Izinhlobo, idivaysi kanye nenqubo yokusebenza kokulawulwa kobubanzi be-headlight

Izibani zasemotweni ezifakiwe zinomugqa osikiwe osinqunyiwe, isikhundla sawo esilawulwa yimithetho namazinga omhlaba. Lokhu kungumugqa onemibandela wokushintshwa kokukhanya kube ngumthunzi, okufanele kukhethwe ngendlela yokuthi kungaboni abanye ababambe iqhaza ekuhambeni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufanele inikeze izinga elamukelekayo lokukhanyisa komgwaqo. Uma isikhundla somzimba wemoto sishintsha ngasizathu simbe, nendawo yomugqa osikiwe iyashintsha. Ukuze umshayeli akwazi ukulungisa ukuqondiswa kwesigxobo esigxishiwe, isb. ulayini wokusika nokulawulwa kobubanzi be-headlight kuyasetshenziswa.

Inhloso yokulawulwa kobubanzi be-headlight

Amalambu angaphambili afanele asethwe emotweni engalayishiwe ene-eksisi longitudinal endaweni evundlile. Uma ngaphambili noma ngemuva kulayishiwe (isibonelo, abagibeli noma impahla), isikhundla somzimba siyashintsha. Umsizi esimweni esinjalo ukulawulwa kobubanzi be-headlight. EYurophu, zonke izimoto ezisuka ku-1999 kuye phambili kumele zifakwe uhlelo olufanayo.

Izinhlobo zamalungisa ekhanyisa

Abalungisi be-headlight bahlukaniswe ngokomthetho wokusebenza babe izinhlobo ezimbili:

• ukuphoqelelwa (okwenziwa ngezandla);
• okuzenzakalelayo.

Ukulungiswa kokukhanya okwenziwe ngesandla kwenziwa ngumshayeli uqobo egumbini lomgibeli esebenzisa amashayela ahlukahlukene. Ngohlobo lwesenzo, abaqhubi bahlukaniswe baba:

• i-mechanical;
• womoya;
• umfutholuketshezi;
• electromechanical.

Imishini

Ukulungiswa kwemishini yesigxobo sokukhanya akwenziwa egumbini lomgibeli, kepha kwenziwa ngqo kukhanya. Le yindlela yakudala esuselwa esikulilini sokulungisa. Imvamisa isetshenziswa kumamodeli ezindala ezimoto. Izinga lesigxobo sokukhanya lilungiswa ngokuguqula isikulufu kolunye uhlangothi noma kolunye.

Womoya

Ukulungiswa kwe-pneumatic akusetshenziswanga kabanzi ngenxa yenkimbinkimbi yomshini. Ingalungiswa ngokuzenzakalela noma ngesandla. Endabeni yokulungiswa kwe-pneumatic manual, umshayeli kufanele asethe inkinobho n-position kuphaneli. Lolu hlobo lusetshenziswa ngokuhlangana nokukhanyisa kwe-halogen.

Kwimodi ezenzakalelayo, kusetshenziswa izinzwa zokuma komzimba, izindlela kanye neyunithi yokulawula uhlelo. Isibonisi silawula ingcindezi yomoya emigqeni exhunywe ohlelweni lokukhanyisa.

IHydraulic

Umgomo wokusebenza uyefana nowomshini, kuphela kulokhu isimo silungiswa kusetshenziswa uketshezi olukhethekile emigqeni evaliwe. Umshayeli ulungisa indawo yokukhanyisa ngokuvula ukudayela egumbini lomgibeli. Kulokhu, kwenziwa umsebenzi wokukhanda. Uhlelo luxhunywe kusilinda wokubacindezela oyinhloko. Ukuvula isondo kwandisa ingcindezi. Amasilinda ayahamba, futhi umshini uphendula isiqu nezinkomba kumalambu angaphambili. Ukuqina kohlelo kukuvumela ukuthi ulungise ukuma kokukhanya kuzo zombili izinkomba.

Uhlelo luthathwa njengolungenakwethenjelwa kakhulu, ngoba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuqina kuyalahleka lapho kuhlangana khona izihlakala namashubhu. Kuphuma uketshezi, luvumela umoya ukuthi ungene ohlelweni.

