Ukunakekelwa, ukunakekelwa kanye nokulungiswa kwemoto kagesi

Imoto kagesi iguqula indlela kanye nezindlela zokusevisa izimoto. Nazi izimiso ezimbalwa eziyisisekelo ezidingekayo ukuze unakekele imoto yakho kagesi.

Njengezitimela zikadizili, i-EV idinga ukuseviswa ukuze iqhubeke isebenza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Amafrikhwensi nezindlela zokusevisa izimoto zikagesi ziyehluka kuye ngabakhiqizi, umthamo kanye nekhwalithi yokukhiqiza.

Ngokuvamile, izimoto zikagesi kulula kakhulu ukuzinakekela ngoba zidinga ukushintshwa okuncane kwezingxenye. I-motor kagesi inenani elincane kakhulu lezingxenye ezihambayo (ezingaphansi kwe-10 uma kuqhathaniswa nezinkulungwane ezimbalwa zezimoto ezivamile), futhi ubuchwepheshe babo, obufakazelwe kabanzi ezimbonini nezitimela, buvumela izimoto ukuthi zihambe amakhilomitha ayizigidi ezingu-1. izimoto. Izindleko zokulungisa ezikhangisiwe zemoto kagesi ziphansi ngo-30-40% uma kuqhathaniswa nezimoto ezijwayelekile.

Izakhi ezivamile ezinezinjini ezivamile ezivuthayo zangaphakathi

Iningi lezinto zemishini nezobuhle zezimoto zikagesi zihlala zifana nalezo zezimoto ezivuthayo. Ngakho, ungathola izingxenye zokugqoka ezilandelayo:

• Ama-Shock absorbers: Izimoto zikagesi zinezinqamuli ezishunqayo ezifanayo nezitimela zikadizili futhi zidinga ukuseviswa ngendlela efanayo. Angacelwa ngezindlela ezahlukene kuye ngokuthi injini ikuphi kanye namabhethri ku-chassis;
• Ukudlulisa: Imoto kagesi inohlelo olulula lokudlulisa: ukudluliswa kukhawulelwe ku-gearbox owodwa. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kudinga nokugcinwa kukawoyela ukuze kube khona. Ukuhlinzeka ngokulungiswa okujwayelekile ukusuka ku-60 kuya ku-100 km wokugijima;
• Amathayi: Amathayi emoto kagesi nawo azoguga lapho ehlangana nomgwaqo, nakuba angaphansi kwezimoto ezivamile. Isikhathi sokuphila sizoncika, ngokwengxenye, endleleni yakho yokushayela;
• Amabhuleki: Uhlelo lokubhuleka ezimotweni zikagesi luhlukile ezimotweni ezijwayelekile zenjini evuthayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uhlelo lwamandla emoto kagesi lubuyisela ingxenye ebalulekile yamandla e-kinetic ngesikhathi sokubhuleka kagesi, futhi amabhuleki emishini awacindezeli kangako. Lokhu kuzokwelula impilo yamaphedi nezigubhu zakho;
• Ezinye izingxenye zemishini ne-elekthronikhi: isiteringi, ukumiswa, ukuhlunga kanye nesistimu ye-air conditioning izofana futhi izoseviswa ngendlela efanayo.

Isevisi yemoto kagesi

Imoto kagesi idinga ukuseviswa njalo futhi kufanele ifane nesitimela sikadizili, ngaphandle:

• Imoto kagesi

Izimoto ngokuvamile zisebenzisa i-DC electric motor. Isizukulwane esisha sezimoto zikagesi zifakwe i-brushless (noma “ i-brushless ») izinjini : Lawa ma-DC motors avumela ukuthi asetshenziswe ngaphandle kokunakekelwa isikhathi eside. Ukuphila kwazo kulinganiselwa ezigidini zamakhilomitha ambalwa. Ngakho-ke, lapho uthenga, ukukhetha kuzonikezwa kumbandela wekhwalithi yenjini.

