Toyota Carina E - izimoto ezinjalo azisakhiqizwa

Kunezimoto ezikwazi ukuxolela ubudedengu obuthile ekusebenzeni nasekunakekeleni abanikazi bazo. Kuthonywa ikhwalithi yokwenziwa kwazo, okungukuthi ikhwalithi yezinto ezisetshenziswayo, ukunemba kokuhlanganisa, izimfanelo ezifanele zabasebenzi abanomthwalo wemfanelo wenqubo yokukhiqiza, noma amazinga abusa ukukhiqizwa. I-Toyota Carina E ingenye yalezo zimoto, ezinokuqina nokusebenza okungaphezu kwesilinganiso. Ukuthenga isibonelo esigcinwe kahle emthonjeni othembekile kufanele kuvikele umnikazi omusha ezindlekweni ezingalindelekile.

Imikhiqizo yomkhiqizi waseJapane ijabulele idumela elihle iminyaka eminingi. Cishe wonke amamodeli abhekwa njengaqinile, athembekile futhi angenazinkinga ekusebenzeni. Nokho, Toyota Carina E, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye intuthuko ukukhathazeka Japanese, zihlukaniswa ... ukuqina edume nokwethembeka.

Isizukulwane sethulwa okokuqala ngo-1992. Wathatha indawo yesizukulwane esakhiqizwa kusukela ngo-1987 ekunikezeni umkhiqizi waseJapane. Ngo-1993, kwavela izinjini ze-Lean Burn ekunikezeni - ingxube ethambile (okuxoxwe ngayo ngezansi). Ngo-1996, imodeli yathola ukuguqulwa okucashile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwakhiwa kokumiswa kwaqedwa, isimo se-radiator grille sashintshwa, futhi kwasetshenziswa ukuqinisa okwengeziwe kwesakhiwo.

Imodeli entsha ibhekane nomsebenzi onzima, bekufanele iqhudelane emakethe yaseYurophu ngamamodeli akhangayo njengeVW Passat noma i-Opel Vectra. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izimoto ezishiwo zabakhiqizi baseYurophu azizange zithweswe umsebenzi ophakeme ngokungenangqondo, okwenza ukukhanga kwemoto ethakazelisayo evela eLand of the Rising Sun kucindezelwe kakhulu ngamanani amakhulu. Ngakho-ke, umkhiqizi waseJapane wanquma ukuthuthela ukukhiqizwa eYurophu.

Ngo-1993, kwavulwa imboni yakwaToyota yaseBrithani eBurnaston naseDeeside. I-Carina yokuqala, ephawulwe ngo-E yase-Europe, iphume emgqeni womhlangano engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka. Ukudluliswa komkhiqizo e-Europe kwaphenduka i-bull's-iso. Intengo yaqala ukukhanga kangangokuthi imoto yaduma kakhulu futhi yakwazi ukuncintisana kalula namamodeli aseYurophu. Ikakhulukazi emakethe yase-UK, lapho kukhona okunikezwayo okuningi okudayiswa kabusha kwe-Carina E.

Ukukhathazeka ngekhwalithi okuhlobene nokuthutha ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto kusuka eJapane kuya eYurophu kubonakale kungenasisekelo. Izikhundla zikaCarina E ezilinganisweni ezinokwethenjelwa ziqinisekisa ukuthi umenzi waseJapan ukwazile ukusebenzisa nokusebenzisa izindinganiso zekhwalithi zaseJapan enqubweni yokukhiqiza izimoto nasezweni laseYurophu.