I-Electromechanical

I-Electromechanical drive iyindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu futhi ethandwayo yokulungisa ugongolo ezimotweni eziningi. Ilungiswa ngokushintshaniswa kwesondo nomshayeli ohlukaniswe egumbini lomgibeli kudeshibhodi. Ngokuvamile kunezikhundla ezi-4.

I-actuator iyimoto elungiselelwe. Siqukethe motor kagesi, ibhodi electronic kanye igiya worm. Ibhodi le-elekthronikhi licubungula umyalo, futhi imoto kagesi ijikeleza ishafula nesiqu. Isiqu siguqula isikhundla se-reflector.

Ukulungiswa kwe-headlight okuzenzakalelayo

Uma imoto ine-othomathikhi uhlelo lokulungiswa kwemishayo ephansi, umshayeli akadingi ukulungisa noma ukuguqula noma yini ngokwakhe. I-Automation inesibopho salokhu. Uhlelo luvame ukufaka:

• Ibhlokhi yokulawula;
• izinzwa zokuma komzimba;
• izindlela zokuphatha.

Izinzwa zihlaziya imvume yemoto phansi. Uma kunezinguquko, khona-ke isignali ithunyelwa kuphiko lokulawula futhi ama-actuator alungisa indawo yamalambu angaphambili. Imvamisa lolu hlelo luhlanganiswa nezinye izinhlelo zokubeka umzimba.

Futhi, uhlelo oluzenzakalelayo lusebenza ngemodi enamandla. Ukukhanyisa, ikakhulukazi ukukhanyisa kwe-xenon, kungamphuphuthekisa umshayeli khona manjalo. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenguquko ebukhali ekuvunyweni komhlaba emgwaqeni, lapho kubhulekelwa amabhuleki nokuhamba phambili okubukhali. Isilungisi esinamandla silungisa ngokushesha ukukhanya okukhiphayo, sivimbele ukukhanya okuvela kubashayeli abakhazimulayo.

Ngokuya ngezidingo zokulawula, izimoto ezinamalambu e-xenon kumele zibe ne-auto-corrector yebhalamu eliphansi.

Ukufakwa komqondisi

Uma imoto ingenalo uhlelo olunjalo, ungazifaka ngokwakho. Kunamakhithi ahlukahlukene emakethe (kusuka ku-electromechanical kuya kokuzenzakalelayo) ngamanani ahlukahlukene. Into esemqoka ukuthi idivayisi ifana nesistimu yokukhanyisa yemoto yakho. Uma unamakhono namathuluzi akhethekile, ungazifaka ngokwakho kuhlelo.

Ngemuva kokufakwa, udinga ukulungisa nokulungisa ukuphuma okukhanyayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukudweba umdwebo okhethekile odongeni noma isihlangu, lapho kukhonjiswa khona amaphuzu okususa ugongolo. Ukukhanya ngakunye kulungiswa ngakunye.

Ungahlola kanjani ukuthi kuyasebenza yini

Izinzwa zesikhundla somzimba zingahluka. Isibonelo, impilo yezinzwa ze-potentiometric yiminyaka eyi-10-15. Idrayivu ye-electromechanical nayo ingahluleka. Ngokulungiswa okuzenzakalelayo, ungezwa i-hum yesici yedrayivu yokulungisa lapho kuvulwa ukuthungela nogongolo olucwilisiwe. Uma ungawuzwa, khona-ke lokhu kuyisignali yokungasebenzi kahle.

Futhi, ukusebenza kwesistimu kungabhekwa ngokushintsha ngomshini isikhundla somzimba wemoto. Uma ukukhanya okukhanyayo kuguquka, khona-ke uhlelo luyasebenza. Imbangela yokonakala kungaba wiring kagesi. Kulokhu, ukuxilongwa kwensizakalo kuyadingeka.

Ukulawulwa kobubanzi be-headlight kuyisici esibalulekile sokuphepha. Abashayeli abaningi abakuboni kubaluleke kakhulu lokhu. Kepha udinga ukuqonda ukuthi ukukhanya okungalungile noma okungaboni kungadala imiphumela emibi. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezimotweni ezinamalambu e-xenon. Ungafaki abanye engozini.