Ukulawulwa kobuchwepheshe: indawo yokuhlola kanye nokwehluleka okungenzeka

Yenza njalo eminyakeni emi-2 ukulawula ezobuchwepheshe kuwukungenelela okufanele nokubalulekile kwemoto yakho. Ngempela, uma uhamba nge imoto ngaphandle kokulawula kwezobuchwepheshe ngempela uzifaka engozini izinhlawulonoma ngisho nokungakwazi ukuhamba kwemoto. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi ulandele imanuwali yakho yesevisi ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwakho kobuchwepheshe kuqinisekiswa okokuqala.

???? Yiziphi izindawo zokuhlola zokulawula ubuchwepheshe?

Le ukulawula ezobuchwepheshe okungenani 133 izindawo zokuhlola kuhlanganiswe imisebenzi emikhulu engu-9:

• Ukubonakala (i-windshield, izibuko, uhlelo lwenkungu, ama-wiper, njll.);
• Izinkinga (ukuvuza koketshezi, i-muffler, i-exhaust, intuthu, njll.);
• Ukuhlonza imoto (ipuleti lelayisense, inombolo ye-serial ku-chassis, njll.);
• Izibani, amadivaysi akhanyayo kanye nemishini kagesi (ibhethri, isilawuli sokukhanya, ukukhanya kwe-optics, njll.);
• Ama-axles, amasondo, amathayi kanye nokumiswa (amasondo, ama-shock absorbers, ama-wheel bearings, isimo samathayi, njll.);
• Imishini yamabhuleki (i-ABS, ama-brake discs, ama-brake caliper, amapayipi, njll.);
• Isiteringi (isiteringi samandla, i-wheelhouse, ikholomu yokuqondisa, isondo lokuqondisa, njll.);
• Izesekeli ze-chassis kanye ne-chassis (izihlalo, umzimba, phansi, ama-bumpers, njll.);
• Ezinye izinto zokusebenza (i-airbag, uphondo, i-speedometer, ibhande, njll.).

Lezi zindawo zokuhlola eziyi-133 zingaholela 610 ukwehluleka zihlukaniswe zibe amazinga ama-3 obunzima: amancane, abucayi, futhi abucayi.

🔧 Yikuphi ukwehluleka okubalulekile kokulawula kobuchwepheshe?

. ukwehluleka okubalulekile, ezibhalwe ngohlamvu u-R, yizona ezihluleka kakhulu ngoba zithinta ngqo ukuphepha komshayeli emgwaqeni. Ngakho-ke, uma uhlangabezana nokwehluleka okubucayi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kobuchwepheshe, uzovunyelwa kuphela ukushayela kuze kube phakathi kwamabili ngosuku okutholwa ngalo.

Lapho 129 izingozi ezibucayi iqoqwe ngemisebenzi eyi-8 esemqoka.

Ukwehluleka okubalulekile okuhlobene nokubonakala:

Izibuko noma Amadivayisi Esibuko Esingemuva:

• Isibuko esingaphezulu kwesisodwa esidingekayo asikho.

Isimo se-glazing:

• Ukukhanyisa esimweni esingamukeleki: ukubonakala kunzima kakhulu.
• Ingilazi eqhekekile noma eguquliwe ngaphakathi kwendawo yokusula: kunzima kakhulu ukuyibona.

Ukuphahlazeka okubalulekile okuhlobene nezinkinga:

Ukulahlekelwa koketshezi:

• Ukuvuza ngokweqile koketshezi ngaphandle kwamanzi kungalimaza imvelo noma kube yingozi yokuphepha kwabanye abasebenzisi bomgwaqo: ukugeleza njalo kuyingozi enkulu kakhulu.

Shintsha isipholile sakho ngokushibhile esitolo esingcono kakhulu sokukhanda izimoto endaweni yangakini.

Isistimu yokunciphisa umsindo:

• Ingozi enkulu kakhulu yokuwa.

Ukwehluleka Okubalulekile Okuhlotshaniswa Nezibani, Amadivayisi Abonisayo kanye Nezisetshenziswa zikagesi:

Isimo nokusebenza (amabhuleki amalambu):

• Umthombo wokukhanya awusebenzi.

Ukushintsha (amabhuleki):

• Ayisebenzi ngokuphelele.

Izintambo (i-voltage ephansi):

• Izintambo (ezidingekayo ekubhulekini, ekuqondiseni) ziguge kabi;
• I-insulation eyonakele noma eyonakele: ingozi eseduze yomlilo, izinhlansi;
• Ukulingana okungalungile: Izintambo zingathinta izingxenye ezishisayo, izingxenye ezijikelezayo noma phansi, ukuxhumeka (okudingekayo ekubhulekini, ekuqondiseni) kuyanqanyulwa.

I-Critical Axle, Wheel, Tyre and Suspension Fahires:

Izimbazo:

• I-ekseli iphukile noma ikhubazekile;
• Ukulungiswa okungalungile: ukuzinza okuphazamisayo, ukungasebenzi kahle;
• Ukuguqulwa okuyingozi: ukulahlekelwa ukuzinza, ukungasebenzi kahle, ibanga elinganele ukusuka kwezinye izingxenye zemoto, imvume enganele yomhlabathi.

Irimu:

• Ukuqhekeka noma ukukhubazeka ku-weld;
• Irimu eligogeke kakhulu noma eligugile: ukubopha ihabhu akusaqinisekisiwe, isondo alisavikelekile;
• Ukuhlanganiswa okungalungile kwezakhi ze-rim: kungenzeka ukuthi i-delamination.

Ihabhu lamasondo:

• Ukungalungiseki kahle, okuthinta kakhulu ukuphepha emgwaqeni;
• Ihabhu liguge kakhulu noma lilimele kangangokuthi amasondo awasavikelekile.

Amathayi:

• Umthamo onganele wokuphakamisa noma isigaba sesivinini sokusetshenziswa kwangempela;
• Isondo lithinta ingxenye emile yemoto, okunciphisa ukuphepha kokushayela;
• Intambo iyabonakala noma ilimele;
• Ukujula kwentambo akuhlangabezani nezidingo;
• Sika amathayi angahlangabezani nezidingo: ungqimba oluvikelayo lwentambo lonakele.

Enza i-geometry yamasondo akho ngentengo engcono kakhulu egalaji eliseduze nawe!

Isithwali semicibisholo:

• I-pivot ye-axle ephukile.
• Ukudlala nge-spindle ku-axle: ingozi yokunqanyulwa; Ukuzinza kokuqondisa kuphuliwe.
• Ukunyakaza ngokweqile phakathi kwe-rocket ne-beam: ingozi ye-delamination; Ukuzinza kokuqondisa kuphuliwe.
• Ukugqoka ngokweqile ku-axle kanye / noma izindandatho: ingozi yokuxoshwa; Ukuzinza kokuqondisa kuphuliwe.

Iziphethu nezinzinzisi:

• Ukunamathiselwe okungalungile kweziphethu noma iziqinisi kuhlaka noma i-axle: ukuhlehla okubonakalayo; ama-fasteners akhululekile kakhulu.
• Ukuguqulwa okuyingozi: ibanga elinganele ukuya kwezinye izingxenye zemoto; iziphethu azisebenzi.
• Ayikho intwasahlobo, i-blade eyinhloko noma izindwani ezengeziwe.
• Isici sasentwasahlobo sonakalisiwe noma siqhekekile: Intwasahlobo enkulu, ishidi noma amashidi angeziwe wonakaliswe kabi.

Amalunga ebhola amisiwe:

• Ukugqoka ngokweqile: ingozi ye-delamination; Ukuzinza kokuqondisa kuphuliwe.

Amasondo amasondo:

• Ukudlala ngokweqile noma umsindo: ukwephulwa kokuzinza kokuqondisa; ingozi yokubhujiswa.
• Isondo elithwele liqine kakhulu, livinjiwe: ingozi yokushisa ngokweqile; ingozi yokubhujiswa.

Yonga imali ngokushintsha isondo nge-Vroomly!

Ukumiswa kwe-pneumatic noma i-oleopneumatic:

• Uhlelo alusebenziseki;
• Isici esisodwa sonakalisiwe, silungisiwe noma sigugile: isistimu yonakaliswe kakhulu.

