Ukususwa Kwe-Catalyst: Izinzuzo Nezingozi
Isiguquli se-catalytic noma isiguquli se-catalytic igama elisemthethweni le-elementi kusistimu ye-exhaust yemoto, emane ibizwa ngokuthi i-catalyst ngamafuphi. Ifakwe kuzo zonke izimoto zanamuhla ngenjongo yodwa yokunciphisa okuqukethwe kwezinto eziyingozi ekukhishweni.
Kungani kudingeka i-catalyst?
Sonke siyavuma ukuthi isintu sidala umonakalo ongalungiseki emvelweni. Futhi esinye sezici eziyinhloko zokungcola izimoto ezikhipha inqwaba yamakhemikhali ayingozi kanye ne-carcinogenic emoyeni: i-carbon monoxide, ama-hydrocarbon, ama-nitrogen oxides, njll. La magesi ayimbangela eyinhloko yemvula yentuthu ne-asidi.
Ngenhlanhla, inkinga yaqashelwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi kwathathwa izinyathelo zokunciphisa ukungcola okuyingozi. Ungakwazi ukukhuluma isikhathi eside mayelana nezimoto ezixubile noma izinjini zikagesi. Kodwa esinye sezixazululo ezilula kwakuwukufaka iziguquli ze-catalytic ohlelweni lwe-exhaust. Ngokudlula ku-catalyst, izinhlanganisela ezinobuthi ngenxa yokuhlangana kwamakhemikhali okuhlukahlukene zibola zibe izingxenye eziphephe ngokuphelele: umhwamuko wamanzi, i-nitrogen ne-carbon dioxide. Ama-Catalysts afakwe ezimotweni ezinazo zombili izinjini zikaphethiloli ne-diesel. Endabeni kaphethiloli we-diesel, kungenzeka ukunciphisa inani lesisi esiyingozi ngamaphesenti angama-90.
Kodwa-ke, kunenkinga eyodwa ebalulekile - amaseli e-catalyst avala ngokushesha futhi idivayisi ayikwazi ukubhekana nokuhlanza igesi yokukhipha. Ama-Lambda probe afakwe ngaphambili nangemuva kwe-catalyst ku-muffler athola okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamagesi anobuthi ku-exhaust, yingakho Injini Yokuhlola ihlale ikhanya kukhompuyutha esebhodini.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho i-catalyst ivaleka, ithinta kabi ukusebenza kwenjini:
- amandla ayancipha;
- amagesi okukhipha angena enjini, aphazamise ukwakheka okuvamile kwengxube ye-fuel-air;
- umthwalo ohlelweni lwe-muffler uyanda - kunengozi yangempela yokushiswa kwayo.
Kunendlela eyodwa kuphela yokuphuma - ukuya esitolo somthengisi noma esiteshini sesevisi futhi ufake i-catalyst entsha. Yiqiniso, likhona elinye ikhambi. Ungakwazi ukuqeda kalula isiguquli se-catalytic. Izazi zemvelo, yiqiniso, cishe ngeke zikuthande lokhu, kodwa imoto yakho izosebenza ngokujwayelekile futhi ngaphandle kwesidingo sokufaka i-catalyst entsha.
Izinzuzo Zokususwa Kwe-Catalyst
Ngaphambilini kuwebhusayithi yethu ye-vodi.su sesivele sikhulume ngokuthi ungayifaka kanjani futhi ngani esikhundleni se-catalyst. Indlela elula ukufaka isivimbeli somlilo noma i-snag. Lawa "amathini" ensimbi alula afakwe esikhundleni se-converter. Ngenani ishibhile kakhulu, ngokulandelana, umshayeli ugcina inani elithile lemali.
Uma sikhuluma ngezinzuzo eziyinhloko zokususa i-catalyst, azikho eziningi zazo njengoba kungase kubonakale ekuqaleni:
- ukwanda kancane kwamandla enjini, ngokoqobo ngamaphesenti angu-3-5;
- ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha - futhi ngamanani amancane;
- ukwanda kwempilo yenjini ngenxa yokuthi isithiyo esengeziwe siyanyamalala endleleni yokukhipha amagesi.
Kuyacaca ukuthi abanye abashayeli abagcini ngokuyinqamula i-catalyst, kodwa baqhamuke nento abazoyishintsha. Isibonelo, njengengxenye yokulungisa, "Izicabucabu" zifakiwe - zixhunywe ngqo ku-injini block esikhundleni se-multifold exhaust futhi zixhunywe ku-muffler. Banikeza ukwanda okuncane kwamandla kuze kufike kumaphesenti ayishumi (kucatshangelwa ukususwa kwe-catalyst).
Ububi bokukhipha i-catalyst
Uma ubheka ngokuningiliziwe, khona-ke ukungalungi kokukhipha i-catalyst nakho kwanele. Ububi obukhulu ukwanda kwezinga lesisi esiyingozi. Iqiniso liwukuthi izinkambiso kokubili e-EU naseRussian Federation zihlale ziqiniswa. Njengoba wazi, kune-athikili ye-Code of Administrative Offences 8.23, ngokusho ukuthi abanikazi bezimoto bangahlawuliswa ama-ruble angu-500 ngokudlula izindinganiso zokukhishwa kwezinto eziyingozi. Kukhona zonke izimfuneko zeqiniso lokuthi izindinganiso zizoqina nakakhulu, futhi amaphoyisa omgwaqo azoqapha ukugcinwa kwawo yonke indawo. Kukhona nengozi yokuthi ngeke uvunyelwe ukuphuma ezweni ngemoto ngaphandle kwe-catalyst.
Phakathi kokunye ukushiyeka, siphawula okulandelayo:
- ukubukeka kwesici, hhayi iphunga elimnandi kakhulu elivela emalolini afana ne-ZIL noma i-GAZ-53;
- iphunga lingangena ekamelweni;
- amagesi ashisayo avela kumqoqi (t - 300 ° C) ashisa ngensimbi ye-muffler ngokushesha okukhulu;
- umsindo wokukhala kwesici ngesivinini esikhulu.
Kukhona ukucindezeleka okwengeziwe okubekwe kulo lonke uhlelo lwe-muffler njengoba i-catalyst ingagcini nje ngokuhlanza i-exhaust, kodwa futhi ipholisa futhi imise okwesikhashana. Ngenxa yalokho, insiza ye-muffler iyancishiswa. Xazulula lolu daba ngokufaka izicabucabu ezifanayo noma izibambisi zomlilo.
Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile: iyunithi yokulawula i-elekthronikhi isethelwe kumazinga we-Euro 3, 4, 5. Ngakho-ke, uma okuqukethwe kwama-oxides ekuphumeni kuphakama, iphutha le-Check Engine lizohlala livela. Ngakho-ke, kuzodingeka ukuthi ufake i-snag (i-spacer ekhethekile evala inzwa ye-oxygen ephuma kumagesi aphumayo), noma ukhanyise kabusha iyunithi yokulawula ukuze wehlise izindinganiso zobuthi.
Njengoba ubona, kunezinkinga ezimbalwa. Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu kuzo ukuthi umshayeli ngokwakhe nabagibeli bakhe kuzodingeka bahogele amagesi e-carcinogenic futhi bafake ushevu kulabo ababazungezile. Ngakho-ke, uma ukhathazekile hhayi kuphela ukonga kanye nokwenyuka kancane kwamandla enjini yemoto yakho, kodwa futhi nempilo, kungcono ukwenqaba ukususa isiguquli se-catalytic.
Iyalayisha...
