Ignition system - isimiso sokusebenza, ukugcinwa, ukuwohloka, ukulungiswa. Umhlahlandlela
Izimpawu zokwehluleka kwanoma yiziphi izingxenye zesistimu yokuthungela ngokuvamile ukwehla kwamandla enjini, ama-jerk ngenkathi ushayela noma lapho uqala.
Uhlelo lokuthungela luyingxenye yezinjini zikaphethiloli, i.e. izinjini zokuthungela inhlansi. Idala inhlansi kagesi phakathi kwama-electrode ama-spark plug, ithungela ingxube yamafutha omoya kumasilinda. Ugesi wokuqalisa imoto uthathwa ebhethrini.
Ezimotweni zesimanje, uhlelo lokuthungela luhlanganisa: ama-spark plugs, amakhoyili kanye nekhompyutha elawula ukusebenza kohlelo. Amamodeli amadala asebenzise izintambo zokubasa kanye nedivayisi yokuthungela ehlukanisa ukushisa kube amasilinda angawodwana.
Bheka futhi: I-V-belt creaks - izimbangela, ukulungiswa, izindleko. Umhlahlandlela
Izinkinga ezijwayelekile ngesistimu yokubasa enephutha ezimotweni ezithungela izinto ezinhle ziqala izinkinga, ukudlikiza, ukuguquguquka kwezikhathi ezithile, nobulukhuni benjini.
Ukuvimbela ukwehluleka kwesistimu yokushisa kuvame ukukhawulelwa ekusetshenzisweni kukaphethiloli wekhwalithi enhle, kanye nokushintshwa okujwayelekile kwezinto ezithile: ama-spark plugs futhi - esikhathini esidlule - izintambo zokushisa, izindlu, njll. iphinikhodi yokusabalalisa yemishini yokuthungela.
Spark plugs
Injini kaphethiloli ejwayelekile enamasilinda amane ngokuvamile inamapulagi ezinhlansi ezine, elilodwa kusilinda ngalinye. I-spark plug ikhiqiza inhlansi edingekayo ukuze kuthungele ingxube yomoya/yamafutha.
Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa uphethiloli wekhwalithi enhle ukuze ama-spark plugs asebenze kahle. Impilo yesevisi yalezi zakhi ngokuvamile isuka ku-60 kuya ku-120 ayizinkulungwane. km of run. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zama-spark plugs emakethe: avamile futhi ahlala isikhathi eside, i-iridium ne-platinum.
Ama-Spark plugs kufanele ashintshwe ngokuhambisana nezincomo zomkhiqizi wemoto uma imoto isebenza ngegesi - ngisho nakabili kaningi. Uma sinomshini omdala futhi sifuna ukuzenzela, kufanele sikhumbule ukuwuqinisa ngendlela efanele. Uma kungenjalo, singalimaza ikhanda lesilinda.
Uma kusha ngisho nelilodwa lamapulaki, injini isazoqala, kodwa uzozizwa uxhuzula nokusebenza kwenjini okungalingani. Kulula ukuhlonza ngokuzimela ukuthi ngabe inkinga isekhandlela elichithiwe. Uphawu luyoba ukuthuthumela okunamandla kwenjini egijimayo, okuphawulekayo ngemva kokuvula i-hood. Kungcono ukufaka esikhundleni sesethi yonke ye-spark plugs ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngoba ungalindela ukuthi ngemva kokusha okukodwa, okufanayo kuzokwenzeka maduze kwabanye.
Bheka futhi: Izinto ezintsha emakethe ye-LPG. Ikuphi ukufaka igesi ongakhetha kuyo imoto?
Amakhandlela kufanele ahlangabezane nenani lezidingo ezinconywe umenzi wenjini ethile. Ngakho-ke, awekho ama-spark plugs afanele zonke izithuthuthu. Amanani aqala ku-PLN 15 lilinye (amakhandlela avamile) futhi akhuphukele ku-PLN 120. Ukushintsha isethi yamakhandlela kubiza kufika ku-PLN 50.
Amakhoyili okushisa
Amakhoyili okubasa atholakala kupulaki le-spark ngalinye. Bandisa i-voltage futhi badlulisele impulse kagesi emakhandleleni.
“Ziyalimala ngezikhathi ezithile,” kusho uRafał Kulikowski, onguchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kweToyota Auto Park eBiałystok.
