Indawo yokubilisa ye-antifreeze. Qhathanisa ne-antifreeze

I-physics encane

Akulungile ukukhuluma ngephuzu lokubilisa le-antifreeze ku-antifreeze, ngoba, okokuqala, i-antifreeze inokwakheka kwamakhemikhali athile, futhi izici zayo ze-thermophysical azinqunywa kuphela izinga lokushisa, kodwa futhi nokucindezela. Okwesibili, i-antifreeze, eyadalelwa kuphela izinjini ezikhiqizwa ekhaya ngesikhathi esisodwa, iqukethe izithasiselo eziqinisekisa hhayi kuphela ukusebenza kwemoto emazingeni okushisa aphansi, kodwa futhi nokuvikelwa kwayo ezintweni eziningi ezimbi:

• ukugqwala;
• izinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle;
• i-cavitation.

I-Antifreeze, ngokungafani nama-antifreeze, ayinawo umphumela wokugcoba, futhi ukunciphisa ukugqokwa kufinyelelwa ngenxa yokwehla kwezinga lokushisa lezinto ezihambayo zedrayivu, ngokukhuphuka lapho kukhethwa khona izikhala, futhi i-coefficient yokungqubuzana iyanda ngokwemvelo.

Uma konke kucace kakhulu ngezinga lokushisa elivumelekile (akukho ngaphezu kwama-90^ºC), khona-ke isimo nengcindezi enjinini siyinkimbinkimbi. Ukuze kuvikelwe injini ekushiseni ngokweqile, i-antifreeze iphonswa ngezingcindezi eziphakeme, ezithinta nezinga lokushisa loketshezi. Ezinkampanini eziningi, ingcindezi yangempela ku-cylinder block okungenani i-1,2 ... 1,3 atm: yilapho-ke, ngokomthetho we-Clausius, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme elidingekayo ekubiliseni imidiya ye-liquid likhuphuka. Ngakho-ke, indawo yokubilisa evunyelwe ngokombono wezinto zokupholisa ingaba ngu-110…112^ºC.

Ithini indawo yokubilisa ye-antifreeze?

Ukushisa ngokweqile ezinjinini zemidiya yokupholisa edumile njengoFelix A40, Motul, Alaska nabanye kuhlotshaniswa nenani elinganele le-antifreeze, ukungasebenzi kahle kwesistimu yokukhipha umoya wenjini, ukubonakala kwesikhiya somoya, ukungasebenzi kahle kwesistimu yokupholisa, noma ukusetshenziswa kwesiqandisi sekhwalithi ephansi (ehlanjululwe, esichithiwe, njll.). Ukukhuluma ngendawo yokubilisa ye-antifreeze kungenzeka kuphela kulabo abanikazi bezimoto abavumela ukucindezela okukhulu okupholisayo kanye nevolumu yayo eyengeziwe ohlelweni lokupholisa. Enye into ukusetshenziswa koketshezi oluthiwa yi-antifreeze esikhundleni se-antifreeze (ethengwa ezimakethe zezimoto ezingabazisayo). Lawo angabila ngempela, futhi ngisho namazinga okushisa angama-90^ºC.

Izakhiwo ze-Thermophysical ze-antifreeze zokukhiqizwa kwasekhaya

Ezinjinini ezenziwe ngesiRashiya, kuhle ukusebenzisa ama-antifreeze e-Phoenix, Sintec kanye nemikhiqizo efana nayo. Imikhawulo yokusebenza kwabo imi kanje:

1. Nge-antifreeze ye-A40M: -40…+108^ºC.
2. Nge-antifreeze ye-A65M: -65…+108^ºC.
3. Nge-antifreeze ye-A60M: -60…+105^ºC.
4. Okwe-antifreeze TL-30 Premium: -30…+108^ºC.

Emazingeni okushisa enjini angaphezu kwalawo abonisiwe, amathumba e-antifreeze ayabila.

I-coefficient yokunwetshwa kwe-volumetric ye-antifreeze ingaphakathi kuka-1,09 ... 1,12. Ezinye izinkomba zinqunywa izidingo zobuchwepheshe ze-GOST 28084-89.

Iphuzu lokubilisa elingaba khona le-antifreeze nalo lilinganiselwa ngenani lokucindezela:

• Ku-R = 1 ku-T_bale = 105^ºC;
• Ku-R = 1,1 ku-T_bale = 109^ºC;
• Ku-R = 1,3 ku-T_bale = 112^ºC.

Umkhiqizi oyinhloko we-antifreezes ezweni yi-PKF "MIG and Co" (Dzerzhinsk, isifunda saseNizhny Novgorod).

Qopha indawo yokubilisa ye-antifreeze (i-antifreeze)