Uwoyela wegiya - uzoshintsha nini nokuthi ungakhetha kanjani uwoyela ofanele wokuhambisa okwenziwa ngesandla kanye nokudluliselwa okuzenzakalelayo?

Indima kawoyela ku-gearbox

Izimoto zisebenzisa uketshezi oluhlukene olusebenzayo, okuhlanganisa nowoyela. Okuvame kakhulu uwoyela wenjini, ukushintshwa okuvamile okuqinisekisa ukusebenza okungenazinkinga kwemoto. Uwoyela omncane noma omningi kakhulu ungabangela ukuba injini ibanjwe futhi kusheshiswe ukuguga kwezakhi. 

Ingabe kuyafana namafutha egiya? Akudingekile. Amafutha aku-gearbox enza imisebenzi eminingana, njenge:

• ukugcoba kwezakhi zomuntu ngamunye;
• ukungqubuzana okuncishisiwe;
• ukupholisa izingxenye ezishisayo;
• ukuthambisa kanye nokuthuthumela kwegiya elimanzi kule ngxenye yemoto;
• ukudlidliza okuncishisiwe;
• ukuvikelwa kwezingxenye zensimbi ekugqwaleni. 

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amafutha okuhambisa kufanele agcine ingaphakathi le-transmission lihlanzekile. Uwoyela wegiya kufanele uhambisane nokucaciswa kwemoto yakho. Kubalulekile ukuthi kuzoba yimoto yasemadolobheni, kungaba imoto yezemidlalo noma iveni yokulethwa. 

Ingabe kufanelekile ukushintsha uwoyela we-gearbox? Ingabe kuyadingeka ngempela?

Ezimweni eziningi, abakhiqizi bezimoto abahlinzeki ngokushintsha uwoyela kuma-othomathikhi. Ngakho iyini inhloso yalokhu? Ingabe kuyadingeka ngempela ukushintsha uwoyela we-gearbox? Omakhenikha bayavuma ukuthi uwoyela wegiya elisha ugcoba futhi uphole kangcono. Kubalulekile ukuthi zonke izingxenye zokudlulisela zisebenze ngendlela efanele. Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukwehluleka okungenzeka noma kwandise isikhathi sokusebenza kwemoto.

Amafutha okuhambisa ngesandla angeke agcizelelwe njengowoyela wenjini, kodwa asengozini yokuguga. Amafutha amasha azosebenza kangcono. U-gearbox uzophila isikhathi eside ngoba izingxenye zawo zangaphakathi zizobe zigcotshwe kahle futhi zipholile.

Ungase uzibuze ukuthi kungani abakhiqizi bengakuncomi ukushintsha uwoyela we-gearbox. Mhlawumbe bacabanga ukuthi imoto entsha izohlala kumnikazi wokuqala isikhathi esingaphezu kobekulindelekile ushintsho lokuqala lwalolu ketshezi ku-transmission.

Nini ukushintsha uwoyela gearbox?

Ukuba semthethweni kokushintsha uwoyela wegiya akunakuphikwa. Thola ukuthi ukushintshwa okunjalo kudingekile kaningi kangakanani. Ngenxa yokuthi uwoyela umboza izingxenye zangaphakathi zokudlulisela ezihambayo njalo, ukuphila kokudlulisela kuyehla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ushintsho lukawoyela ku-gearbox kunconywa zonke izinkulungwane ezingama-60-120. imayela. Amanye ama-gearbox afakwe ama-clutch amabili (double clutch) angase adinge ukugcotshwa kaningi kunabanye ngenxa yesimo sokusebenza kwawo. Kungaba kanye njalo ngezinkulungwane ezingama-40-50. imayela.

Kungaba ukuhlakanipha ukushintsha uwoyela wegiya kuphela ngemva kokuphelelwa yisikhathi sewaranti. Uma kungenjalo, ukushintshwa kwe-lubricant ku-gearbox kuzovala iwaranti yomkhiqizi.

Yimuphi uwoyela ongawukhetha wokuhambisa okwenziwa ngesandla futhi ongawusebenzisa ngokuzenzakalelayo?

Uma unquma ukufaka esikhundleni ithuluzi ekudluliseni, udinga ukukhetha uketshezi olusebenzayo olulungile. Amafutha ashintshwayo ahlukile kuwoyela ozishintshayo ngoba asebenza ngokuhlukile.

Amafutha akhethiwe kufanele ahlangabezane nezimfuneko zomkhiqizi wemoto. Ama-ejenti ahlukaniswa ngokwesilinganiso se-API GL esakhiwe yi-American Petroleum Institute. Amafutha okuhambisa ngesandla aku-2, 3, 4 kanye no-5. Okunye okubalulekile yibanga le-viscosity, elimakwe ngophawu lwe-SAE kanye nezinombolo: 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 110, 140, 190 kanye no-250.

Amafutha okuhambisa okuzenzakalelayo afakwe isiguquli se-torque kanye nama-clutch okulawula noma ezimotweni ezine-clutch ezimbili kufanele kube uhlobo oluhlukile - i-ATF (Automatic Transmission Fluid). Izoba nemingcele efanele ehlobene ne-viscosity yayo. Ukukhetha ngokucophelela uwoyela wokudlulisa kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kwawo wonke uwoyela. Uma ukhetha umkhiqizo ongalungile, ungase ungaphenduli ngokwanele ezintweni ezisetshenziswa umenzi ukwenza ibhokisi. Ulwazi lokuthi yimaphi uwoyela ongakhetha kuwo lutholakala kangcono encwadini yomnikazi wemoto.