Izinhlobo nezici zokusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo zokubamba izingane

Lapho ingane ivela emndenini, imoto iba ngumngane obaluleke nakakhulu. Umsebenzi omkhulu wabazali ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha okuphezulu komgibeli omncane. Ukuvinjelwa okukhethekile kwengane kuzosiza kulokhu, okumele kukhethwe kahle ngokuya ngeminyaka, isisindo kanye nezici zomntwana ngamunye.

Yini i-DUU

Idivayisi yokuvimbela ingane (i-RLU) uhla lonke lwamadivayisi aklanyelwe ukuthuthwa okuphephile kwengane emotweni.

Ngokuya ngeminyaka nobukhulu bengane, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zemikhawulo yengane zingasetshenziswa, kufaka phakathi:

• isihlalo semoto yezinsana;
• izihlalo zemoto;
• izithuthukisi;
• ama-adaptha ebhande lesihlalo.

Ngokomthetho waseRussia, amadivayisi anjalo kufanele asetshenziswe lapho kuthuthwa izingane kusukela ngesikhathi sokuzalwa kwazo ziye eminyakeni eyi-12 ubudala. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezici zomuntu ngamunye zokukhula kwengane, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa imingcele yezingane noma usumdala.

Kuyadingeka ukuthi ukhethe ukuvimbela hhayi kuphela ngokuya ngezincomo zabakhiqizi, kepha futhi ucabangela nemingcele ngayinye yengane yakho.

Kungani kudingeka ukusebenzisa irimothi

Izindlela eziyinhloko zokuphepha kokungenzi lutho emotweni (amabhande okuvimbela, uhlelo lwe-Airbag) zenziwa ngokucabangela imingcele yomuntu omdala. Ngeke bakwazi ukunikeza ukuphepha okwanele kumgibeli omncane. Umzimba okhulayo wengane awukakhuli, ngakho-ke, ngokushaywa okunamandla nangaphansi kwethonya lesivinini esikhulu, izingane zingathola ukulimala okubi kakhulu.

Amabhande esihlalo ajwayelekile emotweni enzelwe abagibeli okungenani abayisentimitha eziyi-150. Uma ubopha ingane ngebhande elinjalo, umucu olungisa izingxenye zesifuba nehlombe uzoba entanyeni yengane. Ngenxa yalokho, uma kwenzeka ingozi, futhi nange-braking ebukhali, ingane ingathola ukulimala okubi kakhulu kumgogodla womlomo wesibeletho.

Izinhlelo zokuzibamba kwezingane zivumelaniswa kakhulu nezimpawu zabagibeli abancane, kuya ngeminyaka yabo. Ukulungisa ingane ngokuphepha, kusiza ukugwema ukulimala kuzo zombili izingqinamba ezingaphambili neziseceleni.

Uhlaka lwezomthetho

Ukusetshenziswa okuyisibopho kokuvinjelwa kwengane emotweni kulungiswa ezingeni lomthetho waseRussia. Ngokwesigatshana 22.9 semithetho yomgwaqo, ukuthuthwa kwezingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kwengu-7 emotweni noma elolini elithutha amaloli kufanele kwenziwe kusetshenziswa umkhawulo wengane ofanele ukuphakama nesisindo sengane.

Abagibeli abancane abaneminyaka engu-7 kuya kwengu-12 bavunyelwe ukuhanjiswa ngaphandle kokuvinjelwa, befake ibhande elijwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, ezokuthutha kufanele zenziwe kuphela esihlalweni esingemuva semoto. Uma ingane isesihlalweni sangaphambili, ukusetshenziswa kokuvinjelwa kwengane kuhlala kuphoqelekile.

Ngokwephula isigatshana 22.9 semithetho yomgwaqo yaseRussia Federation, umshayeli uzohlawuliswa ngokuya ngengxenye 3 yesigatshana 12.23 se-Administrative Code of the Russian Federation. Kubantu ngabanye, inhlawulo izoba ama-ruble angu-3 000, kwabasebenzi ababhekele ukuthutha izingane - ama-ruble angama-25, ezinhlanganweni ezisemthethweni - ama-ruble ayi-000.

Izinhlobo zemigoqo

Ngokuya ngezici zokuklama, kunezinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko zokuvimbela abagibeli abancane. Ngayinye yazo ingasetshenziswa kuphela eminyakeni ethile.