Khona-ke uphethiloli ofakwe kumasilinda awunalo ithuba lokuvutha, ukuthungela kungase kwenzeke ngisho nasezindaweni eziningi zokukhipha. Sizothola ngemuva kokudubula i-exhaust.
izintambo zokuthungela
Izintambo zokubasa, ezaziwa nangokuthi amakhebuli kagesi aphezulu, anesibopho sokuhlinzeka ngeshaja kagesi kuma-spark plug. Azisasetshenziswa ezinjinini zesimanje futhi esikhundleni sawo sekufakwe amakhoyili avuthayo kanye neyunithi yokulawula. Kodwa-ke uma sinazo emotweni yethu kumele siqinisekise ukuthi ziseqophelweni eliphezulu ngoba kuya ngokuthi inhlansi etholwe ngemuva kwalokho iqine ngokwanele yini. Okokuqala, ukuvala umsindo kubalulekile. Ngokuvamile, ngenxa yokuwohloka kwamanje, umthwalo omncane kakhulu usetshenziswa emakhandlelani. Izimpawu zizofana nepulaki yenhlansi eshile: izinkinga eziqala injini nokusebenza kwayo okungalingani. Izintambo zibiza amashumi amaningana e-PLN, kubiza ukuzishintsha njalo ngo-80 XNUMX. km. Ezimotweni ezisebenzisa igesi eliwuketshezi, isikhathi sokushintshwa kufanele sibe yisigamu ubude.
ISIVUMELWANO
Iphampu yamafutha
Isici esibalulekile esinomthelela ekusebenzeni okulungile kwesistimu yokuthungela ipompo likaphethiloli, ngokuvamile elitholakala ethangini likaphethiloli. Inikeza uphethiloli kulolu hlelo - imunca uphethiloli futhi iwupompa endaweni yokusabalalisa. Asiyishintshi le elementi ngomjikelezo, kodwa kuphela uma iphuka. Ukuhluleka - kulokhu - umshayeli unomthelela omkhulu kunezinye izingxenye. Ikakhulukazi uma imoto ihamba nge-autogas.
- Abashayeli be-LPG bavame ukushayela nenani elincane legesi ethangini elidingekayo ukuqala injini. Leli iphutha, kuchaza u-Krzysztof Stefanowicz, umakhenikha wakwaNissan Wasilewski kanye neNdodana e-Bialystok. - Ngokubona kwami, ithangi kufanele lihlale okungenani ligcwele isigamu. Gwema inkomba yokugodla ukukhanya njalo.
Bheka futhi: Ukuvuselelwa kabusha kwezingxenye zemoto - kunenzuzo nini? Umhlahlandlela
Ukushayela imoto enenani elincane likaphethiloli ethangini kungabangela ukuba iphampu ishise kakhulu njengoba uphethiloli uyigcoba futhi uyipholise. Uma iphampu kaphethiloli ihluleka, ngeke siphinde siyimise imoto. Ngokuvamile, kwanele ukufaka esikhundleni se-cartridge yepompo. Sizokhokha cishe u-100-200 zł ngalokhu. Iphampu lonke elinezindlu libiza cishe i-PLN 400. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona i-PLN 190-250 yokushintshanisa. Ukwakhiwa kabusha kwalesi sici ngokuvamile kubiza kakhulu kunokuthenga iphampu entsha.
Khumbula izihlungi
Ukuze uhlelo lokuthungela lusebenze ngokungenasici, kufanele kuqashelwe futhi ekushintsheni izihlungi zomoya kanye nophethiloli. Eyokuqala kufanele ishintshwe njalo ngonyaka noma njalo ngezinkulungwane eziyi-15-20. km, nezindleko zokushintsha ezifika ku-PLN 100 kuma-workshops. Isihlungi sikaphethiloli sibiza i-PLN 50-120, futhi ukushintshwa cishe ku-PLN 30, kungahlala kusuka ku-PLN 15-50. kufika ku-XNUMX XNUMX km, kodwa…
- Ezimotweni zikadizili, ngincoma ukushintsha isihlungi sikaphethiloli njalo ngonyaka lapho kuhlolwa. Kungcolisa indawo ezungezile ngokushesha okukhulu kunasezimotweni zikaphethiloli, kweluleka u-Piotr Ovcharchuk, umxhumanisi wezokulungisa wegatsha lase-Białystok e-Wasilewski i Syn. - Umoya ovalekile noma isihlungi sikaphethiloli sizoholela ekunciphiseni okubonakalayo kokusebenza.
Ukuthungela ezinjinini zikadizili
Ezimotweni ezinezinjini zikadizili, i.e. ngokucindezelwa kokushisa, sikhuluma ngohlelo lwamandla omjovo. Ukuqina kwezingxenye zayo kuphinde kuthinteke izinga likaphethiloli.
