Unyaka wokuthuthuka wohlelo lwe-Wisła

Ngaphezu kokuhlinzekwa kwamaloli kanye nokukhiqizwa okuhlangene kweziqalisi, ukubamba iqhaza okumenyezelwe kwemboni yasePoland ohlelweni lwe-Vistula kudlulela nasekuhlinzekweni kwe

ezokuthutha kanye nokulayisha.

Ngonyaka odlule, isenzakalo esibaluleke kakhulu senzeka mayelana nokuqaliswa kokuqaliswa kohlelo lwe-Wisla air-range medium and missile defense. Umnyango Wezokuvikela Kazwelonke usayine inkontileka yokuthengwa kwesistimu ye-Patriot ekucushweni okukhethwe uhulumeni wasePoland esigabeni sokuqala sohlelo lwe-Wisła. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uMnyango Wezokuvikela Kazwelonke waqala izingxoxo

isigaba sesibili. Okuningi ngokwenani lemishini e-odiwe futhi okubaluleke kakhulu mayelana nokudluliswa kobuchwepheshe.

Isikhathi esibalulekile kwaba ukusayinwa ngoMashi 28, 2018 kwenkontileka yokuthengwa kwesistimu ye-Patriot, kodwa ake sikhumbule izenzakalo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile zangaphambili.

Ngo-September 6, 2016, i-Armaments Inspectorate yoMnyango Wezokuvikela Kazwelonke yathumela isicelo kuziphathimandla zase-US, i.e. I-LoR (incwadi yesicelo). Lo mbhalo wawuthinta amabhethri e-Patriot ayisishiyagalombili ahlanganiswe nohlelo olusha lokulawula lwe-IBCS. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu hlelo lwaluzohlonyiswa nge-radar entsha yokulawula umlilo wesifundazwe (yohlobo olungakaziwa okwamanje) eneskena esiyindilinga kanye ne-antenna ye-electronic scanning esebenzayo, eyenziwe kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-gallium nitride. Ngomhla zingama-31 kuNdasa, 2017, uMnyango Wezokuvikela Kazwelonke wathumela inguqulo echitshiyelwe ye-LoR, into entsha kwakuwukuzimisela ukuthenga imicibisholo ye-SkyCeptor, kanye nophahla lwezezimali lwesivumelwano esibekwe uhlangothi lwasePoland ngenani le-PLN 30 billion. . Isinyathelo esilandelayo kwaba idokhumenti ebizwa ngokuthi I-Memorandum of Intent, okwakuyisimemezelo sohlangothi lwasePoland mayelana nokuthengwa kohlelo lwe-Patriot.

Esigabeni sesibili se-Vistula, uMnyango Wezokuvikela Kazwelonke ufuna ukuthenga i-radar ezokhethwa yi-US Army ohlelweni lwe-LTAMDS, lapho u-Lockheed Martin no-Raytheon beqhudelana khona. NgoFebhuwari, umemezele ukuthi usezofaka isiteshi esisha ngokuphelele kulo mqhudelwano, esikhundleni salesi esake sakhushulelwa phambilini.

Ulwazi olubaluleke kakhulu olwavezwa ngaleso sikhathi kwakuwukuhlukaniswa kohlelo lwe-Vistula lube izigaba ezimbili. Kowokuqala, iPoland yamemezela ukuthengwa kwamabhethri amabili ohlelo lwe-Patriot enguqulweni yakamuva etholakalayo, okungukuthi ekucushweni kwe-3+, nge-software yokulawula ye-PDB-8. Zonke izixazululo zobuchwepheshe zesikhathi esizayo, i.e. isiteshi se-radar esine-antenna ye-electronic scanning esebenzayo, i-SkyCeptor missile, uhlelo oluphelele lokulawula lwe-IBCS lwadluliselwa esigabeni sesibili, kuhlanganise nokuthengwa kwamabhethri ayisithupha. Ngokusho koMnyango Wezokuvikela, isigaba sokugcina sezingxoxo saqala ngoSepthemba, futhi kusukela ngo-Okthoba bathinta i-offset.

Iculo lokugcina lika-2017, elinomsindo ngokwedlulele kwabezindaba, kwaba ukushicilelwa kwe-Defence and Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA), isikhungo sikahulumeni waseMelika, kombhalo othunyelwe kuKhongolose wase-US onohlu lwemishini iPoland efuna ukuyithenga. Ibhidi ihlanganisa inketho ephezulu kanye nenani layo elilinganiselwe elilinganiselwe lama-US$10,5 webhiliyoni.

Kwaba sobala ukuthi inani lenkontileka yangempela lizoba ngaphansi kunezilinganiso ze-DSCA ezivame ukukhuphuka. Kodwa-ke, abagxeki bakahulumeni basebenzise lokhu njengengxabano yethenda engasetshenziswanga kahle. Futhi uMnyango Wezokuvikela wathola ithuluzi eliwusizo lokwakha indaba ende mayelana nezingxoxo ezinzima lapho uMnyango Wezokuvikela wehlisa intengo yokuqala.

