Izinhlobo kanye nenqubo yokusebenza kwezingqimba zemoto

Esinye sezibambiso zokuqala zekhanda lemoto sethulwa ngabakwaMercedes-Benz ngo-1960. Ekuqaleni, afakwa ngesicelo somthengi. Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-60, zonke izimoto zakwaMercedes zakhiqizwa ngamakhanda. Ngo-1969, inhlangano yezokuphepha i-NHTSA yaqinisekisa ukubaluleka kwesesekeli esisha futhi yancoma ukufakwa kwayo kubo bonke abenzi bezimoto.

Yimiphi imisebenzi eyenziwa yi-headrest?

Lokhu okungeziwe esihlalweni semoto kuyisici sokuphepha, hhayi nje into elula. Konke kumayelana nokuziphatha komzimba wethu esihlalweni semoto ngesikhathi somthelela ongemuva. Umzimba uyashesha ukubuyela emuva, futhi ikhanda lincike emuva ngamandla amakhulu futhi lisheshe ngejubane. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "umphumela wesiswebhu". I-headrest imisa ukuhamba kwekhanda ngesikhathi somthelela, ukuvimbela ukuphuka kwentamo nokulimala kwekhanda.

Noma ungashayi ngamandla, kepha ngokungalindelekile, ungathola ukususwa okukhulu noma ukuphuka kwamathambo omlomo wesibeletho. Iminyaka yokubukwa ikhombisile ukuthi lo mklamo olula usindise izimpilo kaninginingi futhi wavikela ekulimaleni okuphawuleka kakhulu.

Lolu hlobo lokulimala lubizwa nge- "whiplash".

Izinhlobo ze-headrests

Emhlabeni jikelele, kungahlukaniswa amaqembu amabili okuvimbela ikhanda:

1. Ukwenziwa.
2. Kuyasebenza.

Izihlalo zangemuva zemoto ezingenzi lutho zimile. Zisebenza njengesithiyo sokunyakaza okubukhali okubuyela emuva kwekhanda. Kunezixazululo ezahlukahlukene zokwakhiwa. Ungathola imingcele ekhanda eyisihlalo sesihlalo. Kodwa kaningi zinamathele ngokwehlukana ngesimo somcamelo futhi zingalungiswa ngobude.

Ukuvinjelwa kwekhanda okusebenzayo kuyisixazululo sesimanje sokuqamba. Umsebenzi wabo omkhulu ukuhlinzeka i-fulcrum yekhanda lomshayeli ngokushesha okukhulu ngesikhathi somthelela. Ngokulandelayo, izivimbelo zekhanda ezisebenzayo zehlukaniswe zaba izinhlobo ezimbili ngokusho komklamo wedrayivu:

• i-mechanical;
• kagesi.

Umsebenzi wamasistimu asebenzayo womshini usekelwe ku-physics kanye nemithetho ye-kinetic energy. Isihlalo sifaka uhlelo lwe-levers, izinduku neziphethu. Lapho umzimba ucindezela emuva ngemuva komthelela, lo mshini utshekisa futhi ubambe ikhanda endaweni engaphambili. Lapho ingcindezi incipha, ibuyela esimweni sayo sokuqala. Konke lokhu kwenzeka ngomzuzwana ohlukanisiwe.

Idizayini yezinketho zikagesi isuselwa ku:

• Izinzwa Zokucindezela;
• Ibhlokhi yokulawula;
• i-squib eyenziwe yasebenza ngogesi;
• idrayivu yunithi.

Ngesikhathi somthelela, umzimba ucindezela izinzwa zokucindezela, ezithumela isignali kuphiko lokulawula elektroniki. Ngemuva kwalokho i-igniter ivula i-igniter bese i-headrest itshekela ngasekhanda isebenzisa idrayivu. Uhlelo lucabangela isisindo somzimba, amandla okuthelela nomfutho wokubala ijubane lapho lo mshini ubangelwe khona. Yonke inqubo ithatha ukuhlukaniswa kwesibili.

Kukholelwa ukuthi umshini we-elekthronikhi usebenza ngokushesha nangokunembile, kepha okuyiyona nto eyinhloko ukulahlwa kwawo. Ngemuva kokubangela, i-igniter kufanele ishintshwe, futhi ngayo nezinye izingxenye.

Ukulungiswa kwe-Headrest

Kokubili ukuvinjelwa kwekhanda lemoto okusebenzayo nokungasebenzi kudinga ukulungiswa. Indawo elungile izoba nomthelela omkhulu kumthelela. Futhi, phakathi nohambo olude, ukuma kwekhanda okunethezekile kuzonciphisa ukucindezeleka emgogodleni wesibeletho.

Njengomthetho, kungavinjelwa ukuphakama kwekhanda kuphela okuhlukaniswe nezihlalo. Uma kuhlanganiswe nesihlalo, khona-ke kuphela indawo yesihlalo engalungiswa. Imvamisa, indlela noma inkinobho inombhalo othi "Kuyasebenza". Kwanele ukulandela imiyalo enqunyiwe. Le nqubo ayibangeli ubunzima.

Isikhundla sesigqiki sokusekela ngemuva kwekhanda lomgibeli noma somshayeli sithathwa njengesihle kakhulu. Futhi, abashayeli abaningi bancoma ukulungisa isihlalo kuqala. Izihlalo zenzelwe ubukhulu besilinganiso somzimba womuntu onesisindo esingama-70 kg. Uma umgibeli noma umshayeli engalingani kule mingcele (emifushane noma emide kakhulu), lapho-ke ukulungisa isimo somshini kuzoba yinkinga.

Ukungasebenzi kahle nezinkinga zokuvinjelwa kwekhanda okusebenzayo

Ngenkathi izinzuzo zomshini zidlula okubi, kukhona nokubi. Abanye abashayeli bathi ukusebenza umshini ngisho nge ingcindezi kancane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umcamelo uhlala ngokungakhululekile ekhanda. Lokhu kuyacasula kakhulu. Kufanele uvumelane nomshini, noma uwulungise ngezindleko zakho. Uma lokhu kungukukhubazeka kwemboni futhi imoto ingaphansi kwewaranti, khona-ke ungaxhumana ngokuphephile nomthengisi ngezimangalo.

Amalokhi nezinsimbi zomshini nazo zingahluleka. Izinto ezisezingeni eliphansi noma ukuguga kungaba yisizathu. Konke lokhu kwephuka kuhlobene nemikhawulo ekhanda esebenzayo.

Izibalo zikhomba ukuthi kuma-30% ezingozi ezinomthelela ongemuva, bekuyizithiyo zekhanda ezisindise ukulimala ekhanda nasentanyeni. Singasho ngokuqiniseka ukuthi izinhlelo ezinjalo zizuzisa kuphela.