1. Isihlalo semoto yezinsana. Isetshenziselwa ukuhambisa izingane kusukela ekuzalweni kuye ezinyangeni eziyi-6-12. Isici esiyinhloko ukuthi ku-carrycot ingane isembhedeni ophephile ogobile olandela ukuma komzimba. Futhi, i-DUU igcwalisa ikhola elungisa ikhanda. Lokhu kuzalwa kubekwa ngokuqinile ngokumelene nokuhamba kwemoto. Lapho ufaka isibambiso esinjalo esihlalweni sangaphambili, umshayeli kufanele enze kungasebenzi i-airbag yomgibeli.
2. Isihlalo semoto. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lohlelo lokuvimbela izingane lwenzelwe ukuhambisa izingane zihleli. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izihlalo zemoto eziguqukayo zikuvumela ukuthi ulungise indawo futhi uhambise ingane ilele, ihleli noma ihleli isigamu. Ifakwe amahhanisi amaphoyinti ama-XNUMX nokuvikelwa komthelela ohlangothini owengeziwe.
3. Ukulekelela. Le divayisi iyisihlalo esingenayo i-backrest eyengeziwe. Ikuvumela ukuthi uphakamise isihlobo sengane esihlalweni ukuze usibophe ngokuphepha ngebhande elijwayelekile lesihlalo semoto.
4. I-adaptha yebhande lesihlalo - iphedi ekhethekile engunxantathu efakwe ebhande elijwayelekile lesihlalo semoto. I-adaptha ikuvumela ukuthi ulungise ibhande ukuze ingxenye yalo engenhla ingabikho entanyeni yomgibeli omncane.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwezihlalo zezimoto zezingane

Kuwo wonke la madivayisi, izihlalo zemoto zikhululekile kakhulu futhi zithembekile. Ngokuya ngobude, isisindo nobudala bengane, kuyisiko ukuhlukanisa amaqembu amakhulu ezihlalo zezihlalo zemoto.

1. Iqembu 0 - imibhede yemoto eyenzelwe izingane ezisanda kuzalwa kuze kufike ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. Le mishini ingathwala izingane ezinesisindo esingaphansi kuka-6 kg.
2. Iqembu 0+. Leli qembu lihlanganisa nabathwali bezinsana. Isisindo esiphezulu esivunyelwe sandisiwe saba yi-13 kg, kanye neminyaka yobudala - kuze kube unyaka owodwa.
3. Iqembu 1 lifaka izihlalo zezimoto ezingabamba izingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kwemine ubudala. Isisindo esiphezulu esivumelekile enganeni ngu-4 kg.
4. Iqembu 2 - izihlalo zemoto ezinemikhawulo yesisindo kusuka ku-15 kuye ku-25 kg. Isigaba sobudala - kuze kufike eminyakeni engu-7 ubudala.
5. Iqembu 3 elezingane ezindala ezineminyaka ephakathi kuka-7 no-12. Umthwalo omkhulu kudivayisi enjalo ngu-36 kg.

Kukhona futhi imikhakha eyengeziwe eyenzelwe ibanga leminyaka ebanzi.

1. Iqembu 0 + / 1. Ivumela ukuthuthwa kwezingane ezineminyaka engu-6 kuya kwezingu-3,5. Imikhawulo kusisindo sengane - kusuka ku-0 kuye ku-18 kg.
2. Iqembu 1-2-3. Le mingcele yezingane yenzelwe abagibeli abancane abaneminyaka engu-1 kuya kwengu-12 ubudala, isisindo sabo sisuka ku-9 kuye ku-36 kg.
3. Iqembu 2-3. Izingane ezisukela eminyakeni engu-3,5 kuya kwengu-12 ubudala zithwalwa ngemishini enjalo. Imikhawulo yesisindo - kusuka ku-15 kuya ku-36 kg.

Uhlaka nezitulo ezingenafreyimu

Okunye ukuhlukaniswa kwezihlalo zemoto kungahlukaniswa ngokuya ngomklamo wazo. Kukhona ama-DUU ozimele (ajwayelekile) nangenalutho.