Amashubhu aphushayo, ama-struts, ama-wishbones nezingalo ezimisiwe:

• I-elementi yonakalisiwe noma igqwalile kakhulu: ukuzinza kwe-elementi kusengozini noma i-elementi iphukile.
• Ukunamathiselwe okungalungile kwengxenye kuhlaka noma i-axle: ingozi yokuhlukaniswa; Ukuzinza kokuqondisa kuphuliwe.
• Ukuguqulwa okuyingozi: ibanga elinganele ukuya kwezinye izingxenye zemoto; idivayisi ayisebenzi.

Shintsha ukumiswa kwakho ngokuzethemba egaraji lakho lemoto eliqinisekiswe i-Vroomly!

Ukwehluleka okubalulekile kwemishini yokubhuleka:

Ikhebula lamabhuleki kanye nokudonsa:

• Izintambo ezilimele noma eziboshiwe: ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwamabhuleki;
• Ukuguga okunzima kakhulu noma ukugqwala: ukusebenza okuncishisiwe kwamabhuleki.

Imigqa yamabhuleki eqinile:

• Ukuntuleka kokuqina kwamapayipi noma izinto zokufakwa;
• Ukulimala noma ukugqwala okukhulu okuthinta ukusebenza kwamabhuleki ngenxa yokuvaleka noma ingozi eseduze yokulahlekelwa uphawu;
• Ingozi eseduze yokuphuka noma ukuphuka.

I-automatic braking corrector:

• I-valve ibambekile, ayisebenzi, noma iyavuza;
• I-valve ayikho (uma kudingeka).

Amasilinda amabhuleki noma ama-caliper:

• Ukugqwala ngokweqile: ingozi yokuqhekeka;
• Isilinda noma i-caliper ephukile noma eyonakele: ukusebenza okuncishisiwe kokubhuleka;
• Ukuhluleka kwe-cylinder, i-caliper noma idrayivu ifakwe ngokungalungile, ebeka ukuphepha engozini: ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwe-braking;
• Ukuminyana okunganele: ukusebenza kwebhuleki okuncishisiwe.

Isistimu yamabhuleki yesibili, isilinda esiyinhloko (amasistimu we-hydraulic):

• I-auxiliary device yokubhuleka ayisebenzi;
• Ukulungiswa okunganele kwe-master cylinder;
• Isilinda esiyinhloko sinesici noma esivuzayo;
• Awekho uketshezi lwamabhuleki.

Ukusebenza kahle kwebhuleki lesandla:

• Ukusebenza kahle okungaphansi kuka-50% yenani lomkhawulo.

Ama-brake hoses:

• Ukuvuvukala okudlulele kwamapayipi: i-braid eyenziwe kabusha;
• Ukuntuleka kokuqina kwamapayipi noma izinsimbi;
• Ingozi eseduze yokuphuka noma ukuphuka.

Ama-brake linings noma ama-pads:

• Amaphedi noma amaphedi awekho noma awafakwe kahle;
• Ukungcoliswa kwezimpawu noma ama-cushions ngamafutha, amafutha, njll.: ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwe-braking;
• Ukuguga ngokweqile (ubuncane bemaki alibonakali).

Shintshanisa amabhuleki akho egaraji elinokwethenjelwa eliqinisekisiwe le-Vroomly!

I-Brake fluid:

• I-brake fluid engcolile noma eqinile: Ingozi eseduze yokuphuka.

I-Pump brake fluid emagaraji ezimoto aseduze nawe sibonga i-Vroomly!

Ukusebenza kwebhuleki lesandla:

• Ukungalingani okuphawulekayo ku-axle yokuqondisa;
• Akukho ukubhuleka esondweni elilodwa noma ngaphezulu.

Isistimu yokubhuleka ephelele:

• Amadivayisi alimele ngaphandle noma anokonakala ngokweqile okuthinta kabi uhlelo lokubhuleka: ukusebenza okuncishisiwe kokubhuleka;
• Ukuguqulwa kwezinto eziyingozi: ukusebenza kwebhuleki okuncishisiwe.

Izigubhu zamabhuleki nama-brake disc:

• Akukho sigubhu, akukho disc;
• Ukuguga ngokweqile, ukuklwejwa ngokweqile, ukuqhekeka, okungathembeki, noma idiski ephukile noma isigubhu;
• Isigubhu noma idiski engcoliswe uwoyela, amafutha, njll.: ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwamabhuleki.

Shintsha ama-brake discs noma amabhuleki esigubhu ngentengo engcono kakhulu e-Vroomly!

Ukwehluleka kokuphatha okubalulekile:

Ikholomu yokuqondisa nezinqamuleli zokushaqeka:

• Ukulungiswa okungalungile: ingozi enkulu kakhulu yokuhlukaniswa;
• Ukuguqulwa okuyingozi.

Isiteringi samandla :

• Into igobile noma igudla enye ingxenye: isiqondiso siyashintshwa;
• Ukugqwala okulimele noma ngokweqile kwezintambo noma amapayipi: ukushintsha indlela;
• Umshini uphukile noma awuthembekile: isiteringi sonakalisiwe;
• Indlela ayisebenzi: isiqondiso siphulwa;
• Ukulungiswa kwengozi: isiqondiso sishintshile.

Isiteringi samandla kagesi:

• Ukungahambisani phakathi kwe-engeli yokuqondisa kanye ne-engeli yokuthambekela kwamasondo: isiqondiso siyathinta.

Isimo sendlu yamasondo:

• Ukuqhekeka noma ukuguqulwa kwesici: umsebenzi awusebenzi kahle;
• Umdlalo phakathi kwezitho ezizoqoshwa: ukudlala ngokweqile noma ingozi yokuhlukana;
• Ukuguqulwa kwengozi: ukungasebenzi kahle;
• Ukugqoka ngokuhlanganyela ngokweqile: ingozi enkulu kakhulu yokuhlukaniswa.

Igiya lokuqondisa noma isimo se-rack:

• I-shaft yokukhipha igobile noma ama-splines agugile: ukungasebenzi kahle;
• Ukuguqulwa, ukuqhekeka, ukuphuka;
• Ukunyakaza okweqile kwe-eksisi yokuphumayo: ukusebenza kukhubazekile;
• Ukuguga ngokweqile ku-shaft yokuphumayo: ukungasebenzi kahle.

Isimo sesondo lokushayela:

• Ukushoda kwensiza yokukhiya kuhabhu lesondo lokuqondisa: ingozi enkulu kakhulu yokunqanyulwa;
• Ihabhu lesondo lokuqondisa eliqhekekile noma elingahlali kahle, irimu noma izipika: ingozi enkulu kakhulu yokuncipha;
• Ukunyakaza okuhlobene phakathi kwesondo lokuqondisa nekholomu: ingozi enkulu kakhulu ye-delamination.

Igiya lokuqondisa noma ukukhweza irack steering:

• Amabhawodi okukhweza alahlekile noma aqhekekile: Izibophelelo ezilimele kakhulu;
• Ukuqhekeka noma ukuphuka okuthinta ukuzinza noma ukulungiswa kwe-chassis noma i-rack;
• Intaba Empofu: Izintaba zixega ngokuyingozi noma zixega ngokuhlobene ne-chassis noma umzimba.
• Ukuphuma kokujikeleza kwezimbobo ezifakiwe kuhlaka: izikhwebu zonakaliswe kabi.

Ukudlala kokuqondisa:

• Ukudlala ngokweqile: ukuphepha kokuqondisa kusengozini.

Ukwehluleka Okubalulekile Okuhlobene Nezesekeli ze-Chassis kanye ne-Chassis:

Ukuhlanganisa imishini nokudonsa:

• Ukuguqulwa okuyingozi (izingxenye eziyinhloko).

Ukulawulwa kwethrafikhi:

• Izilawuli ezidingekayo ekushayeleni ngokuphephile azisebenzi kahle: ukuphepha kusengcupheni.

Isimo sangaphakathi nomzimba:

• Ukungena kwamagesi okukhipha umoya noma amagesi okukhipha injini;
• Ukuguqulwa okuyingozi: ibanga elinganele ukusuka ezingxenyeni ezijikelezayo noma ezihambayo noma ukusuka emgwaqeni;
• Inani elingaguquki kahle: ukuzinza kusengcupheni;
• Iphaneli elixekethile noma elilimele noma into ingase ibangele ukulimala: ingase iwe.

Ungakhohlwa ukufaka isihlungi sekhabethe lakho ngentengo engcono kakhulu nge-Vroomly!

