Ukuvuselela amathayi emoto - indlela yokulahla ngokusemthethweni amathayi asetshenzisiwe?
Okuqukethwe
Ukuqaphela kwemvelo kwePoles kukhule njalo. Lokhu kungabonakala endleleni yokuhlunga imfucuza, ukwenqaba ukushisa utshani noma ukunciphisa inani likadoti emahlathini. Ukugaywa kabusha kwamasondo omphakathi nakho kusiza ekugcineni indawo ezungezile ihlanzekile. Kodwa alahlwa kanjani amathayi ezimoto amadala? Yenziwe ngani?
Amathayi agugile nesikhathi sokudilizwa kwawo
Okuhle wukuthi abashayeli abaningi bafuna ukwazi ukuthi bawalahla kanjani ngokuphepha amathayi amadala. Amathayi asetshenzisiwe aphonswa ehlathini noma emasimini nasezimfeni athatha iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu ukubola! Izithako ngazinye azincishiswa ngokwemvelo kanjalo nje. Sikhuluma ngezinto ezinjengalezi:
- isondo;
- amafutha;
- ama-resins;
- kudabukisayo;
- i-silica;
- antioxidants.
Ngakho-ke, kungcono kakhulu, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, kusemthethweni, ukuwanikeza endaweni lapho ukuvuselelwa kwamasondo kungenzeka khona. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukuthola kubo hhayi kuphela uphethiloli ohlukile, okuyindlela ethandwa kakhulu yokuvuselela amathayi ezweni lethu, kodwa futhi nokukhiqizwa kwamapellets.
Kubukeka kanjani ukugaywa kabusha kwamasondo ezweni lethu?
Kufanelekile ukuqala ngolwazi oluhle - amathayi amaningi aphinde asetshenziswe ezweni lethu. Eminyakeni yamuva, inani labo liye laqala ukudlula amathani angu-90 ngonyaka. Ukugaywa kabusha kwamathayi kanye nentshisekelo ekhulayo yokukhipha izinto zokusetshenziswa ezidingekayo kuwo akulungile emvelweni kuphela. Baphinde banikeze ukonga ekukhiqizeni amathayi amasha noma imikhiqizo yenjoloba.
Futhi yimaphi amaqiniso angafundisi kangako mayelana nokucubungula okunjalo? I-Poland isasele ngemuva kakhulu emazweni agxile kakhulu ekugayweni kabusha kwamasondo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, azisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izingxenye zomgwaqo ezintsha. Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, abantu abaningi bashisa amathayi.
Ukuthenga amathayi nempilo yabo eyengeziwe
Ezweni eliseMfuleni iVistula, ikhambi elithandwa kakhulu ukusebenzisa amathayi njengenye indlela yokubasa. Ziwusizo kuphi? Ngenhlanhla, lezi akuzona izitofu zokushisa ezizimele ezindlini, kodwa, isibonelo, izitshalo zikasimende. Yilapho amasondo ahamba khona, ashintsha ikhabhoni.
Abagqugquzeli balesi sixazululo bathi lokhu kunciphisa ukungcoliswa kwemvelo okubangelwa ukushisa uphethiloli ezindaweni okukhiqizwa kuzo kuze kufike ku-30%. Kodwa-ke, ukuthengwa kwamathayi akuthakazelisi kuphela ekuthengisweni kwale mikhiqizo kumasayithi wezimboni. Benza ezinye izinto.
Yini engenziwa ngamathayi asetshenzisiwe?
Ukugaywa kabusha kwamasondo nokusetshenziswa kabusha kwengxenye kunikeza ini? Kudume kakhulu ukuwagaya kuma-granules okukhiqizwa kwezinto zenjoloba. Kuvela kuyo, isibonelo:
- Okhaphethi bezimoto;
- amasondo enjoloba ezitsheni;
- izimpawu;
- ama-wiper;
- izicathulo zezicathulo.