Ezinguqulweni zakudala izihlalo zemoto zinohlaka oluqinile oluhlinzeka ukusekela umgogodla. Uma kwenzeka ingozi, ifreyimu incela kancane amandla omthelela. Okuwukuphela kwento ebuyisela emuva amadivayisi wozimele ngosayizi nobukhulu bawo: uma abazali bengenayo imoto yabo, futhi bethola isihlalo sokuthuthwa kwengane ngezikhathi ezithile ezimotweni zabanye abantu, kuyinkinga kakhulu ukususa nokufaka njalo idivayisi.

Ongakhetha Frameless xazulula le nkinga. Kulula ukuhamba nazo uma uhamba ngezimoto zabangane, izimoto eziqashiwe noma amatekisi. Futhi, isihlalo esingenasici sijwayela kalula ukuphakama kwengane, ngakho-ke singasebenza iminyaka eminingi. Kodwa-ke, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinketho zakudala zezihlalo zemoto, amadivayisi angenasisekelo anokuvikelwa okuncane kwengane (ngokwesibonelo, ayinakho ukuvikeleka emiphumeleni eseceleni).

Isitifiketi sokuvumelana

Lapho bekhethela isihlalo semoto yengane yabo, abazali kufanele banake ubukhona besitifiketi sokuhambisana, esiqinisekisa ukuhambisana kokuvinjelwa kwengane ngezinkambiso ze-UNECE standard N 44-04 (GOST R 41.44-2005).

Uphawu lokuvumelana luvamise ukufakwa esihlalweni semoto uqobo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho uthenga idivayisi, ikhophi yedokhumenti esekelayo ikhishwa kanye nesihlalo semoto.

Ukuba khona kwesitifiketi sokuhambisana kukhombisa ukuthi ukuvinjelwa kwengane okuthengiwe kunakho ngempela ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwengane phakathi nohambo nalapho kunesimo esiphuthumayo.

Izinzuzo nezinkinga ze-Boosters ne-Belt Adapter

Uma imibuzo ngokukhetha ukuvinjelwa kwengane ekuthwaleni abagibeli abancane abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-4-5 ngokuvamile ingaveli, khona-ke abazali bezingane ezindala bangakwazi ukukhetha ukuthi iyiphi idivayisi engcono ukuyisebenzisa: isihlalo semoto, i-booster noma i-adaptha yebhande.

Vele, i-booster noma i-adaptha inethezeke kakhulu kunesihlalo semoto. Abathathi isikhala esiningi, bangathathwa kalula nawe ukuze usebenzise, ​​isibonelo, ngesikhathi sokugibela itekisi. Kodwa-ke, zombili i-booster ne-adaptha yebhande inezinkinga ezibaluleke kakhulu - ukuphepha okuncane:

• lawa madivayisi awahlinzeki ngokuvikelwa kumthelela ohlangothini;
• zisetshenziswa kuphela ngebhande lesihlalo elijwayelekile, kuyilapho ibhande elinamaphuzu amahlanu lisetshenziswe ezihlalweni zemoto lilungisa ingane ngokuthembeke kakhulu.

Uma umshayeli wemoto "efaka" ingane yakhe esihlalweni semoto ayifaka ku-booster kusenesikhathi, noma esebenzisa i-adaptha yebhande lesihlalo, lokhu ngeke kunikeze ukuvikelwa okwanele, kepha, kunalokho, kungalimaza kabi.

Ukuvinjelwa kwengane kufanele kufakwe kuyo yonke imoto yomndeni ethutha izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-12. Okuphephe kakhulu futhi okunethezeka kakhulu kwengane kuyisihlalo semoto yengane esivikela ngokuthembekile kokubili kumithelela yangaphambili neseceleni. Kubalulekile ukuthi abazali bakhethe idivaysi ngokuya ngesisindo, ubude nobudala bengane futhi bakhumbule ukuthi noma yikuphi ukwephulwa kwemithetho yokuhambisa izingane emotweni kubeka engcupheni enkulu ingane yakho.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Ingabe isihlalo sengane singasetshenziswa? Izihlalo zezingane ezingenafreyimu zifakiwe esigabeni sempahla eyisibopho lapho uthutha izingane. Into eyinhloko ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unesitifiketi sokuphepha lapho uthenga imodeli enjalo.

Ingabe isihlalo esingenafreyimu singayiswa phambili? Njengoba umthetho ungacacisi uhlobo lwezihlalo zemoto yezingane, imithetho evamile yokuthutha izingane ezihlalweni iphinde isebenze kumamodeli angenafreyimu.