Isimo esijwayelekile se-chassis:

• Ukugqwala okudlulele okuthinta ukuqina komhlangano: amandla anganele ezingxenye;
• Ukugqwala okudlulele okuthinta ukuqina kwembeleko: amandla anganele ezingxenye;
• Ukuqhekeka okukhulu noma ukuguqulwa kwelungu elihlangothini noma ilungu lesiphambano;
• Ukuqhekeka okuqinile noma ukuguqulwa kwembeleko;
• Ukulungiswa okungalungile kwamapuleti okuqinisa noma ama-mountings: dlala ekufakweni okuningi; amandla anganele ezingxenye.

Ukubopha i-cab nomzimba:

• Ikhebhu engaphephile: ukuzinza engozini;
• Ukugqwala okudlulele ezindaweni zokunamathisela emabhokisini azisekelayo: ukwephulwa kokuzinza;
• I-ancho yomzimba engalungile noma engekho ku-chassis noma ama-crossbeam kangangokuthi ibeka ingozi enkulu ekuphepheni emgwaqeni.

Qhathanisa amagaraji angcono kakhulu aseduze nawe ngokusekelwe enanini nezibuyekezo zekhasimende!

Amabhampa, onogada abaseceleni nokuvikela okungaphansi kwe-underrun ngemuva:

• Ukulingana okungalungile noma ukulimala okungase kubangele ukulimala uma kwenzeka ukuthintana: izingxenye eziwayo ezingenzeka; ukusebenza konakele kakhulu.

I-Пол:

• Iphansi likhululekile noma lilimele kakhulu: ukuzinza okunganele.

Iminyango nezibambo zeminyango:

• Umnyango ungavuleka kungalindelekile noma ungahlali uvaliwe (shwibeka iminyango).

Ithangi lamafutha nemigqa:

• Ukuvuza kwamafutha: ingozi yomlilo; ukulahlekelwa ngokweqile kwezinto eziyingozi.
• Ithangi likaphethiloli elivikeleke kabi noma olayini abethula ingozi ethile yomlilo.
• Ingozi yomlilo ngenxa yokuvuza kukaphethiloli, ukuvikelwa okungalungile kwethangi likaphethiloli noma isistimu yokukhipha umoya, isimo segumbi lenjini.
• Uhlelo lwe-LPG / CNG / LNG noma i-hydrogen ayihlangabezani nezidingo, ingxenye yohlelo inephutha.

Isihlalo somshayeli:

• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwendlela yokulungisa: isihlalo esinyakazayo noma i-backrest ayikwazi ukulungiswa;
• Isihlalo asivikelekile kahle.

Ukwesekwa kwezimoto:

• Izibophelelo ezixekethile noma eziqhekekile.

Isibambi sesondo esiyisipele:

• Isondo eliyisipele alinamathiselwe kahle ekusekelweni: ingozi enkulu kakhulu yokuwa.

ukusakaza:

• Amabhawodi okuqiniswa ayaxega noma awekho kangangoba abeka engcupheni enkulu ezokuphepha emgwaqeni;
• Ikheji lokuthwala eliqhekekile noma elixegayo: ingozi enkulu kakhulu yokufuduka noma ukuqhekeka;
• Ama-couplings okunwebeka agugile: ingozi enkulu kakhulu yokufuduka noma ukuqhekeka;
• Ukugqoka ngokweqile emajoyini wendawo yonke: ingozi enkulu kakhulu yokufuduka noma ukuqhekeka;
• Ukuguga ngokweqile kumabheringi e-shaft yokudlulisela: ingozi enkulu kakhulu yokungaqondani kahle noma ukuqhekeka.

Amapayipi okukhipha amandla nama-mufflers:

• Isistimu yokukhipha umoya evalwe kahle noma engavaliwe: ingozi enkulu kakhulu yokuwa.

Faka isistimu ye-exhaust esikhundleni sikamakhenikha othembekile eduze nawe!

Ukwehluleka okubalulekile okuhlobene nezinye izisetshenziswa:

Idivayisi yokukhiya nokuvimbela ukweba:

• Yehlulekile: Idivayisi iyakhiya kungazelelwe noma imiswe yiqhwa.

Ukuhlanganiswa okuphephile kwamabhande ezihlalo namahange awo:

• Iphoyinti lokunamathisela eligugile kakhulu: ukuzinza okuncishisiwe.

🚗 Yikuphi ukwehluleka okuyinhloko kokulawula kobuchwepheshe?

. ukwehluleka okukhuluezimakwe ngohlamvu S kukhona ukungasebenzi kahle okungabeka engcupheni ukuphepha kwemoto emgwaqeni. Ngakho-ke, uma ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwezobuchwepheshe unenkinga enkulu yokungasebenzi kahle, udinga ukuthi ilungiswe bese uhambisa imoto yakho ukuze ihlolwe kabusha ngaphakathi. Izinyanga ezingama-2.

Uma ungahlangabezani nalesi sikhathi esinqunyiwe, kuzodingeka udlule ekulawuleni okugcwele kwezobuchwepheshe futhi! Ikhona 342 ukwehluleka okukhulu iqoqwe ngemisebenzi eyi-9 esemqoka.

Amaphutha amakhulu ahlobene nokubonakala:

Umugqa wokubuka:

• Ukuthikamezeka ekuboneni umshayeli okuthinta indawo yangaphambili noma eseceleni, ngaphakathi kwendawo embozwe amawipha angabonakali noma izibuko zangaphandle.

Ama-Wipers:

• I-wiper blade ayikho noma ayinasici ngokusobala;
• I-wiper ayisebenzi, ayikho, noma ayanele.

Isimo se-glazing:

• I-Windshield noma ingilazi eseceleni yangaphambili ayihlangabezani nezidingo;
• Ukukhanyisa esimweni esingamukelekile;
• Ingilazi eqhekekile noma enemibala ngaphakathi kwe-wiper noma endaweni yokubuka yesibuko.

Windshield Washer:

• Iwasha ye-windshield ayisebenzi.

Izibuko noma idivayisi yokubuka ngemuva:

• Inkundla yokubuka iyadingeka, ayivinjwanga;
• Idivayisi yesibuko esingemuva ayikho noma ayifakiwe njengoba kudingeka;
• Isibuko noma idivayisi ayisebenzi, ilimele kakhulu, noma ayiphephile.

Ukungasebenzi kahle okuhlobene nezinkinga:

Ukukhishwa kwegesi:

• I-Lambda factor iphelelwe ukubekezelelana noma cha ngokuhambisana nezicaciso zomkhiqizi;
• Ayikwazi ukulawula ukukhishwa kwe-exhaust;
• Ukubhema ngokweqile;
• Ukufundwa kwe-OBD kubonisa ukungasebenzi kahle okukhulu;
• Ukukhishwa kwegesi kudlula amazinga okulawula ngaphandle kwezindleko zomkhiqizi;
• Ukukhishwa kwegesi kudlula amazinga athile aboniswe umenzi.

Imishini yokunciphisa igesi ekhishwayo yezinjini zokuthungela ezinhle:

• Ukuvuza kungathinta izilinganiso zokukhishwa;
• Izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezifakwe ngumkhiqizi azikho ngokusobala, zishintshiwe noma zinesici.

Izisetshenziswa zokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi ephumayo evela ezinjinini zokubasa ezicindezelayo:

• Ukuvuza kungathinta izilinganiso zokukhishwa;
• Izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezifakwe ngumkhiqizi azikho ngokusobala, zishintshiwe noma zinesici.

Ukufiphala:

• Ayikwazi ukulawula ukukhishwa kwe-exhaust;
• I-opacity inkulu kunevelu etholiwe noma ukufunda akuzinzile;
• I-opacity idlula imikhawulo yokulawula noma izilinganiso azinzile;
• I-opacity idlula imikhawulo yokulawula, uma lingekho inani lokwamukela noma izilinganiso azinzile;
• Ukufundwa kwe-OBD kubonisa ukungasebenzi kahle.

Ukulahlekelwa koketshezi:

• Ukuvuza ngokweqile koketshezi ngaphandle kwamanzi kungalimaza imvelo noma kudale ingozi yokuphepha kwabanye abasebenzisi bomgwaqo.

Isistimu yokunciphisa umsindo:

• Amazinga omsindo aphezulu ngokungavamile noma ngokweqile;
• Ingxenye yesistimu ibuthakathaka, yonakele, ayifakwanga kahle, ayikho, noma ilungiswe ngokucacile ngendlela enciphisa izinga lomsindo.

