nazo azishintshi kakhulu. Yiqiniso, ngezilinganiso ezinembile zekhompyutha, umehluko uzobonakala, kodwa ungabonakali ngokomzimba.

Futhi, ngisho noma usisusa ngokuphelele isihlungi somoya, ngeke ukwazi ukuzuza ukuthuthukiswa okubambekayo. Isizathu siwukuthi ukusebenza kwenjini ekuqaleni kwakuklanyelwe ukulahlekelwa ngesikhathi sokuhamba komoya ngesihlungi.

Lokhu kusho ukuthi injini kufanele okungenani ithuthukiswe, izinguquko kufanele zenziwe ku-software "hardwired" kukhompyutha, njll. Kulokhu kuphela lapho ukuthuthukiswa okuncane kuzovela ngendlela yokuphendula okungcono kwe-throttle kanye nokusabela ku-pedal yegesi, futhi noma kunjalo hhayi kuzo zonke izimo.

Sicela uqaphele ukuthi izihlungi zokumelana ne-zero zibiza kakhulu, kodwa futhi zidinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Njengoba lesi sihlungi singaphandle kwendlu, singcolile. Kusobala ukuthi izindleko ezinjalo nobunzima bungase buthethelelwe esimweni esisodwa futhi bungadingeki kwesinye. Konke kuzoncika ohlotsheni nenjongo yemoto.

Indlela yokuhlanza isihlungi esiyiziro: ukugcinwa kwesihlungi sokumelana neqanda

Ngamafuphi, isihlungi esingamelani ne-zero sidinga ukugezwa kaningi, futhi futhi siphathwe njalo nge-ejenti ekhethekile yokufaka. Phela, uma kukhona isihlungi se-zero, kufanele sigezwe njalo futhi sifakwe ngesisombululo esikhethekile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele icutshungulwe ngokuhambisana nazo zonke izincomo. Akunakwenzeka futhi ukweqa ukunakekelwa kwesihlungi, njengoba umoya ungangeni kahle nge-valve ye-zero evalekile, imoto ayidonsi, kukhona ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ngokweqile.

Ukuhlanza nokunakekela isihlungi se-zero, kufanele sikhishwe, bese izinhlayiya zokungcola ezimahhadla zikhishwa ngebhulashi elithambile. Khona-ke isihlungi kufanele sigezwe, gxuma emanzini. Okulandelayo, i-ejenti yokuhlanza ekhethekile isetshenziswa entweni yokuhlunga ezinhlangothini zombili, emva kwalokho isihlungi singafakwa.

Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuhlanza isihlungi njalo ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-5-6. Isihlungi ngokwaso senzelwe ukugeza okunjalo okungu-15-20, emva kwalokho uzodinga ukuthenga isihlungi esisha se-zero.

Setha noma ungasethi "ziro"

Uma ubheka ngaphansi kwe-hood yemoto eshuniwe, ungakwazi cishe njalo ukubona isihlungi sokumelana ne-zero. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi kubonakala kwabaningi ukuthi ngokufaka isihlungi esinjalo kunjini evamile yangaphakathi evuthayo enguqulweni "ejwayelekile", ungathola ukwanda kwamandla.

Eqinisweni, sesivele sicabangele ngenhla ukuthi kungenzeka ukukhuluma ngokunyuka okubonakalayo kuphela uma imoto ishintshiwe ngokukhethekile. Sikhuluma ngezimoto zokugijima, amaphrojekthi akhethekile, njll. Kulokhu, "i-nulevik" iyisixhumanisi esingasho lutho ochungechungeni lwezixazululo ezihloselwe ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezinjini zomlilo zangaphakathi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, insiza yenjini emishini enjalo ivame ukuhlehliswa ngemuva.

Lapho injini iguqulwa ngokuphelele, i-camshaft yezemidlalo ifakwe kuyo, ivolumu yokusebenza iyanda, isilinganiso sokucindezela siyanda, umthamo uyashintshwa ngokufana, umhlangano we-throttle oguquliwe ufakwa, izinguquko zenziwa ohlelweni lwamandla, i-ECU. liyakhanya, njll. Kulokhu, kunengqondo ukubeka isihlungi se-zero.

