Imicu yekhabhoni evela ezitshalweni
Imicu yekhabhoni iguqule izindawo eziningi empilweni yethu njengobunjiniyela bomphakathi, ezondiza kanye nemboni yezempi. Anamandla aphindwe kahlanu kunensimbi kodwa alula kakhulu. Futhi, ngeshwa, zibiza kakhulu. Ithimba labacwaningi e-National Renewable Energy Laboratory e-Colorado lenze ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza imicu ye-carbon emithonjeni evuselelekayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, kungenzeka ukunciphisa kakhulu intengo yabo futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa.
Imicu ye-Carbon ibonakala ngokuqina okuphezulu, amandla aphezulu emishini kanye nesisindo esincane. Ngenxa yalezi zakhiwo, zisetshenziswe ekwakheni, kuhlanganise neminyaka eminingi. izindiza, izimoto zezemidlalo, kanye namabhayisikili namarekhethi ethenisi. Atholakala ngenqubo ye-pyrolysis yama-polymers emvelaphi ye-petroleum (ikakhulukazi i-polyacrylonitrile), equkethe amahora amaningi okushisa ama-polymer fibers emazingeni okushisa afika ku-3000 ℃, ngaphandle komoya-mpilo futhi ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu. Lokhu kuqeda ngokuphelele i-fiber - akukho lutho olusele ngaphandle kwekhabhoni. Ama-athomu ale elementi akha isakhiwo esine-hexagonal ehlelekile (efana negraphite noma igraphene), ebhekene ngqo nezakhiwo ezingavamile ze-carbon fibers.
AbaseMelika abahleli ukushintsha isigaba se-pyrolysis ngokwayo. Esikhundleni salokho, bafuna ukushintsha indlela abenza ngayo impahla yabo eyinhloko, i-polyacrylonitrile. Ukuhlanganiswa kwale polymer kudinga i-acrylonitrile, okwamanje eyakhiwe ngenxa yokucutshungulwa kwamafutha angcolile. Ososayensi baseColorado bahlongoza ukuyishintsha bafake imfucuza yasepulazini. Ushukela okhishwe ku-biomass enjalo uvutshelwa ama-microorganisms akhethiwe bese imikhiqizo yawo iguqulwa ibe i-acrylonitrile. Ukukhiqiza kuqhubeka njengokujwayelekile.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ezivuselelekayo kule nqubo kuzosiza ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa emkhathini. Ukutholakala kwe-polyacrylonitrile emakethe nakho kuzokhuphuka, okuzoholela emananini aphansi ama-carbon fibers asekelwe kuwo. Kusele kuphela ukulinda ukusetshenziswa kwezimboni kwale ndlela.
umthombo: popsci.com, isithombe: upload.wikimedia.org