Ukwehluleka okukhulu okuhlobene nokuhlonza imoto:

Izimo zokulawula:

• Ukwehluleka komshini wokulinganisa intuthu lapho uhlola;
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwemitha ye-symmetry lapho kuhlolwa;
• Ukuhluleka kwemitha yokumelana nogesi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa;
• Ukuhluleka kwe-decelerometer ngesikhathi sokuhlola;
• Ukuhluleka kwedivayisi yokuhlaziya igesi yokukhipha ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa;
• Ukuhluleka kwedivayisi yokuqapha ingcindezi yesondo ngesikhathi sokuhlola;
• Ukuhluleka kwedivayisi yokulawula ukulungisa ukukhanya ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa;
• Ukuhluleka kwedivayisi yokuqapha ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa;
• Ukuhluleka kwedivayisi yokuxilonga esebhodini yesistimu yokulawula ukungcola ngesikhathi sokuhlola;
• Ukuhluleka kwedivayisi yokuhlola ukubhuleka nokukala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa;
• Ukwehluleka kwe-elevator ngesikhathi sokuhlola;
• Ukuhluleka kwesistimu yokuphakamisa eyisiza ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa.

Eminye imibhalo kamazisi:

• Impilo yeshelufu yokuhlolwa;
• Ukungahambisani kwedokhumenti kamazisi eyengeziwe nemoto.

Isimo sesethulo semoto:

• Isimo semoto, esingavumeli ukuhlola izindawo zokuhlola;
• Ukulungiswa okudinga ukuthotshelwa kwedatha ekumazisi;
• Ukungahambisani kwamandla nomazisi.

Inombolo yesibonakaliso yemoto, i-chassis noma inombolo ye-serial:

• Okungaphelele, akufundeki, kubhalwe amanga ngokusobala noma akufani namadokhumenti emoto;
• Akukho noma akutholakali.

Inombolo plate:

• Ukubhalisa akukho noma akufundeki;
• Ayihambisani nemibhalo yemoto;
• Isitofu asikho noma singawa uma singafakwanga kahle;
• Ipuleti elingafanele.

Ukungasebenzi kahle okuhlobene nokukhanyisa, izisetshenziswa ezikhanyayo nemishini kagesi:

Amanye amadivaysi okukhanyisa noma amasignali:

• Ukubamba kabi: ingozi enkulu kakhulu yokuwa;
• Ukuba khona kokukhanyisa okungalungile noma idivayisi yokusayina.

Ibhethri lesevisi:

• Ukuntuleka kokuqina: ukulahlekelwa izinto eziyingozi;
• Ukulungiswa okungalungile: ubungozi bomjikelezo omfushane.

Faka esikhundleni sebhethri elibiza kancane nge-Vroomly!

Ibhethri lokudonsa:

• Inkinga yokungangeni kwamanzi.

Izintambo (i-voltage ephansi):

• Izintambo ezigugile kabi;
• I-insulation eyonakele noma eyonakele: ingozi yesifunda esifushane;
• Ukugcinwa okungalungile: izibophelelo ezixekethile, ukuthintana nemiphetho ebukhali, okungase kube khona ukuhlukaniswa.

Izintambo eziphezulu zikagesi nezixhumi:

• Ukuguga okuphawulekayo;
• Ukungalingani kahle: ubungozi bokuthintwa kwemishini noma indawo yemoto.

Ibhokisi lebhethri lokudonsa:

• Ukuguga okuphawulekayo;
• Ukulungiswa okubi.

Ukushintsha (ukukhanya okubuyela emuva):

• Isibani esihlehlayo singavulwa ngaphandle kokuzibandakanya kwegiya elihlehlayo.

Ukushintsha (amalambu enkungu angaphambili nangemuva):

• Ayisebenzi ngokuphelele.

Ukushintsha (amalambu omaka angaphambili, angemuva nangaseceleni, amalambu omaka, amalambu omaka namalambu asemini):

• Ukusebenza kwedivayisi yokulawula kuphazamisekile;
• Iswishi ayisebenzi ngendlela edingekayo: amalambu omaka angemuva nangaseceleni angacishwa uma amalambu amakhulu akhanyiswe.

Ukushintsha (amabhuleki):

• Ukusebenza kwedivayisi yokulawula kuphazamisekile;
• Iswishi ayisebenzi njengoba kudingeka;
• Uhlelo lubonisa ukungasebenzi ngendlela ye-electronic interface yemoto.

Ukushintsha (izinkomba zezikhombisi-ndlela nezibani ezixwayisa ngengozi):

• Ayisebenzi ngokuphelele.

Ukushintsha (izibani zangaphambili):

• Ukusebenza kwedivayisi yokulawula kuphazamisekile;
• I-switch ayisebenzi ngokuhambisana nezidingo (inombolo yezibani ezikhanyisa ngesikhathi esisodwa): idlula ubukhulu obukhanyayo obuvunyelwe kusukela ngaphambili;
• Uhlelo lubonisa ukungasebenzi ngendlela ye-electronic interface yemoto.

Ukuthobelana (izikhanyeli, izimpawu zokubonakala ezikhanyayo namapuleti angemuva):

• Ukungabi bikho noma ukubonakaliswa kombala ngaphandle kokujwayelekile.

Ukuthobela (amalambu ahlehlisayo, amalambu enkungu angaphambili nangemuva):

• Isibani, umbala okhishiwe, indawo, amandla okukhanya noma izimpawu azihlangabezani nezidingo.

Ukuthobela imithetho (amalambu omaka angaphambili, angemuva nangaseceleni, amalambu omaka, amalambu omaka namalambu asemini):

• Ilambu lombala ngaphandle komhlophe ngaphambili noma obomvu ngemuva; kunciphisa kakhulu amandla okukhanya;
• Ukuba khona kokudla engilazini noma emthonjeni wokukhanya, okunciphisa ngokucacile ukuqina kokukhanya.

Ukuthobela (amabhuleki):

• Ukukhanya kombala ngaphandle kokubomvu; amandla okukhanya ancipha kakhulu.

Ukuthobela (izinkomba zezikhombisi-ndlela nezibani ezixwayisa ngezingozi):

• Isibani, umbala okhishiwe, indawo, amandla okukhanya noma izimpawu azihlangabezani nezidingo.

Ukuthobela (izibani zangaphambili):

• Isibani, umbala wokukhanya okhishiwe, indawo, amandla akhanyayo noma izimpawu azihlangabezani nezidingo;
• Ukuba khona kwemikhiqizo engilazini noma emthonjeni wokukhanya okunciphisa ngokucacile ukukhanya noma ukushintsha umbala okhishiwe;
• Umthombo wokukhanya nesibani akuhambisani.

Ubuqotho bomhlaba:

• Kubi.

Isilungisi sebanga (izibani zangaphambili):

• Idivayisi ayisebenzi;
• Umshini ophathwa ngesandla awukwazi ukusebenza usuka esihlalweni somshayeli;
• Uhlelo lubonisa ukungasebenzi ngendlela ye-electronic interface yemoto.

Imishini kagesi neye-elekthronikhi kumasekhethi kagesi aphezulu:

• Inkinga yokuvimbela amanzi;
• Ukuguga okuphawulekayo;
• Ukulungiswa kwephukile.

Isimo (ama-reflector, izimpawu ezikhanyayo namapuleti angemuva):

• Isibonisi esinesici noma esilimele: umsebenzi wokubonisa okhubazekile;
• Ukulungiswa okungalungile kwesibonisi: ingozi yokuhlukaniswa.

Isimo nemisebenzi (idivayisi yokukhanyisa ipuleti lelayisense yangemuva):

• Ukulungiswa kokukhanya okungalungile: ingozi enkulu kakhulu yokuhlukaniswa;
• Umthombo wokukhanya onesici.

Isimo nokusebenza (ukukhanya okubuyisela emuva):

• Ukulungiswa okungalungile: ingozi enkulu kakhulu yokuhlukaniswa.

Isimo nemisebenzi (amalambu omaka angaphambili, angemuva nangaseceleni, amalambu omaka, amalambu omaka nezibani zasemini):

• Ingilazi enesici;
• Ukulungiswa okungalungile: ingozi enkulu kakhulu yokuxoshwa;
• Umthombo wokukhanya onesici.