• Uma sicabangela izimoto ezilula zomphakathi, khona-ke lapho ushintshela ku-zero-resistance filters, akufanele ulindele ukwanda kwamandla, kodwa insiza yeyunithi iyancipha. Iqiniso liwukuthi injini evalwe uthuli izoba nempilo yesevisi emfushane kakhulu.

Sicela uqaphele ukuthi i-nulevik isazohlunga umoya omubi kunesihlungi esivamile. Ikakhulukazi uma umshini usetshenziswa ngezindlela ezijwayelekile, okungukuthi, sikhuluma ngokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke okusebenzayo.

Ngamafuphi, izinga lokuhlunga lizowohloka nakanjani, amandla ngeke akhuphuke ngokuphawulekayo, kodwa insiza yangaphakathi yenjini yomlilo izokwehla. Kuvela ukuthi ukubeka i-zero ku-motor ye-serial akuyona nje into engenakwenzeka, kodwa futhi kuyingozi.

Amathiphu awusizo

Uma sifingqa ulwazi olutholiwe, ngakho-ke ngaphambi kokuhlomisa imoto ngesihlungi se-auto-zero, okulandelayo kufanele kucatshangelwe:

• ukwanda kancane kwamandla ezimotweni zezemidlalo "ezilungiselelwe" futhi azibonakali ngokuphelele enjini ejwayelekile;
• ukwehla kwekhwalithi yokuhlunga kwandisa ingozi yothuli kanye nezinhlayiya ezincane ezingena enjini;
• isidingo sokugcinwa njalo nokubiza kakhulu kwesihlungi sokumelana ne-zero;

Siphinde sengeze ukuthi ngisho noma kunjalo kunqunywe ukufaka isihlungi se-zero, kubalulekile ukukhetha indawo efanele yokufakwa kwayo ngaphansi kwe-hood. Ngamanye amazwi, udinga ukwazi ukuthi ungabeka kuphi inani elingenalutho.

Kodwa-ke, isizathu esiyinhloko siwumoya oshisayo ngaphansi kwe-hood kanye nokwehla kwamandla. Kuvela ukuthi akwanele ukubeka isihlungi sokumelana ne-zero. Kubaluleke ngokufanayo ukucabangela ngokwehlukana ukuthi ungasibeka kuphi isihlungi esinguziro, ngoba ukusifaka endaweni evamile ngeke kunikeze imiphumela.

Siphinde siqaphele ukuthi kuyisiko ukususa i-nuleviki ebusika. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kufanele uhlale ulungele ukubuyela endaweni yomklamo ojwayelekile. Okokugcina, kubalulekile ukuthenga ikhwalithi enhle ye-Nulevik. Iqiniso liwukuthi kunezixazululo eziningi emakethe ezithengiswayo.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-original ephezulu ibiza kakhulu, kodwa ingakwazi ukuhlunga umoya kahle, okungukuthi, izingozi zokulimala kwenjini ziyancipha. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ungathenga i-nulevik engabizi kubakhiqizi abangaziwa, kodwa kulokhu izinga lokuhlunga liyangabazeka.

Uyini umugqa waphansi

Ngokunikezwa kolwazi olungenhla, kusobala ukuthi isihlungi esingamelani ne-zero singanyusa amandla kwezinye izimo. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezimoto eziningi ezijwayelekile "zesitoko", i-zero ayidingeki. Iqiniso liwukuthi ngaphandle kokulungiswa kwenjini okukhethekile, inzuzo yokufaka isihlungi se-zero izoba yincane, futhi noma kunjalo, inqobo nje uma ifakwe kahle.

Kufanele futhi ufake esikhundleni se-spark plugs, usebenzise uphethiloli wekhwalithi ephezulu, njll. Le ndlela izokuvumela njalo ukuthi uthole "ubukhulu" obuvela enjinini yangaphakathi evuthayo ngezindlela ezihlukene, futhi usebenzise imoto ngokunethezeka kukho konke ukuphila kwayo kwesevisi.