Ekuqaleni, i-Carina E yayihlinzekwa ngezitayela ezimbili zomzimba, njenge-limousine eneminyango emine kanye ne-liftback enezicabha ezinhlanu. Ekuqaleni kuka-1993, inguqulo yenqola yesiteshi yengezwa ezinguqulweni ezinikeziwe, ezibizwa ngokuthi i-Sportswagon ngumkhiqizi waseJapane. Zonke izinhlobo ezintathu zazibonakala "ngokugoba okuningi", ngenxa yokuthi kwakungenzeka ukufeza i-coefficient yokumelana komoya ephansi kakhulu Cx = 0,30. Ngaleso sikhathi, lokhu kwakuwumphumela womona. Kodwa-ke, lezi zimbangi bezisho ukuthi le moto ayizange igqame ngokwesitayela kwabaqhudelana nayo. Abaningi babheka i-silhouette ... engenambala futhi ibuthuntu.

Kulezi zinsuku, ulayini womzimba kaCarina E ubukeka njengesimanje njengenkinobho yewasha ku-Fiat 126P. Ngenxa yamajika amaningi, imoto yehlukile ngokwesitayela kunezitayela zanamuhla. Ulayini imoto edwetshwa ngawo uvela ekuqaleni kwawo-90 futhi, ngeshwa, ayikho indlela yokuyifihla. Kodwa-ke, kukhona labo abaphikisana ngokuthi umklamo ongenambala wemoto unenzuzo ngaphezu kokubi, ngoba imoto iguga kancane. Ngicabanga ukuthi kukhona okuthile kulokhu.

Ungazizwa ukhululekile ngenkathi ushayela imoto. Izihlalo zikhululekile, nakuba zinephrofayili embi. Uma ikona ngokushintshashintshayo, akuqinisekisi ukusekelwa okufanele kwezinhlangothi. Ububanzi bokulungiswa kwesihlalo banele. Ukwengeza, isihlalo somshayeli siyalungiseka endaweni ye-lumbar. Ngenxa yalokhu, ngisho nohambo olude alukhathali kangako.

Isondo lokuqondisa liyalungiseka kuphela endizeni eqondile. Kodwa-ke, uhla olukhulu ngokwanele lokulungiswa kwesihlalo likuvumela ukuthi ukhethe indawo efanele ngemuva kwesondo. Ikhabhinethi yemoto isiphelelwe yisikhathi futhi imele isikole esijwayelekile sokuklama saseJapan. Leyo …. ukuntuleka komklamo. Ideshibhodi ilula kabuhlungu futhi iyafundeka. Ngeke kube buhlungu umcabango kakhudlwana futhi panache, isici izimoto French. Zonke izinkomba nezinkinobho zilapho okufanele zibe khona. Ukushayela kunengqondo futhi akuhluphi. Igiya legiya lifushane futhi lingena kahle esandleni. Amagiya, nakuba esebenza ngokushelelayo, anestroke eside kakhulu. Lokhu kubonakala ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokusheshisa okuguquguqukayo, lapho ukuguqula amagiya ngamanye kuthatha isikhathi eside kakhulu.

Esigabeni sekhomishana yemithwalo, i-Carina E izokwanelisa ngisho nabanganeliseki abafuna kakhulu. Isiqu, kuye ngohlobo, sibamba kusuka ku-470 litres (liftback) kuya ku-545 litres (sedan). Kuyiqiniso ukuthi ama-arches amasondo ayangena futhi ibhuthi aliyona i-cuboid ephelele, kodwa ngalelo gumbi, lingasetshenziswa kahle. Ububanzi bayo buqinisekisa iphakheji leholide elingenandaba nelingenandaba lomndeni onabane noma ngisho nabahlanu. Kungenzeka ukugoqa usofa ohlukaniswe asymmetrically futhi ukwandisa isikhala wezimpahla ezingaphezu kuka 1 dm200. Umphumela waphansi obushelelezi kuyinzuzo eyenza ukupakisha izinto ezinde nezisindayo kungabi nankinga. I-downside yi-threshold yokulayisha ephezulu, okusho ukuthi lapho upakisha izinto ezisindayo, zidinga ukuphakanyiswa ukuphakama okukhulu.