Isimo nokusebenza (amalambu amabhuleki, izinkomba zendlela, amalambu axwayisa ngengozi, amalambu enkungu angaphambili nangemuva):

• Ingilazi yonakaliswe kabi (ukukhanya okukhishiwe kuphazamisekile);
• Ukubamba kahle: ingozi enkulu kakhulu yokuhlukaniswa noma ukukhazimula;
• Umthombo wokukhanya unesici noma awukho: ukubonakala konakele kakhulu.

Isimo nokusebenza (izibani zangaphambili):

• Isibani noma umthombo wokukhanya onesici noma awukho: ukubonakala konakele kakhulu;
• Ukulungiswa okungalungile kokukhanya;
• Isistimu yokuqagela enesici kakhulu noma engekho.

Isimo nokusebenza (ukuba khona kwezimpawu zokulawula kuyisibopho ohlelweni lokukhanyisa):

• Idivayisi ayisebenzi: i-beam eyinhloko noma amalambu enkungu angemuva awasebenzi.

Amawasha amalambu:

• Idivayisi ayisebenzi esibani esikhipha igesi.

Ukuxhumana kukagesi phakathi kwemoto edonsayo ne-trailer:

• I-insulation eyonakele noma eyonakele: ingozi yesifunda esifushane;
• Ukuqiniswa okungalungile kwezingxenye ezihleliwe: imfoloko ayivikelekile kahle.

Ukuma (i-beam ephansi):

• Ukuma kwe-beam ecwilisiwe kungaphandle kwezidingo;
• Uhlelo lubonisa ukungasebenzi ngendlela ye-electronic interface yemoto.

Ukushaja imoto:

• Ukuguga okuphawulekayo;
• Ukulungiswa kwephukile.

Isivikelo sesokhethi yokulayisha:

• Asikho isivikelo kusokhethi yangaphandle.

Ama-braids asande, okuhlanganisa nokubopha kwawo:

• Ukuwohloka okuphawulekayo.

Ukungasebenzi kahle kwama-axles, amasondo, amathayi amisiwe:

Ama-absorber othusayo:

• I-shock absorber ilimele noma ibonisa izimpawu zokuvuza noma ukungasebenzi kahle;
• I-shock absorber ayinamathiselwe ngokuvikelekile.

Shintsha ama-absorber othusayo kusevisi yemoto ehamba phambili eduze nawe!

Izimbazo:

• Ukubamba kahle;
• Ukuguqulwa okuyingozi.

Irimu:

• Ukuqhekeka noma ukukhubazeka ku-weld;
• I-rim ekhubazekile kakhulu noma egugile;
• Ukuhlanganiswa okungalungile kwezakhi ze-rim;
• Usayizi, idizayini yobuchwepheshe, ukuhambisana noma uhlobo lwerimu aluhlangabezani nezidingo futhi kuthinta ukuphepha emgwaqeni.

Ihabhu lamasondo:

• Amantongomane angekho noma axegayo noma izigxobo zamasondo;
• Ihabhu ligugile noma lilimele.

Amathayi:

• Ukungqubuzana noma ingozi yokungqubuzana kwesondo ngokumelene nezinye izakhi (ukuphepha kwethrafikhi akuncishisiwe);
• Inkomba Yokugqoka Okujulile Okufinyelelwe;
• Usayizi, umthamo womthwalo noma isigaba senkomba yesivinini sesondo asihlangabezani nezidingo futhi kukhinyabeza ukuphepha emgwaqeni;
• Uhlelo lokuqapha umfutho wesondo ngokusobala alusebenzi;
• Isondo elilimele kakhulu, eliklwetshiwe, noma elifakwe ngendlela engafanele;
• Amathayi ahlukene;
• Amathayi anosayizi abahlukene ku-asili eyodwa noma kumasondo angamawele noma izinhlobo ezihlukene ku-ekseli efanayo;
• Sika amathayi angafanele.

Isithwali semicibisholo:

• I-spindle backlash ku-axis;
• Ukunyakaza okudlulele phakathi kwerokhethi nogongolo;
• Ukuguga ngokweqile ku-pivot kanye / noma ama-bushings.

Iziphethu nezinzinzisi:

• Ukunamathiselwe okungalungile kweziphethu noma ama-stabilizers kuhlaka noma i-axle;
• Ukuguqulwa kwengozi;
• Akukho siphethu noma isizinzisi;
• Intwasahlobo noma i-stabilizer yonakalisiwe noma iqhekekile.

Amalunga ebhola amisiwe:

• Isivalo sothuli silahlekile noma siqhekekile;
• Ukuguga ngokweqile.

Amasondo amasondo:

• Ukudlala ngokweqile noma umsindo
• Isondo liqine kakhulu, livinjiwe.

Ukumiswa kwe-pneumatic noma i-oleopneumatic:

• Ukuvuza komsindo ohlelweni;
• Uhlelo alusebenziseki;
• Noma iyiphi ingxenye ilimele, ishintshiwe noma igugile engaphazamisa ukusebenza kwesistimu.

Amashubhu aphushayo, ama-struts, ama-wishbones nezingalo ezimisiwe:

• I-elementi yonakalisiwe noma igqwalile kakhulu;
• Ukunamathiselwe okungalungile kwengxenye kuhlaka noma i-axle;
• Ukuguqulwa okuyingozi.

Ukungasebenzi kahle kwemishini yokubhuleka:

Ikhebula lamabhuleki kanye nokudonsa:

• Izintambo ezilimele noma ezikhubazekile;
• Ukuhluleka kwentambo noma ukuxhunywa kwezinduku okungafaka ukuphepha engozini;
• Ukuvinjwa kokuhamba kwesistimu yamabhuleki;
• Okunamathiselwe kwekhebula okunephutha;
• Ukunyakaza okungavamile kokuxhumanisa ngenxa yokulungiswa okungalungile noma ukugqoka ngokweqile;
• Izinga eliphezulu lokuguga noma ukugqwala.

Ukulawula amabhuleki okupaka:

• Idrayivu ayikho, ilimele noma ayisebenzi;
• I-stroke ende (ukulungiselelwa okungalungile);
• Ukungasebenzi kahle, isignali eyisixwayiso ebonisa ukungasebenzi kahle;
• Ukugqoka ngokweqile ku-lever shaft noma ukuxhumana kwe-ratchet;
• Ukuvinjwa okunganele.

Imigqa yamabhuleki eqinile:

• Amapayipi abekwe kabi: ingozi yokulimala;
• Ukulimala noma ukugqwala ngokweqile.

I-automatic braking corrector:

• Isixhumanisi esiphukile;
• Ukungahleleki kahle kokuxhumana;
• I-valve ibambekile, ayisebenzi, noma iyavuza (i-ABS iyasebenza).

Amasilinda amabhuleki noma ama-caliper:

• Isivalo sothuli silahlekile noma silimele kakhulu;
• Ukugqwala okukhulu;
• Ukugqwala ngokweqile: ingozi yokuqhekeka;
• Isilinda noma i-caliper ephukile noma eyonakele;
• Ukuhluleka kwe-cylinder, i-caliper noma idrayivu ifakwe ngokungalungile, okunciphisa ukuphepha;
• Ukuqina okunganele.

Isistimu yokubhuleka ene-master cylinder booster (hydraulic systems):

• Isistimu yokubhuleka eyisiza enesici;
• Ukulungiswa okunganele kwe-master cylinder;
• Ukulungiswa okunganele kwe-master cylinder, kodwa ibhuleki lisasebenza;
• I-master cylinder inesici, kodwa uhlelo lokubhuleka lusasebenza;
• Izinga le-brake fluid lingaphansi kwe-MIN mark;
• I-master cylinder reservoir yonakele.

Ukusebenza kahle kwebhuleki eliphuthumayo, ibhuleki lesevisi noma ibhuleki lokupaka:

• Ukuntuleka kokusebenza kahle.

Isimo kanye nokushaywa kwe-brake pedal:

• Irabha enyathela amabhuleki engekho, exegayo noma egugile noma into engasheleli;
• Ukushaywa isikhathi eside, ukugodla amandla okunganele;
• Ubunzima bokukhulula ibhuleki: ukusebenza okulinganiselwe.

Ama-brake hoses:

• Amapayipi alimele noma akhuhlwe kwenye ingxenye;
• Amapayipi angalungile;
• Amapayipi anezimbotshana;
• Ukuvuvukala ngokweqile kwamapayipi.

Ama-brake linings noma ama-pads:

• Ukungcoliswa kwezimpawu noma amaphedi ngamafutha, amafutha, njll.
• Ukuguga ngokweqile (ubuncane bemaki bufinyelelwe).

