Ama-Virtual Signatories we-INF Treaty-2 Vol. eyodwa
I-serial Iranian Soumar eqondisa imicibisholo endaweni yokukhiqiza.
Kubonakala lingekho ithemba okwamanje lokuqalisa izingxoxo ngesivumelwano esisha esivimbela ukusetshenziswa kwemicibisholo ecitshwayo esekelwe emhlabeni enobubanzi obungu-500÷5500 km. Nokho, uma isivumelwano esinjalo singaphothulwa, amazwe amaningi kuyodingeka asisayine kunaleso esagunyazwa ngo-1988 “yiSivumelwano Sokuqedwa Ngokuphelele Kwamabutho Enuzi Aphakathi Nebanga Eliphakathi,” ngokuvamile esaziwa ngokuthi iSivumelwano Se-INF. Ngaleso sikhathi kwakuyi-United States neSoviet Union. Imicibisholo enjalo okwamanje iphethwe: i-People's Republic of China, iDemocratic People's Republic of Korea, iRiphabhulikhi yaseNdiya, i-Islamic Republic of Pakistan, i-Islamic Republic of Iran, i-Israel, iRiphabhulikhi yaseKorea, umbuso waseSaudi. I-Arabia… okungenzeka ukuthi ivinjwe yileso sivumelwano.
Inqubomgomo yokuthenga izikhali zamasosha ase-Irani ayijwayelekile. Leli zwe, elithumela kwamanye amazwe amanani amakhulu kawoyela ongahluziwe (ngo-2018, umkhiqizi walo wesikhombisa ngobukhulu emhlabeni), lingakwazi ukuthenga izikhali ezithuthuke kakhulu, njengamanye amazwe asePersian Gulf, futhi esikhathini esidlule, isibonelo, iLibya neVenezuela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Iran idinga amasosha aqinile ngoba sekuphele amashumi eminyaka iphikisana neSaudi Arabia, isebenzisa inkulumo enolaka kakhulu ngokumelene no-Israyeli, futhi yona ngokwayo iyithagethi yezitatimende ezinolaka ezilinganayo ezivela e-US.
Ngaleso sikhathi, i-Iran ithenga izikhali ezimbalwa uma kuqhathaniswa phesheya. Ngemva koku-oda inani elikhulu lezikhali ezilula kakhulu ezivela eRussia naseShayina ngasekuqaleni kwawo-90, ngokusobala ukuze kunxeshezelwe ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwemishini okwaba khona empini ne-Iraq, i-Islamic Republic yagcina ukuthenga kukuncane. Umjovo ongalindelekile wobuchwepheshe besimanje bezindiza kwaba ukundiza kwezindiza ezimbalwa zase-Iraqi ziya e-Iran ngesikhathi seDesert Storm ngo-1991. Esikhathini esizayo, imishini yayithengwa ikakhulukazi amayunithi okuvikela umoya. Lezi kwakuyizi: izinhlelo zeSoviet S-200VE, i-Russian Tori-M1 futhi, ekugcineni, i-S-300PMU-2 kanye neziteshi ze-radar eziningana. Kodwa-ke, zathengwa ngaphansi kwalokho okudingekayo, isibonelo, ukuvikela izikhungo zezimboni ezibaluleke kakhulu kanye nokufakwa kwezempi. Ukutshalwa kwezimali kwenziwe futhi emicibisholo yaseShayina elwa nomkhumbi kanye nezinhlobo ezimbalwa zezikebhe ezincane ezicitshwayo.
Esikhundleni sokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe, i-Iran yagxila ekuzimele, i.e. ekuthuthukisweni nasekukhiqizeni izikhali zabo. Izinyathelo zokuqala kule ndlela zathathwa ngama-70s ngu-Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, umbusi obona kude kakhulu we-Iran yanamuhla. Ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni zezwe, inqubekela phambili yezenhlalakahle kanye nezwe, nokho, akuzange kube nokusekelwa komphakathi, okwafakazelwa yiNguquko YamaSulumane yango-1979, okwathi ngemva kwalokho iningi lempumelelo ka-Shah yachithwa. Kuphinde kwenza kwaba nzima ukwakha imboni yempi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngenxa yenguquko, ngaphezu kwamabutho ahlomile, kwavela ikhomishana entsha yangaphakathi yomsebenzi onjalo - i-Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, ama-pasdarans. Lokhu kwakheka kwathuthukiswa njengohlobo lokuphikisa amabutho ahlomile angazinzile kwezombusazwe, kodwa ngokushesha yazinza futhi yakhula yafinyelela kubukhulu bamandla ahambisanayo nebutho lawo lomoya, ibutho lezempi lasolwandle kanye namabutho ezicitshwayo.
Ezweni elingenalo isiko emkhakheni wokuthuthukisa izikhali ezithuthukisiwe, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, isisekelo salo sesayensi nezimboni sibuthakathaka, ukukhetha okulungile kwezinto eziza kuqala kanye nokugxila kwamandla angcono kakhulu kubo kubaluleke kakhulu, i.e. abasebenzi abaqeqeshwe kangcono kanye nezinsiza ngendlela yelabhorethri kanye nesisekelo sokukhiqiza.