Imoto ayithathi hlangothi. Yebo, emakhoneni asheshayo ikhombisa ukuthambekela kancane ukuthi iphume ingaphambili ekhoneni, kodwa lokhu kujwayelekile kuzo zonke izimoto ezidonsa ngamasondo angaphambili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingaziphatha ngokungalindelekile (iphonsa emuva) ngokuhlukana okubukhali kwegesi ku-arc edlula ngokushesha. Nokho, lokhu kwenzeka kuphela lapho ikhoneni lithathwa ngokushesha kakhulu.

Cishe zonke izimoto zifakwe i-ABS. Ibanga lokubhuleka kusuka ku-100 km / h lingaba ngu-44 m, okuyinto ngezindinganiso zanamuhla akuyona umphumela omuhle kakhulu.

Ngokuqondene nama-powertrains, umkhiqizi waseJapane unikeze izinketho eziningana, kuhlanganise namayunithi edizili. Injini eyisisekelo efakwe ku-Carina E inomthamo wokusebenza we-1.6 dm3 kanye nezinketho eziningi zamandla (kuye ngokuthi usuku lokukhiqiza nobuchwepheshe obusetshenzisiwe): kusuka ku-99 kuya ku-115 hp.

Iqembu elikhulu lamamodeli ethulwa emakethe yesibili ifakwe izinjini 2.0 dm3. Futhi endabeni yalezi zinjini, kukhona umehluko ekuphumeni kwamandla, okusukela ku-126 kuya ku-175 hp. Nokho, ethandwa kakhulu uhlobo lwamahhashi angu-133.

I-compromise phakathi kwamayunithi 1.6 kanye ne-2.0 injini engu-1.8 dm3, eyakhishwa ngo-1995.

I-Carina E enale njini inamandla angu-107 hp. kanye ne-torque engu-150 Nm. Injini yenziwe ngendlela ye-valve engu-16. Iyunithi echazwe iyindlela ethokozisayo yabantu abafuna imoto eguquguqukayo, esheshayo futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo eyongayo. Ngokungafani ne-2.0 unit, ishisa kakhulu uphethiloli, olokhu ubiza kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, uma uyiqhathanisa neyunithi engu-1.6, ikwazi ukuhamba kahle futhi isebenzisa uphethiloli ngokuqhathaniswa.

Iyunithi 1.8 inejika letorque elivumayo. Inani eliphakeme lifinyelelwa ezingeni le-2,8 ayizinkulungwane. rpm, okuyinani elihle kakhulu uma kucatshangelwa

Ubuchwepheshe benjini ye-valve engu-16. Ngenxa yalokhu, imoto ngesivinini ngokuphumelelayo kusukela 2,5 ayizinkulungwane rpm

I-1.8 isuka ku-100 iye ku-11 km/h ngemizuzwana engaphezulu kuka-190 kanti ijubane layo elikhulu ngu-XNUMX km/h.

Kuyunithi, emakwe ngophawu 7A-FE, umkhiqizi wase-Japan usebenzise isixazululo esisha esibizwa ngokuthi i-Lean Burn. Inzuzo eyisisekelo yokuqaliswa kwalobu buchwepheshe ukusetshenziswa kwengxube ye-fuel-air ethambile enjinini. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, isilinganiso somthamo womoya kumthamo kaphethiloli kumasilinda ngu-14,7:1. Kodwa-ke, kubuchwepheshe be-Lean Burn, isilinganiso somoya engxubeni sikhulu kunenjini yendabuko (isilinganiso esingu-22: 1). Lokhu kubangela ukonga okubalulekile ku-dispenser.

Ukuze usebenzise ngokugcwele ubuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa kwaToyota, bheka i-economizer LED etholakala phakathi kwezinkomba kudeshibhodi. Ikhanyisa ngokuluhlaza uma injini ihamba kancane. Nokho, ngokusetshenziswa ngokugcwele kwamandla enjini, ikhompuyutha yokulawula ishintsha iyunithi isebenze okuvamile. Khona-ke i-dynamics yemoto ibaluleke kakhulu

ukwanda - kanye nokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli.