Kusetshenziswa amapulagi akhanyayo esikhundleni samapulaki ezinhlansi. Maningi njengoba kunamasilinda enjinini. Asebenza ngendlela ehlukile kunama-spark plug.
Bheka futhi: Uhlelo lwe-exhaust, i-catalyst - izindleko nokuxazulula izinkinga
“Ipulaki elikhanyayo liwuhlobo lwe-heater okuthi, lapho ukhiye uvulwa ekuthutheleni, ushisiswe ugesi ovela ebhethrini futhi ngaleyo ndlela ushise kuqala igumbi elivuthayo enjinini,” kuchaza uWojciech Parczak, Umphathi Wesevisi Ogunyaziwe wakwaNissan. - Ngokuvamile kuthatha imizuzwana eminingana kuya emashumini ambalwa. Ikhandlela alisasebenzi ngenkathi lihamba.
Ngemuva kokuthi ama-plugs akhanyayo ashisiwe, ama-injection afaka amafutha ekamelweni elivuthayo, emva kwalokho ukuthungela kwenzeka.
Asiwashintshi amapulaki akhanyayo ngezikhathi ezithile, kuphela uma esegugile. Ngokuvamile zingakwazi ukumelana namakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu amaningana. Uma omunye esha, umshayeli angase angawuzwa ngisho nokuwuzwa. Izinkinga zivela kuphela emazingeni okushisa aphansi asebusika. Bese kuba nezinkinga ngokuqalisa imoto.
Inkinga ye-spark plug ingase iboniswe ngesibonisi esingakhanyi kudeshibhodi - ngokuvamile i-spiral ephuzi noma esawolintshi, okufanele iphume ngemva nje kokuvula ukhiye. Kwesinye isikhathi ukukhanya kwenjini yokuhlola nakho kuzovela. Khona-ke kufanele uye esikhungweni sesevisi futhi usebenzise ikhompyutha yokuxilonga ukuze unqume ukuthi iyiphi ipulaki ye-spark engasebenzi. Isignali ye-alamu kufanele ibe ukuqala kwenjini okude noma kungenzeki nhlobo ukuyiqala. Injini ingase futhi isebenze izikhawu okwesikhashana. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isilinda esisodwa noma ezimbili ezingazange zifudunyezwe ngamakhandlela azisebenzi. Bese beya emsebenzini bese kunyamalala uphawu.
Ngeke sizihlole thina ngokwethu ukusebenza kwamapulaki akhanyayo. Lokhu kungenziwa umakhenikha, okunconywa ngokukhethekile ngaphambi kobusika. Ngemva kokukhipha nokuxhuma kumhloli, hlola ukuthi ziyafudumala kahle yini. Ngenxa yempilo ende yesevisi yamapulaki akhanyayo, asikho isidingo sokushintsha isethi yonke. Okukodwa kubiza i-PLN 80-150. Kanye nokushintshisana, sizokhokha umkhawulo we-PLN 200.
Nozzles
Izinjini zikadizili zinama-injection amaningi njengoba kunamapulagi akhanyayo. Asizisevisi futhi, ukuqina kwazo kuthinteka izinga likaphethiloli. Ngesikhathi sokwehluleka, zithathelwa indawo ezintsha noma zivuselelwe. Ukushintsha kubiza cishe i-PLN eyi-100. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-nozzle ihlelwe kwisilawuli senjini - amanani ayahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi workshop - kusuka ku-100 kuya ku-200 zł.
Bheka futhi: Uketshezi namafutha emotweni - ukuthi ubheka kanjani futhi ushintshe nini
Kumodeli yebanga eliphakathi elidumile, umbhobho owodwa omusha ubiza phakathi kuka-PLN 3000 no-PLN XNUMX. Ingxenye eshintshayo kufanele yakhelwe injini ethile.
Izindleko zokuvuselela umjovo phakathi kwe-PLN 300 kanye ne-PLN 700, kuye ngohlobo.
Umjovo owonakele uzoletha uphethiloli omncane kakhulu noma omningi kakhulu endaweni evuthayo yenjini. Khona-ke sizozizwa sintula amandla nezinkinga ngokuqala imoto, ngisho nokwanda kwenani lamafutha enjini. Isibani senjini yokuhlola singase futhi sikhanyise. Uma i-injector iletha uphethiloli omningi, intuthu ingase iphume esitokisini noma injini ingase ibe nzima.