• Amabhethri

Amabhethri kagesi aphinde ashajwe ezimotweni ikakhulukazi asebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-lithium-ion, obuhlinzeka ngebanga elide. Njengamanje, imisebenzi eminingi yocwaningo iyaqhubeka ukuze kwandiswe ukuzimela kanye neminyaka yokuphila.

Ngempela, ibhethri, ingxenye eyinhloko yemoto kagesi, ingaba yindawo ebuthakathaka yokunakekelwa. Lawa mabhethri ayinkimbinkimbi alawulwa yi-onboard electronics ukugwema ukuwalimaza. Ngakho-ke, akudingi ukunakekelwa kwansuku zonke.

Kodwa-ke, impilo yebhethri ayinamkhawulo: ingakwazi ukumelana nenani elithile lokushaja kanye nemijikelezo yokukhipha ngaphambi kokuba ilahlekelwe amandla ayo wonke, kodwa ingxenye yayo ebalulekile. Ngakho-ke, kuzodingeka ushintshe amabhethri emotweni yakho ekupheleni kwesikhathi somthamo omkhulu, kuye ngekhwalithi yokukhiqiza nokusebenzisa kwakho. Lesi sikhathi siyahlukahluka futhi ngokuvamile sisukela eminyakeni eyisikhombisa kuya kweyishumi.

Izinzuzo zemoto kagesi kuyilapho kunciphisa izindleko zokuyilungisa

• Ukuphela Kokushintsha Kwamafutha: Imoto enenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi kufanele ihlale ikhishwa uwoyela wenjini ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukugcotshwa okufanele nokupholisa kwebhulokhi yenjini yayo. Ngemoto kagesi, ukushintsha uwoyela kuba yi-anecdotal, ngoba i-motor kagesi ayidingi ukugcoba.
• Iketango lokudonsa elilula: alisekho i-gearbox noma i-clutch, izithiyo zobuchwepheshe ezihambisanayo ziyanyamalala: ukuguga okuncane, ukuwohloka okuncane.
• Amabhuleki ama-brake pads awagcizelele kangako ngenxa yesistimu yokubuyisela amandla ebhuleki.

Isibuyekezo sokuqala

Abasebenzisi bezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi abajwayelekile ngokuvamile babika imiphumela emihle kakhulu mayelana nokunakekelwa kwemoto. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ukonga ekunakekeleni uma kuqhathaniswa nesitimela sikadizili sesigaba esifanayo esinebanga elifanayo cishe ishibhe ngo-25-30%. Ukwenza uchungechunge lube yizimboni kanye nokufingqa ukusetshenziswa kwalo kuzosibonisa ibhalansi abakhiqizi abayitholele isevisi.

Izindlela ezehlukene zesevisi

Ukunakekelwa kwemoto kagesi kwehluka ngokuphawulekayo ezindleleni naseziyalezo zokuphepha okufanele zilandelwe, njengoba manje sekuyindaba yokusebenza ngaphansi kwamandla kagesi ahambisana namandla kagesi aphezulu kanye nemisinga. Ngakho-ke, ukuthuthukiswa kochwepheshe kuyadingeka, kodwa ukunakekelwa okuyisisekelo kusalokhu kwenzelwa abantu ngabanye.

Ubufakazi balokhu ukuthi ukumiswa kwamazwe ngamazwe ( ISO ) ilungiselelwa umsebenzi wangempela wokunakekela izimoto zikagesi.

Ngakho, imoto kagesi izoshintsha indlela okwenziwa ngayo ukunakekelwa nokukhanda izimoto, cishe kuthinte abanikazi bamagaraji amancane namakhulu. Kuzodinga ukutshalwa kwezimali ezintweni zokusebenza, ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi kanye nokunakwa okukhethekile ukuze sikwazi ukunakekela izimoto kubantu ngabanye kanye nochwepheshe.

Ngakho-ke, izindleko zokuhlinzeka imoto kagesi azikho zero, kodwa ziphansi kakhulu, futhi manje ungaqala ukuthenga imoto kagesi ngokuzethemba ukwazi ukuthi hlobo luni lwesevisi oluhlotshaniswa nokusetshenziswa kwalo.