Idivayisi kanye nenqubo yokusebenza kwesilawuli se-cruise control

Ukuhlala ugcina unyawo lwakho esisekelweni segesi akungakhululeki phakathi nohambo olude. Futhi uma ngaphambili bekungenakwenzeka ukugcina ijubane lokuhamba ngaphandle kokucindezela i-pedal, lapho-ke ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe, bekungaxazululwa le nkinga. I-Adaptive cruise control (ACC), etholakala ezimotweni eziningi zesimanje, iyakwazi ukugcina ijubane elingaguquki ngisho nalapho unyawo lomshayeli lususwa kwi-accelerator.

Kuyini i-adaptive cruise control

Emkhakheni wezimoto, uhlelo lokulawulwa kwezikebhe lwalusetshenziswa maphakathi nekhulu lamashumi amabili, lapho ngo-1958 uChrysler ethula umhlaba kulawulo lokuqala lomkhumbi olwenzelwe izimoto. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva - ngo-1965 - isimiso sohlelo sabuyekezwa yi-American Motors, eyadala indlela esondele kakhulu kwesimanje.

I-Adaptive Cruise Control (АСС) isibe inguqulo ethuthukisiwe ye-classic cruise control. Ngenkathi uhlelo olujwayelekile lungagcina ngokuzenzakalela isivinini semoto esinikeziwe, ukulawulwa kwemikhumbi okuguquguqukayo kuyakwazi ukwenza izinqumo ngokususelwa kudatha yethrafikhi. Isibonelo, uhlelo lunganciphisa isivinini semoto uma kunengozi yokushayisana okucatshangelwayo nemoto ngaphambili.

Ukwakhiwa kwe-ACC kubhekwa ngabaningi njengesinyathelo sokuqala sokubhekela ukuzenzakalela ngokuphelele kwezimoto, ezingakwenza ngaphandle kokungenelela komshayeli ngokuzayo.

Izinto zesistimu

Uhlelo lwesimanje lwe-ACC lufaka izinto ezintathu eziyinhloko:

1. Izinzwa zokuthinta ezinquma ibanga lemoto engaphambili, kanye nejubane layo. Ububanzi bezinzwa busuka kumamitha angama-40 kuye kwangama-200, kepha, kungasetshenziswa amadivayisi anezinye amabanga. Izinzwa zibekwe ngaphambili emotweni (ngokwesibonelo, kubhampa noma ku-radiator grille) futhi zingasebenza ngokuya ngomgomo:
   • i-radar ekhipha amagagasi e-ultrasonic noma kagesi;
   • lidar ngokususelwa kwimisebe ye-infrared.
2. Iyunithi yokulawula (iprosesa) efunda imininingwane kusuka kuzinzwa nakwezinye izinhlelo zemoto. Idatha etholakele ihlolwe ngokuqhathaniswa nemingcele ebekwe umshayeli. Imisebenzi yeprosesa ifaka:
   • ukunquma ibanga emotweni engaphambili;
   • ukubala ijubane layo;
   • ukuhlaziywa kolwazi olutholakele nokuqhathanisa izinkomba nejubane lemoto yakho;
   • ukuqhathanisa ijubane lokushayela nemingcele ebekwe umshayeli;
   • ukubalwa kwezenzo ezengeziwe (ukushesha noma ukwehlisa).
3. Izinsiza ezithumela isignali kwezinye izinhlelo zezimoto - uhlelo lokulawula ukuzinza, ukuthunyelwa okuzenzakalelayo, amabhuleki, njll. Zonke zihlotshaniswa nemodyuli yokulawula.

Isimiso sokulawula uhlelo

Ukusebenza nokungasebenzi kwe-adaptive cruise control ilawulwa ngumshayeli futhi kwenziwa kusetshenziswa iphaneli yokulawula, evame ukufakwa esiteringini.