Ekwakheni nasekukhiqizeni imicibisholo ye-cruise (eyaziwa nangokuthi imicibisholo ye-cruise), izindawo ezimbili zibalulekile - amasistimu okushayela kanye nezinsimbi zokuqondisa. I-glider ingasuselwa kuzixazululo zakudala zezindiza, futhi isihloko sempi singaba igobolondo lezikhali ezinkulu noma ibhomu lomoya. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukungabikho kwenjini yesimanje kubangela ububanzi obufushane nokuthembeka okuphansi komcibisholo, futhi ukungafinyeleleki kwemishini yokuqondisa eqondile kubangela ukunemba okuphansi kakhulu kanye nokungakwazi ukusebenzisa indlela yendiza eyinkimbinkimbi, okwenza kube nzima ukuyibona futhi vimba umcibisholo.
Ngokuqondene nemishini yokuqondisa, esimweni semicibisholo ye-cruise, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa izixazululo ezivela kwezinye izinto zokusebenza. I-Iran yagxila ezimotweni zasemoyeni ezinganamuntu eminyakeni eminingi edlule, kusukela ezimotweni ezincane ezinamasu ukuya ezimotweni zebanga elide ezingenamuntu. Ekuqaleni, lezi kwakuyizakhiwo zakudala, kodwa kancane kancane futhi ngesineke zazithuthukisa. Kulokhu, izixazululo ezikopishwe emshinini ofanayo wangaphandle zasetshenziswa. "Abathengisi" base-Iranian bathenga ama-drones angahlali noma kuphi lapho babekwazi khona, kuhlanganise nakwa-Israyeli. Ukuzingela kwangempela kwabuye kwayala ukuchithwa kwalolu hlobo lwemishini etholakala endaweni elawulwa yi-pro-Iranian formations eSyria, Lebanon, Iraq, Yemen ... Ezinye zezimoto zaqonda ngqo e-Iran, ngoba. ikakhulukazi i-United States, kodwa mhlawumbe futhi i-Israel, yathumela ama-drones okuhlola kaningi futhi ejulile endaweni ye-Islamic Republic. Abanye baphahlazeka, abanye badutshulwa yizinhlelo zokuvikela umoya. Enye "yeconsi" emangalisa kakhulu kwakuyi-American Lockheed Martin RQ-170 Sentinel eyimfihlo, ecishe yawela ezandleni zamaPasdarites ngoDisemba 2011. Ngaphezu kokukopisha ngokuphelele izimoto zasemoyeni ezingenamuntu nokusebenzisa izixazululo ezikopishiwe ekuthuthukisweni kwazo, ama-Irani ngokuqinisekile angasebenzisa inani lezingxenye zawo ekwakhiweni kwemicibisholo ye-cruise. Mhlawumbe okwakubaluleke kakhulu kwakuyimishini yokuqondisa. Kube nokwenzeka kokubili isilawuli kude kanye nezisetshenziswa zokuqondisa ezingasebenzi kusetshenziswa amasiginali asuka kubamukeli bokuzulazula kwesathelayithi. Izinhlelo zokuzinzisa i-Gyroscopic, okokusebenza kokuzihambela, njll. nakho kwakubalulekile.
Amagobolondo "Nase" (esifihlekile) kanye nezinhloso "Nasser".
Emkhakheni wezinjini ze-cruise missile, isimo sinzima kakhulu. Nakuba amarokhethi alula angasebenzisa amasistimu okukhiqiza ezentengiselwano, ngisho nezinjini zepiston, amarokhethi esimanje adinga imiklamo ethile yenjini. Isipiliyoni sokuklama izinjini zamarokhethi, ngokuvamile ezinikeza ukusunduza okuphezulu kodwa eziphila isikhathi esifushane futhi ezihamba phambili ekuqondiseni irokhethi endaweni evamile ekhiqiza isivuno esiphansi se-ballistic trajectory, akusizi kangako. I-cruise missile, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ifana nendiza - ihamba endaweni eyisicaba isebenzisa ukuphakama kwephiko, futhi ijubane layo kufanele ligcinwe ukusebenza okuqhubekayo kwenjini. Injini enjalo kufanele ibe yincane, ilula futhi iyonga. Ama-Turbojets alungele imicibisholo yebanga elide, kanti izinjini ze-turbojet zifaneleka kangcono imicibisholo ejikijelwa ngesivinini esikhulu, yebanga elifushane. Abasiki bengqephu base-Iran bebengenayo isipiliyoni kule ndawo, okusho ukuthi bekumele bayofuna usizo phesheya.
Kungaba usizo kakhulu ohlelweni lwe-Iranian cruise missile ukuthola ukufinyelela ezakhiweni zangaphandle ngenjongo eyodwa noma enye. Ubuhlakani base-Iran baziwa ngokuthi bebesebenza kakhulu e-Iraq kusukela ekupheleni kweDesert Storm futhi cishe bathumba izinsalela zemicibisholo ye-Tomahawk eyehlisiwe. Ngokusobala, eminingana yale micibisholo "yalahleka" ngesikhathi sokuhlasela kokuqala futhi yaphahlazeka endaweni yase-Iranian. Ingxenye yesine yekhulu leminyaka kamuva, okungenani imicibisholo eyodwa ye-Caliber-NK eyadutshulwa emikhunjini yaseRussia oLwandle lweCaspian ngo-Okthoba 7, 2015 ngokumelene nezinhloso eSyria yaphahlazeka futhi yawela endaweni yase-Iranian.