I-Brake fluid:

• I-brake fluid engcolile noma efakwe.

Izici zokubhuleka eziphuthumayo:

• Ukungalingani okubonakalayo;
• Ukubhuleka okunganele kwesondo elilodwa noma ngaphezulu;
• Ukubhuleka ngokushesha.

Izici zamabhuleki esevisi:

• Ukungalingani okubonakalayo;
• Ukushintshashintsha okukhulu kwamandla okubhuleka ngokuphenduka kwesondo ngakunye;
• Ukubhuleka okunganele kwesondo elilodwa noma ngaphezulu;
• Ukubhuleka ngokushesha;
• Isikhathi eside kakhulu sokuphendula kwelinye lamasondo;

Imininingwane yamabhuleki okupaka:

• Ibhuleki alisebenzi ohlangothini olulodwa.

Ukuvula i-pedal ye-service brake:

• Ukuphenduka okubukhali kakhulu;
• Izingubo zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu noma umdlalo.

I-Anti-lock braking system (ABS):

• Ezinye izingxenye ezingekho noma ezilimele;
• Izintambo ezilimele;
• Inzwa yejubane lesondo ayikho noma ilimele;
• Isisetshenziswa esiyisixwayiso sibonisa ukungasebenzi kahle kwesistimu;
• Uhlelo lubonisa ukungasebenzi ngendlela ye-electronic interface yemoto;
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwedivayisi ye-alamu.

Isistimu yokubhuleka ephelele:

• Ukwehluleka kwanoma iyiphi into engase ibeke engozini ukuphepha, noma into engahlanganiswe kahle;
• Amadivayisi alimele ngaphandle noma anokugqwala okukhulu okuthinta kabi uhlelo lokubhuleka;
• Ukuguqulwa okuyingozi kwe-elementi.

Izigubhu zamabhuleki, ama-brake disc:

• I-disc egugile noma isigubhu;
• Ithreyi likhululekile;
• Izigubhu noma amadiski angcolile ngamafutha, amafutha, njll.

Ukwehluleka okukhulu kokulawula:

Ikholomu yokuqondisa nezinqamuleli zokushaqeka:

• Ukubamba kahle;
• Ukunyakaza okudlulele ukusuka maphakathi nesondo lokuqondisa phansi noma phezulu;
• Ukunyakaza okudlulele kwengaphezulu lekholomu okuhlobene ne-eksisi yekholomu;
• Uxhumo oluvumelana nezimo lonakele.

Isiteringi samandla :

• Into igobile noma ihlikihlwa kwenye ingxenye;
• Ukulimala noma ukugqwala ngokweqile kwezintambo noma amapayipi;
• Ukuvuza kwamanzi noma umsebenzi okhubazekile;
• Indlela yokusebenza iphukile noma ayithembekile;
• Indlela ayisebenzi;
• Ukuguqulwa kwengozi;
• Ithangi elinganele.

Isiteringi samandla kagesi:

• Ukungahambisani phakathi kwe-engeli yesondo lokuqondisa kanye ne-engeli yokuthambekela kwamasondo;
• Usizo alusebenzi;
• Inkomba yokungasebenzi kahle ikhombisa ukwehluleka kwesistimu;
• Uhlelo lubonisa ukungasebenzi ngendlela ye-electronic interface yemoto.

Isimo sendlu yamasondo:

• Ukuntuleka kwezinto zokukhiya;
• Isivalo sothuli silahlekile noma silimele kabi;
• Ukungahambi kahle kwezakhi;
• Ukuqhekeka noma ukuguqulwa kwesici;
• Ukuhlehlana phakathi kwezitho okumele kulungiswe;
• Ukuguqulwa kwengozi;
• Ukuguga ngokweqile emalungeni.

Igiya lokuqondisa noma isimo se-rack:

• I-shaft yokukhipha igobile noma ama-splines agugile;
• Ukushayela okuyingozi;
• Ukuntuleka kokuqina: ukwakheka kwamaconsi;
• Ukunyakaza ngokweqile kwe-shaft yokuphuma;
• Ukuguga ngokweqile ku-shaft yokuphumayo.

Isimo sesondo lokushayela:

• Asikho ingidi endaweni yamasondo okuqondisa;
• Ihabhu lesondo lokuqondisa eliqhekekile noma elingavikeleki kahle, irimu noma izipika;
• Ukunyakaza okuhlobene phakathi kwesondo lokuqondisa nekholomu.

Igiya lokuqondisa noma ukukhweza irack steering:

• Amabhawodi okufakwayo angekho noma aqhekekile;
• Umfantu;
• Ukubamba kahle;
• Ukwenziwa kwe-ovalization kwezimbobo ezifakwayo kuhlaka.

Ukusebenza kwendlu yamasondo:

• Izitobhi azisebenzi noma azikho;
• Ukungqubuzana kwengxenye ehambayo yendlu yamasondo engxenyeni engashintshi.

Ukudlala kokuqondisa:

• Ukugembula ngokweqile.

Izinkinga ezinkulu ngezesekeli ze-chassis nezesekeli:

Ukuhlanganisa imishini nokudonsa:

• Idivayisi yokuphepha engekho noma enesici;
• Into eyonakele, enesici noma eqhekekile;
• Ukubamba kahle;
• Ukuguqulwa okuyingozi (izingxenye ezisizayo);
• Ipuleti lelayisense alifundeki (uma lingasetshenziswa);
• Ukugqokwa kwezingxenye ezeqile.

Eminye imishini yangaphakathi nengaphandle nokufakwa:

• Imishini evuzayo ye-hydraulic: ukulahlekelwa ngokweqile kwezinto eziyingozi;
• Okunamathiselwe okunephutha kwesesekeli noma okokusebenza;
• Imininingwane eyengeziwe engaholela ekulimaleni, ukwephulwa kwezokuphepha;

Ezinye izikhala:

• Ukulimala okungaholela ekulimaleni;
• Isicabha esingekho noma esingathembekile, ihinge, ilokhi noma isibambi;
• I-flap ingase ivuleke kungalindelekile noma ingahlali ivaliwe.

Ezinye izindawo zokuhlala e- :

• Ukweqa inombolo evumelekile yezihlalo; ukuhlinzekwa okungahambisani nerisidi.
• Izihlalo zinesici noma ezingathembekile (izingxenye eziyinhloko).

Ukulawulwa kwethrafikhi:

• Izilawuli ezidingekayo ukuze imoto isebenze ngendlela ephephile ayisebenzi kahle.

Isimo sangaphakathi nomzimba:

• Ukuguqulwa kwengozi;
• Inani alirekhodiwe kabi;
• Iphaneli elingavikelekile noma elilimele noma ingxenye engase ibangele ukulimala.

Isimo esijwayelekile se-chassis:

• Ukugqwala okukhulu okuthinta ukuqina komhlangano;
• ukugqwala okukhulu okuthinta ukuqina kwembeleko;
• Ukuqhekeka okuncane noma ukuguqulwa kwe-spar noma ilungu lesiphambano;
• Ukuqhekeka okuncane noma ukuguqulwa kwembeleko;
• Ukulungiswa okungalungile kwamapuleti okuqinisa noma ama-fasteners;
• Ukulungiswa okungalungile kwe-cradle;
• Ukuguqulwa okuyingozi.

Ukubopha i-cab nomzimba:

• Ikhabethe elingaphephile;
• Umzimba noma i-cab ngokusobala ayigxilile kahle maqondana ne-chassis;
• Ukugqwala okudlulele ezindaweni zokunamathisela emathanjeni azisekelayo;
• Okunamathiselwe komzimba okungekuhle noma okungekho ku-chassis noma amalungu ahlukene.

Iziphepho zodaka, iziphepho zodaka:

• Izinyathelo ezingamboziwe ngokwanele;
• Ulahlekile, ungavikelekile noma ugqwale kakhulu: ingozi yokulimala, ingozi yokuwa.

Izinyathelo zokufinyelela ku-cockpit:

• Isinyathelo noma shayela esimweni esingalimaza umsebenzisi;
• Iringi noma indandatho enyathelwe engaphephile: ukuzinza okunganele;
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwesiteji esihoxiswayo.

Amabhampa, onogada abaseceleni nokuvikela okungaphansi kwe-underrun ngemuva:

• Ngokusobala idivayisi ayihambelani;
• Ukungena kahle noma ukulimala okungaholela ekulimaleni uma kuthintwa.