Kodwa-ke, ngisho nokushayela okunamandla, isilinganiso sikaphethiloli esisetshenziswa cishe amalitha angu-7,5 kumakhilomitha angu-100 ohanjwa. Uma kubhekwa amandla, ubukhulu nesisindo semoto, lokhu kuyinani elamukelekayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimbangi ekilasini zishisa kakhulu, njenge-Honda Accord noma i-Ford Mondeo.

Inkinga yezinjini ezenziwe kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-Lean Burn ukuqina kwe-lambda probe. Ingxube kaphethiloli/yomoya engenawo amandla isho ukuthi le ngxenye idinga ukushintshwa kaningi. Futhi intengo akuyona ephansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunzima ukuthola ukushintshwa okuhle nokufanelekile, okuphoqa umnikazi we-Carina E ukuthi athenge ingxenye yangempela ngentengo engaphezu kwe-1 PLN. Ngezindleko zemoto ezingeni lika-500 ayizinkulungwane ze-PLN, intengo iphezulu kakhulu.

Однако это самый большой и единственный недостаток двигателя. В остальном аппарат заслуживает похвалы. Он обеспечивает хорошую динамику, экономичен, не вызывает проблем в эксплуатации. В основном обслуживание двигателя сводится к замене жидкостей, фильтров, ремня ГРМ (каждые 90 км). Правильно обработанный двигатель преодолевает расстояние без проблем

400 - 500 ayizinkulungwane km.

Ezimweni nge-mileage engaphezu kuka-200 ayizinkulungwane km, hlola isimo uwoyela.

Endabeni kaCarina E, kunzima ukukhuluma ngokungasebenzi kahle okuvame kakhulu. Izinga lezinto zomuntu ngamunye zemoto lisezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu futhi, ngokuyisisekelo, izimo zokusebenza zinethonya elinqumayo ekuqineni kwezinto ngazinye.

Okuvame kakhulu (okungasho kaningi!) Ukungasebenzi kahle okurekhodiwe kufaka phakathi uphenyo lwe-lambda okukhulunywe ngalo ngenhla ezinjinini ze-Lean Burn, ngezinye izikhathi inzwa ye-ABS iyehluleka, izingidi namafasitela kagesi ayahluleka, amalambu akhanya aphele. Kunezinkinga ngesistimu yokupholisa (ukuvuza), ukudlala kumshini wokuqondisa kanye nokuguga kumapayipi amabhuleki. Izixhumanisi zokuzinzisa ziyizinto ezimisiwe ezidinga ukushintshwa kaningi. Nokho, lesi sici sithonywa kakhulu izinga lemigwaqo yasePoland.

Inkomba engcono kakhulu yekhwalithi yemoto abasebenzisi bayo. Isizukulwane sikaCarina, esimakwe ngophawu luka-E kusukela ngo-1992 kuya ku-1998, sibhekwa kahle kakhulu. Lokhu kufakazelwa hhayi kuphela izibalo ukwethembeka, kodwa futhi amanani izimoto esetshenziswa emakethe yesibili. Abantu abanoKarina abavamile ukufuna ukumqeda. Lena imoto engabangeli izinkinga zokusebenza, okwenza sikwazi ukukhohlwa ngamahora okuvula ama-workshops wendawo.

Yaziswa abasebenzisi ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yokwethembeka nobubanzi bayo. I-trunk evulekile yenza kube lula ukupakisha uhambo lwakho. Izinjini ze-Economical 1.6 kanye ne-1.8 zikuvumela ukuthi ujabulele ukusebenza okushibhile futhi unikeze ukusebenza okuhle. I-Option 2.0 iqinisekisa ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu, kodwa ayisenakusho ukonga.

Isithombe. www.autotypes.com