• Ungavula futhi uvale uhlelo usebenzisa izinkinobho ze-On and Off, ngokulandelana. Uma belahlekile, inkinobho yokusetha isetshenziselwa ukufaka esikhundleni sokulawula i-cruise control. Isistimu iyenziwa ingasebenzi ngokucindezela ibhuleki noma i-clutch pedal.
• Amapharamitha angasethwa kusetshenziswa inkinobho Setha. Ngemuva kokucindezela, uhlelo lulungisa isivinini sangempela futhi luqhubeke nokulugcina ngenkathi ushayela. Usebenzisa izinkinobho "+" noma "-", umshayeli angakhuphula noma anciphise isivinini ngenani elinqunyelwe kusengaphambili ngomshini ngamunye.

I-adaptive cruise control iqala ukusebenza ngejubane okungenani lama-30 km / h. Ukusebenza okungaphazanyiswa kungenzeka lapho ushayela ungekho ngaphezu kwe-180 km / h. Kodwa-ke, amanye amamodeli wesigaba se-premium ayakwazi ukusebenza kusukela aqala ukushayela aze afike ngejubane lika-200 km / h.

Zifakwe kuziphi izimoto i-ACC

Abakhiqizi bezimoto bakhathalela ukunethezeka okuphezulu komshayeli nabagibeli. Ngakho-ke, iningi lemikhiqizo yezimoto lenze ukwehluka kwalo kohlelo lwe-ACC. Isibonelo, ezimotweni zakwaMercedes, uhlelo lokulawula ukuhamba ngesikebhe lubizwa ngeDistronic Plus, eToyota - Radar Cruise Control. IVolkswagen, iHonda ne-Audi zisebenzisa igama elithi Adaptive Cruise Control. Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kokuhlukahluka kwegama lomshini, umgomo wokusebenza kwawo kuzo zonke izimo uhlala unjalo.

Namuhla, uhlelo lwe-ACC alutholakali nje kuphela ezimotweni ezingamaprimiyamu, kodwa futhi nasezintweni ezithuthukisiwe zezimoto eziphakathi nezisetshenziswa, njengeFord Focus, iHuyndai Solaris, iRenault Duster, iMazda3, i-Opel Astra nezinye.

Izinzuzo nezingozi nebubi

Ukusetshenziswa kohlelo lokulawula ukuhamba ngesikebhe akusizi kuphela izinzuzo ezisobala, kodwa futhi kunokubi okuthile. Izinzuzo ze-ACC zifaka:

• ukwandisa izinga lokuphepha komshayeli nabagibeli (uhlelo lusiza ukugwema izingozi nokushayisana nemoto ngaphambili);
• ukunciphisa umthwalo kumshayeli (umshayeli wemoto okhathele ohambweni olude uzokwazi ukubeka ukulawula kwejubane ohlelweni oluzenzakalelayo);
• ukonga kaphethiloli (ukulawulwa kwejubane okuzenzakalelayo akudingi ukucindezelwa okungadingekile kuphedi yamabhuleki).

Okubi kokulawulwa kokuhamba ngesikebhe okuguqukayo kufaka:

• isici sezengqondo (ukusebenza kohlelo oluzenzakalelayo kungakhulula umshayeli, ngenxa yalokho ukulawula okuyinhloso esimweni sethrafikhi kuzokwehla);
• ukubakhona kokungasebenzi kahle kobuchwepheshe (ayikho indlela engavikelwa ngokuphelele ekungasebenzi kahle, ngakho-ke akufanele uyethembe ngokuphelele i-automation).

Kubalulekile ukuthi umshayeli acabangele ukuthi ezimweni zemvula noma zeqhwa, izinzwa kwamanye amadivayisi zingase zingasebenzi. Ngakho-ke, umshayeli kufanele aqaphe isimo sethrafikhi ukuze asabele ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo.

I-adaptive cruise control izoba umsizi omuhle kakhulu ohambweni olude futhi izovumela umshayeli ukuthi aphumule kancane, ayiphathise imoto ngejubane. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi akwamukelekile ukulahlekelwa ngokuphelele yisimo sethrafikhi: ngisho nemishini ethembeke kakhulu ingahluleka, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi umshayeli akulungele nganoma isiphi isikhathi ukuphatha imoto ngokuphelele izandla zakho.