I-Пол:

• Iphansi lixega noma liguge kabi.

Iminyango nezibambo zeminyango:

• Isicabha esigugile singabangela ukulimala;
• Isicabha, amahinge, izingidi, noma izintambo azikho noma ezingavikelekile kahle;
• Umnyango ungavuleka ngokungalindelekile noma ungahlali uvaliwe (iminyango eshelelayo);
• Umnyango awuvuleki noma awuvaleki kahle.

Ithangi lamafutha nemigqa:

• Ukunamathisela izesekeli ethangini elimele;
• Amapayipi onakele;
• Akunakwenzeka ukuhlola ithangi;
• Idivayisi yokugcwalisa i-GAZ ayisebenzi;
• Ukusebenza kwegesi yamafutha akunakwenzeka;
• Ukuvuza kwamafutha noma okulahlekile noma okunesici sokugcwalisa isivalo;
• Ukungaqini kahle kwethangi, ama-casings okuvikela noma izintambo zikaphethiloli, ezingafaki ingozi ethile yomlilo;
• Amathangi awonakele, izembozo zokuzivikela.

Isihlalo somshayeli:

• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwendlela yokulungisa;
• Isakhiwo sesihlalo esinesici.

Ukwesekwa kwezimoto:

• Izikhwebu ezigugile ngokusobala zilimele kakhulu.

Isibambi sesondo esiyisipele (uma sihlomile):

• Isondo eliyisipele alixhunywanga kahle ekusekelweni;
• Usekelo luphukile noma aluthembekile.

ukusakaza:

• I-shaft yokushayela eyonakele noma ekhubazekile;
• Amabhawodi okufakwayo axegayo noma angekho;
• Ikheji lokuzala eliqhekekile noma elingathembeki
• Isivalo sothuli silahlekile noma siqhekekile;
• Ukuguqulwa kokudlulisela ngokungemthetho;
• Ama-couplings ama-elastic agugile;
• Ukugqoka ngokweqile kwama-cardan shafts;
• Ukuguga ngokweqile kuma-propeller shaft bearings.

Amapayipi okukhipha amandla nama-mufflers:

• Ukulungiswa okubi noma ukuntuleka kokuqina kwesistimu yokukhipha umoya.

Ukungasebenzi kahle okuhlobene neminye imishini:

Isikhwama somoya :

• Ngokusobala i-airbag engasebenzi;
• Ama-airbag awekho ngokusobala noma awayilungele imoto;
• Uhlelo lubonisa ukungasebenzi ngendlela ye-electronic interface yemoto.

I-Buzzer:

• Ayisebenzi kahle: ayisebenzi ngokuphelele;
• Ukungathobeli imithetho: kunobungozi bokuthi umsindo okhishiwe uzodideka nokukhala kwama-siren asemthethweni.

I-odometer:

• Ngokusobala ayisebenzi.

Ukulawula ukuzinza kwe-elekthronikhi:

• Ezinye izingxenye ezingekho noma ezilimele;
• Izintambo ezilimele;
• Inzwa yejubane lesondo ayikho noma ilimele;
• Iswishi ilimele noma ayisebenzi kahle;
• Inkomba yokungasebenzi kahle ibonisa ukwehluleka kwesistimu.

Isimo samabhande ezihlalo namabhande awo:

• Ibhande lebhande lesihlalo lonakele noma alisebenzi kahle;
• Ibhande lesihlalo lonakele: ukusika noma izimpawu zokwelula;
• Ibhande lesihlalo alihlangabezani nezidingo;
• Ibhande lesihlalo eliyisibopho elilahlekile noma elilahlekile;
• Irektara yebhande lesihlalo lonakele noma ayisebenzi kahle.

Inkomba yesivinini:

• Ukungabikho (uma kunesidingo);
• Ingenakho ngokuphelele ukukhanya;
• Ayisebenzi ngokuphelele.

Umkhawulo wokuphoqelela ibhande lesihlalo:

• Uhlelo lubonisa ukungasebenzi ngendlela ye-electronic interface yemoto;
• I-force limiter yonakele, ayikho ngokusobala noma ayifanele imoto.

Ama-pretensioners ebhande lesihlalo:

• Uhlelo lubonisa ukungasebenzi ngendlela ye-electronic interface yemoto;
• I-pretensioner ilimele, ayikho ngokusobala, noma ayifanele imoto.

Idivayisi yokukhiya nokuvimbela ukweba:

• Iphutha.

Ukuhlanganiswa okuphephile kwamabhande ezihlalo namahange awo:

• Ihange elixegayo;
• Iphoyinti lokunamathisela eligugile kakhulu.

Isistimu yokuvimbela eyengeziwe:

• Inkomba yokungasebenzi kahle ibonisa ukwehluleka kwesistimu.

⚙️ Yikuphi ukwehluleka okuncane kokulawula ubuchwepheshe?

. amaphutha amancaneokumakwe ngohlamvu A kungukungasebenzi kahle okungakuthinti kakhulu ukuphepha kwemoto yakho. Ngakho kukhona akukho ukuphindela yakhelwe amaphutha amancane.

Nokho, kusadingeka ulungise ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze lamaphutha amancane angakhuli abe amabi kakhulu noma abucayi. Ikhona 139 amaphutha amancane iqoqwe ngemisebenzi eyi-9 esemqoka.

Ukungalungi kokubonakala okuncane:

Umugqa wokubuka:

• Isithiyo emkhakheni wokubona womshayeli ovimbela ukubuka kwangaphambili noma okuseceleni ngaphandle kwendawo yokusula.

Ama-Wipers:

• I-wiper blade enesici.

Isimo se-glazing:

• Ukukhanyisa, ngaphandle kwamafasitela angaphambili nangaphambili, akuhlangabezani nezidingo;
• Ingilazi eqhekekile noma eshintshile.

Windshield Washer:

• Ukungasebenzi kahle.

Izibuko noma idivayisi yokubuka ngemuva:

• Isibuko noma idivayisi ilimele kancane noma ayiphephile.

Isistimu yenkungu:

• Isistimu ayisebenzi noma inesici ngokusobala.

Ukungasebenzi kahle okuncane okuhambisana nezinkinga:

Ukukhishwa kwegesi:

• Ukuxhumeka akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kokungasebenzi kahle kwesibani sesexwayiso se-OBD;
• Ukufundwa kwesistimu ye-OBD kubonisa ukungavamile ohlelweni lokulawula ukungcola ngaphandle kokungasebenzi kahle okukhulu.

Ukufiphala:

• Ukuxhumeka akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kokungasebenzi kahle kwesibani sesexwayiso se-OBD;
• Ukufundwa kwesistimu ye-OBD kubonisa ukungavamile ohlelweni lokulawula ukungcola ngaphandle kokungasebenzi kahle okukhulu;
• Izilinganiso zokungabonakali ezingazinzile kancane.

Ukwehluleka okuncane okuhlobene nokuhlonza imoto:

Eminye imibhalo kamazisi:

• Ukungabi nawo umazisi owengeziwe;
• Ukungahambisani phakathi kamazisi owengeziwe kanye nomazisi;
• Ukungahambisani nomazisi owengeziwe.

Inombolo yesibonakaliso yemoto, i-chassis noma inombolo ye-serial:

• Amadokhumenti emoto awafundeki noma awanembile;
• Ukuhlonza okungajwayelekile;
• Ihluke kancane kumadokhumenti emoto;
• Akukho noma akutholakali.

Ipuleti lomkhiqizi:

• Akukho noma akutholakali;
• Ukungahambisani nokwehla okubandayo;
• Inombolo ayiphelele, ayifundeki noma ayihambisani namadokhumenti emoto.

Amaphutha amancane ahlobene nokukhanyisa, izisetshenziswa ezikhanyayo nezisetshenziswa zikagesi:

Amanye amadivaysi okukhanyisa noma amasignali:

• Ukubamba kahle;
• Umthombo wokukhanya onesici noma ingilazi.

Ibhethri lesevisi:

• Ukuntuleka kokuqina;
• Ukulungiswa okubi.

Izintambo (i-voltage ephansi):

• I-wiring yonakele kancane;
• I-insulation eyonakele noma egugile;
• Ukulungiswa okubi.

Izintambo eziphezulu zikagesi nezixhumi:

• Ukuwohloka;
• Ukulungiswa okubi.

Ikhebuli yokushaja:

• Ukuwohloka;
• Ukuhlola akwenziwanga.