Yini enye engenziwa ngamathayi asetshenzisiwe? Bangaphansi kwe-pyrolysis, i. i-distillation eyomile. Le nqubo ihilela ukubeka amathayi asetshenzisiwe emazingeni okushisa aphezulu ngaphandle kokusebenzisa umoya-mpilo. Lokhu kubuyisela:
- i-carbon black - ngemva kokucubungula okwengeziwe;
- igesi;
- amafutha.
Enye inqubo ebalulekile enamathayi asesebenzile iwukuhlehla. Lokhu kuhilela ukukhipha endala bese ufaka igxathu elisha esidunjini sesondo.
Lapho ungathatha amathayi asetshenzisiwe - izinketho eziningana
Kunezindawo ezimbalwa lapho amathayi angafakiwe ekusetshenzisweni okuqhubekayo aya khona. Konke kumayelana:
- ukuthenga amathayi asetshenzisiwe;
- I-PSZOK - indawo yokuqoqwa kwemfucuza kamasipala;
- ukufakwa kwe-vulcanization;
- imikhankaso yendawo yokuqoqwa kwemfucuza.
Ngokusebenzisa la mathuba, ukugaywa kabusha kwamasondo kuyenzeka futhi kulula kakhulu.
Kuphi ukuphonsa amathayi futhi kuwufanele?
Ezweni lasePoland, kunokunyuka okuphawulekayo kwentshisekelo yamathayi njengezakhi zokuthuthukiswa kwendawo. Ngempela, kwabanye, ukulahlwa kwamasondo akudingekile, ngoba angasetshenziswa njengomhlobiso. Nakuba lena kuyindlela engavamile, akufanele yahlulelwe ngokunambitha kuphela. Phela izinto ezithandwayo azixabani.
Lawa amathayi amadala angapendwa, asikwe futhi alolongelwe ukuze abanike izimfanelo zangempela. Ngakho-ke akudingeki udideke ngokuthi ungawalahla kuphi amathayi ezindongeni.
Unganikela kuphi amathayi amadala ngokushesha nangempumelelo?
Kodwa-ke, uma ungenasithakazelo emfashini yokuhlobisa impahla yakho ngamathayi, ngokuqinisekile uzothola indawo lapho ungavula khona amathayi amadala. Ezweni lethu, kunemishini yokuthengisa engaphezu kuka-250 elungele ukwamukela amathayi ezimoto. Ngakho-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu onokufinyelela kuzo.
Uma lingekho iqoqo lamasondo asetshenzisiwe endaweni yangakini, ukubheja kwakho okuhle ukuthi uqonde ku-OSS. Kukhona, nokho, kunomkhawulo wamathayi ama-4 umuntu ngamunye ngonyaka. Ngakho-ke, akunakwenzeka ukuthi uzokhipha amanani amakhulu. Mhlawumbe indlela engabizi kakhulu futhi eshesha kakhulu yokususa amathayi amadala kuzoba yimishini evuvukalayo.
Ukugaywa kabusha kwamasondo kanye nesiqondiso esikhethwe abakhiqizi
Nakuba lena kungeyona indatshana emayelana nezinkinga zesimo sezulu, kuhle ukubalula ukuthi zithinta ukugaywa kabusha kwamasondo. Imikhiqizo eminingi yomhlaba wonke ayizami kuphela ukusebenzisa izinto zamathayi amadala ukuze kukhiqizwe amasha. Iphinde ingene esikhundleni sezinto ezingavuthiwe ezinobuthi neziyingozi zibe nezingangenisi imvelo. Abanye banaka kakhulu ukufunda kabusha, abanye ekuguquleni izinguquko ekwakhiweni kwamasondo ngokwawo.
Khumbula - buyisela amathayi asetshenzisiwe ezindaweni eziqokiwe. Ungawalahli, ungawashisi. Ngale ndlela, uzofaka isandla ekwenzeni ngcono izinga lomoya, inhlabathi namanzi endaweni yakho. Akusona yini isisusa esingcono kakhulu leso?