Isiphetho se-DSCA naso sasithakazelisa ngesinye isizathu - sabonisa ngokucacile ukuthi yiluphi uhlelo iPoland eyayiluthenga, i.e. "I-Integrated Air and Missile Defense System (IBCS) Combat Control System (IBCS) - I-Patriot-3+ Inikwe amandla Ukucushwa Ngezinzwa Ezithuthukisiwe Nezingxenye" ​​3+ iguqulelwe kuhlelo lomyalo we-IAMD IBCS, ngamathuluzi okuthola athuthukisiwe kanye nezingxenye).

Isigaba sokuqala se-Vistula siba yiqiniso

Maphakathi noJanuwari 2018, ithimba elivela eMnyangweni Wezokuvikela Kazwelonke eliholwa uNgqongqoshe uMariusz Blaszczak landizela e-United States. Ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kongqongqoshe okusebenzayo, kwaxoxwa ngesihloko sokuthengwa kwezikhali zaseMelika iPoland. Ukuphumelela ohlelweni lwe-Vistula kwenzeka ngoMashi. Okokuqala, ngoMashi 23, owayenguNobhala Wezwe ngaleso sikhathi woMnyango Wezokuvikela Kazwelonke, u-Sebastian Chwalek, wasayina izivumelwano ze-offset zesigaba sokuqala sohlelo (olubizwa ngokuthi "i-Vistula Phase I" eMnyangweni Wezokuvikela Kazwelonke). Ngasohlangothini lwemboni yase-US, izinkontileka zasayinwa uMongameli weRaytheon International uBruce Skilling kanye nePhini likaMongameli we-PAC-3 we-Lockheed Martin Missiles kanye neFire Control u-Jay B. Pitman (omele u-Lockheed Martin Global, Inc.). Isivumelwano noRaytheon sizosebenza iminyaka eyi-10, inani laso lingu-PLN 224 futhi lihlanganisa izibopho zesinxephezelo ezingu-121.

Uhlu lwabo oluningiliziwe aludalulwanga, kodwa ngenxa yabo, iPoland kufanele ithole amakhono athile emkhakheni: wokulawula ukulwa okusekelwe ekusebenzeni kwe-IBCS (uRaytheon umelela inhlangano yaseNorthrop Grumman kulokhu); ukukhiqizwa nokunakekelwa kweziqalisi kanye nezimoto ezilayisha izinto zokuhamba (zokuthutha iziqukathi eziyisipele zokwethulwa kwemicibisholo); ukwakhiwa kweSikhungo Esiqinisekisiwe Sokuphatha Nokukhiqiza, okuhlanganisa ukujwayela, ukugcinwa nokulungiswa kohlelo lwe-Vistula nezinye izinhlelo zokuvikela umoya; ekugcineni, ukukhiqizwa nokugcinwa kokugcinwa kwezibhamu zeMk 30 Bushmaster II 44 mm (lapha uRaytheon umele umkhiqizi wezibhamu, okwamanje iNorthrop Grumman Innovation Systems).

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inkontileka ne-Lockheed Martin Global, Inc. enanini le-PLN 724, futhi isikhathi seminyaka eyi-764, ihlanganisa izibopho zesinxephezelo eziyi-000 eziphathelene, ikakhulukazi: ukuthola izindawo zokukhiqiza zokukhiqiza izingxenye zemicibisholo ye-PAC-10 MSE; izinto zokunakekela zesiqalisi serokhethi ye-PAC-15 MSE; ukwakhiwa kwelabhorethri yokuthuthukisa amarokhethi; ukusekela ukusebenza kwe-F-3 Jastrząb fighter.

Ngezinqumo zayo, uMnyango Wezokuvikela Kazwelonke wenza ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo lweNarev kuncike ekusebenzeni kwe-IBCS ekuxhumaniseni izingxenye ezintsha. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, umncintiswano ukhuthaza izixazululo ezifanayo ezifana ne-Falcon, ukusebenzisana phakathi kwe-Lockheed Martin (isistimu yokulawula inethiwekhi ye-SkyKeeper), i-Diehl Defense (imicibisholo ye-IRIS-T SL) kanye ne-Saab (i-radar ye-Giraffe 4A ene-antenna ye-AESA). I-Falcon ifana kakhulu ekulawuleni nasekubandakanyeni isiphakamiso esihlanganyelwe phakathi kuka-Lockheed Martin no-Diehl e-Narew.

Njengamazwana, sengeza ukuthi umehluko ezindlekweni zezivumelwano ezimbili ze-offset zibonisa ukuthi imicibisholo ye-PAC-3 MSE ibiza kangakanani kuSigaba I. Akucaci kahle ukuthi isiqalisi sisho ukuthini - cishe i-semi-trailer ( noma isiteji) edonswa ngemuva noma egitsheliswa elolini, nanoma yimaphi ojeke, izisekelo, njll. Cishe ngokuqinisekile akubandakanyi ukulawulwa kogesi okukhona kusiqalisi, noma iziqukathi ezicitshwayo ze-ITU (izitsha ziyalahlwa, zivaliwe, i-ITU ifakwa kuzo. imboni ekhiqiza i-ITU).

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwakhiwa ePoland kwelabhorethri yokuthuthukisa amarokhethi (vol. 3.