Ukuzivocavoca "I-Falcon jump".
Ukuvala i-Dutch C-130H-30, ehlala iyinhloko yezindiza zokuthutha okuvela kuzo ama-paratroopers.
NgoSepthemba 9-21, 2019, njengaminyaka yonke, umsebenzi we-Falcon Jump wawubanjelwa eNetherlands. Ukuzivocavoca kwakuhlelwe yisigaba sama-336 seRoyal Netherlands Air Force kanye ne-11th airborne brigade yeRoyal Land Forces. Umgomo oyinhloko wokuzivocavoca ukuqeqesha abasebenzi basemoyeni nabaphansi ekufikeni nasekulahleni emoyeni. Amasosha aphinde alungiselela umgubho waminyaka yonke we-Operation Market Garden. Vele, inani lama-paratrooper abambe iqhaza ekuzilolongeni nasekugubheni lo msebenzi lalingelikhulu njengenani lalabo ababambe iqhaza ngqo kuwo. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nama-jumpers angu-1200 ayeyinkinga enkulu, njengaminyaka yonke.
Ngemuva kokufika kweNormandy ngoJuni 6, 1944, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokuhlasela kwe-Allied ekujuleni kweFrance, iBritish Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery yaqala ukulwela ukudabula i-front yaseJalimane ngezinga lamasu ngokushesha okukhulu. Wayekholelwa ukuthi ngemva kokunqotshwa kwamasosha aseJalimane eFrance, iJalimane yayisihluliwe kakade. Ngokubona kwakhe, impi yayingaqedwa ngokushesha ngokufohla iNetherlands futhi ihlasele insimu yokuqala yaseJalimane. Naphezu kokungabaza, uMkhuzi Omkhulu Ohlangene eYurophu, uGeneral Dwight Eisenhower, wavuma ukuqhuba i-Operation Market Garden.
Inhloso yalo msebenzi omkhulu kunawo wonke we-Allied airborne kwakuwukudlula insimu yaseNetherlands, njengoba wazi, enqanyulwa imifula nemisele enzima. Ngakho-ke, okokuqala, kwakudingeka ukwazi amabhuloho anqamula imingcele yamanzi - emifuleni iMeuse, iVaal (i-tributary ye-Rhine) kanye nase-Rhine eNetherlands. Inhloso yalo msebenzi kwakuwukukhulula iNetherlands eseningizimu ekubuthweni kwamaJalimane ngaphambi kukaKhisimusi ka-1944 futhi kuvulwe umgwaqo oya eJalimane. Umsebenzi wawuhlanganisa isici esisemoyeni (Imakethe) ukuze kuthathwe amabhuloho kanye nokuhlasela kwezikhali okuvela eBelgium (Kudabukisayo) kusetshenziswa wonke amabhuloho ukuze kuthathwe ibhuloho laseRhine endaweni yaseJalimane.
Lolu hlelo belunesifiso esikhulu futhi ukuqaliswa kwalo ngokushesha kwakubalulekile empumelelweni yalo. Umsebenzi we-XXX British Corps kwakuwukunqoba ibanga ukusuka emngceleni neBelgium ukuya edolobheni lase-Arnhem emngceleni neJalimane ngezinsuku ezintathu. Lokhu bekungenzeka kuphela uma wonke amabhuloho asendleleni abengonakalisiwe. I-US 101st Airborne Division (DPD) yayizothwebula amabhuloho phakathi kwe-Eindhoven ne-Vegel. Ingxenye yesibili yaseMelika, i-DPD yama-82, yayizothatha amabhuloho phakathi kweGrave neNijmegen. I-British 1st DPD kanye nePolish 1st Independent Parachute Brigade babhekane nomsebenzi onzima kakhulu. Kwakufanele babambe amabhuloho amathathu endaweni yesitha e-Lower Rhine e-Arnhem. Ukube i-Operation Market Garden ibe yimpumelelo ephelele, iningi lendawo yaseNetherlands ngabe ikhululiwe, inqamula amasosha aseJalimane engxenyeni esenyakatho yezwe, futhi umhubhe ongamakhilomitha ayi-100 oholela ngqo eJalimane ngabe ucekelwe phansi. Ukusuka lapho, ukusuka esihlokweni sebhuloho e-Arnhem, ama-Allies ayezobheka empumalanga e-Ruhr, isizinda sezimboni saseJalimane.
Ukwehluleka kohlelo
Ngo-September 17, 1944, ukufika kokuqala kwenzeka ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Nokho, kwavela izinkinga ezinkulu nezithiyo ngokushesha. Indawo yokufikela yaseBrithani yayikude kakhulu nentshonalanga ye-Arnhem futhi ibutho elilodwa kuphela elafinyelela ebhulohweni elikhulu. I-XXX Corps yama kusihlwa e-Valkensvärd ngoba ibhuloho e-Sona laliqhunyiswe amaJalimane. Kwaze kwaba ngo-September 19 lapho kwakhiwa khona ibhuloho lesikhashana elisha. AmaMelika afika eGroesbeck awazange aphumelele ngokushesha ekuthumbeni ibhuloho laseNijmegen. Ngalo lolo suku, abaseBrithani, beqiniswa amanye amagagasi okwehla, bazama ukufohla baze bafika ebhulohweni lase-Arnhem, kodwa baxosha amayunithi aseJalimane angena ngokushesha. Ama-scrapyards amaningana alahlekile futhi izinsalela ze-1st DPD zaphindiselwa emuva e-Oosterbeek.
NgoSepthemba 20, abaseMelika bawela uMfula iWaal ngezikebhe futhi ibhuloho laseNijmegen lathathwa yibo. Nokho, kwavela ukuthi lokhu kwenzeka sekwephuze kakhulu, njengoba amaJalimane azungeza ibutho eduze kwase-Arnhem futhi ibhuloho laphinde lathathwa yibona. Amasosha asePoland afika e-Driel ngomhla zingama-21 kuMandulo ngethemba lokuthi i-Oosterbeek bridgehead ingasetshenziswa njengenye indlela yokuwela i-Lower Rhine, kodwa lokhu kubonakale kungenangqondo ngokuphelele. AbaseBrithani base besengozini yokuwa, futhi ukuhlinzekwa kwamasosha emhubheni ukusuka e-Eindhoven kuya e-Arnhem kwaphazanyiswa ngokuhlelekile ukuhlasela kwamaJalimane kusuka emaceleni. Ngenxa yalokho, umgwaqo onemizila emibili ongunombolo 69 phakathi kwe-Eindhoven ne-Arnhem waqanjwa ngokuthi "umgwaqo oya esihogweni".
Ngo-September 22, 1944, amasosha aseJalimane agqekeza emhubheni omncane ohlangene eduze kwedolobhana laseVegel. Lokhu kwaholela ekunqotshweni kwamabutho Ahlangene e-Arnhem, njengoba amaJalimane nawo abamba amaNgisi enkabeni ye-Arnhem. Ngenxa yalokho, i-Operation Market Garden yaqedwa ngomhla zingama-24 kuMandulo. Ngobusuku bangomhla zingama-25/26 Septemba, amasosha okugcina ayizi-2000 asuka e-Oosterbeek akhishwa awela umfula. Le mpumelelo yavumela amaJalimane ukuthi azivikele ezinye izinyanga eziyisithupha. Lokhu kunqotshwa kamuva kwachazwa ngokuthi "ibhuloho elikude kakhulu", ngamazwi adumile kaJenene waseBrithani Browning.