Ibhokisi lebhethri lokudonsa:

• Ukuwohloka;
• Izimbobo zokungenisa umoya esiqwini zivaliwe.

Ukushintsha (amalambu angaphambili, amalambu angemuva, amalambu enkungu angaphambili nangemuva, amalambu omaka angaphambili, angemuva nangemuva, amalambu omaka, amalambu omaka, amalambu akhanya emini, amasignali ajikayo namahazard):

• Iswishi ayisebenzi njengoba kudingekile (inani lezibani ezikhanyiswa kanyekanye).

Ukuthobelana (amalambu amabhuleki, izibonisi ezikhanyayo, izimpawu ezibonakalayo, amapuleti angemuva, ukukhanya kwepuleti lelayisense langemuva, amalambu okupaka angemuva nangaseceleni, amalambu okupaka, amalambu okupaka, amalambu asemini kanye nezilambu eziyisibopho zesistimu yokukhanyisa):

• Isibani, idivayisi, indawo, amandla okukhanya noma izimpawu azihlangabezani nezidingo.

Ubuqotho bomhlaba:

• Ukuhlola akwenziwanga.

Idivayisi ye-Immobilizer:

• Ayisebenzi.

Imishini kagesi neye-elekthronikhi kumasekhethi kagesi aphezulu:

• Ukuwohloka.

Isimo (ama-reflector, izimpawu ezikhanyayo namapuleti angemuva):

• Isibonisi esinesici noma esilimele;
• Ukulungiswa okungalungile kwesibonisi.

Isimo nemisebenzi (idivayisi yokukhanyisa ipuleti lelayisense yangemuva):

• Ilambu likhipha ukukhanya okuqondile ngemuva;
• Ukulungiswa okungalungile kokukhanya;
• Umthombo wokukhanya unesici ngokwengxenye.

Isimo nokusebenza (ukukhanya okubuyisela emuva):

• Ingilazi enesici;
• Ukubamba kahle;
• Umthombo wokukhanya onesici.

Isimo nemisebenzi (amalambu omaka angaphambili, angemuva nangaseceleni, amalambu omaka, amalambu omaka nezibani zasemini):

• Ukulungiswa okubi.

Isimo nokusebenza (amalambu amabhuleki, izinkomba zendlela, amalambu axwayisa ngengozi, amalambu enkungu angaphambili nangemuva):

• Ingilazi yonakaliswe kancane (ayithinti ukukhanya okukhishiwe);
• Ukulungiswa okungalungile kokukhanya;
• Umthombo wokukhanya onesici.

Isimo nokusebenza (izibani zangaphambili):

• Isibani esinesici noma esilahlekile noma umthombo wokukhanya;
• Isistimu yokuqagela enesici kancane.

Isimo nokusebenza (ukuba khona kwezimpawu zokulawula kuyisibopho ohlelweni lokukhanyisa):

• Idivayisi ayisebenzi.

Imvamisa ekhanyayo:

• Isivinini se-firmware asihlangabezani nezimfuneko.

Amawasha amalambu:

• Idivayisi ayisebenzi.

Ugandaganda kanye ne-trailer:

• I-insulation eyonakele noma egugile;
• Ukugcinwa okungalungile kwezingxenye ezimile.

Ukushaja imoto:

• Ukuwohloka.

Isivikelo sesokhethi yokulayisha:

• Ukuwohloka.

Ukulungiswa (amalambu enkungu angaphambili):

• Ukuma okuvundlile okungekuhle kwelambu lenkungu langaphambili.

Ama-braids asande, okuhlanganisa nokubopha kwawo:

• Ukuwohloka.

Amaphutha amancane we-axle, isondo, isondo kanye nokulengiswa:

Ama-absorber othusayo:

• Igebe elibalulekile phakathi kwesokudla nesobunxele;
• Ukunamathiswa okungalungile kwama-absorbers ethusayo kuhlaka noma i-axle;
• Isivikelo esinesici.

Izimbazo:

• Ukuqedwa kwe-anomaly.

Ihabhu lamasondo:

• Isondo lamantongomane noma i-wheel stud ayikho noma ixega.

Amathayi:

• Ukungqubuzana noma ingozi yokuhlikihla isondo kwezinye izakhi (onogada be-splash abavumelana nezimo);
• Umfutho wesondo awujwayelekile noma awulawuleki;
• Isistimu yokuqapha ingcindezi yesondo ayisebenzi kahle noma ithayi alivuthelwe kahle ngokusobala;
• Ukugqokwa okungajwayelekile noma umzimba wangaphandle.

Amalunga ebhola amisiwe:

• Isembozo sothuli sigugile.

Amashubhu aphushayo, ama-struts, ama-wishbones nezingalo ezimisiwe:

• Ukulimala kwebhulokhi ethule exhuma ku-chassis noma i-axle.

Ukungasebenzi kahle kwemishini yokubhuleka:

Ukulawula amabhuleki okupaka:

• I-Lever shaft noma i-ratchet shaft iyagqokwa.

Imigqa yamabhuleki eqinile:

• Amapayipi angafakwanga kahle.

I-automatic braking corrector:

• Idatha ayifundeki noma ayihlangabezani nezimfuneko.

Amasilinda amabhuleki noma ama-caliper:

• Isembozo sothuli sonakalisiwe;
• Ukugqwala okukhulu;
• Ukuvuza okuncane.

Isistimu yokubhuleka ene-master cylinder booster (hydraulic systems):

• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwedivayisi yokusayina eneleveli enganele yoketshezi;
• Isibani senkomba ye-brake fluid sivuliwe noma sinesici.

Isimo kanye nokushaywa kwe-brake pedal:

• Kunzima ukukhulula ibhuleki;
• Irabha enyathela amabhuleki engekho, exegayo noma egugile noma idivayisi engasheleli.

Ama-brake hoses:

• Ukulimala, amaphuzu okungqubuzana, amapayipi ama-kinked noma amafushane kakhulu.

Ama-brake linings noma ama-pads:

• Ihhanisi likagesi elinqanyuliwe noma elilimele lenkomba yokuguga;
• Ukuguga okubalulekile.

Izici zamabhuleki esevisi:

• Ukungalingani.

Izigubhu zamabhuleki, ama-brake disc:

• I-disc noma isigubhu sigugile kancane;
• Izigubhu noma amadiski angcolile ngamafutha, amafutha, njll.

Amaphutha amancane okulawula:

Isiteringi samandla :

• Izinga loketshezi olunganele (ngaphansi kwe-MIN mark).

Isimo sendlu yamasondo:

• Isigqoko sothuli sonakalisiwe noma sigugile.

Igiya lokuqondisa noma isimo se-rack:

• Ukushoda kokuqina.

Ukudlala kokuqondisa:

• Umdlalo ongajwayelekile.

I-Ripage:

• Ukukopisha ngokweqile.

Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-Chassis kanye ne-Accessory ye-Chassis:

Ukuhlanganisa imishini nokudonsa:

• Ukuvimba ipuleti lelayisense noma ukukhanya uma lingasetshenziswa.

Eminye imishini yangaphakathi nengaphandle nokufakwa:

• Isesekeli noma izinto zokusebenza ezingafanele;
• Imishini ye-hydraulic ayivimbeli amanzi.

Ezinye izikhala:

• Ukuwohloka.

Ezinye izindawo zokuhlala e- :

• Ukuntuleka kwesihlalo ngesikhathi sokulawula;
• Izihlalo zinesici noma azithembekile (izingxenye ezisetshenziswayo).

Isimo sangaphakathi nomzimba:

• Iphaneli elimele noma into.

Isimo esijwayelekile se-chassis:

• Ukugqwala;
• ukugqwala kweCarrycot;
• Ukuguqulwa okuncane kwelungu elihlangothini noma ilungu eliphambene;
• Ukuguqulwa okuncane kombelethi;
• Ukuguqulwa okungakuvumeli ukulawula ingxenye ye-chassis.

Iziphepho zodaka, iziphepho zodaka:

• Okulahlekile, okuxekethile noma okugqwalile kakhulu;
• Hhayi ngokuhambisana nezidingo.

Izinyathelo zokufinyelela ku-cockpit:

• Isinyathelo esingaphephile noma indandatho enyathelwe.

I-Пол:

• Iphansi eliwohlokayo.

Iminyango nezibambo zeminyango:

• Isicabha, amahinge, izingidi noma amaletshi akusasebenzi.

Ithangi lamafutha nemigqa:

• Ukuntuleka kokuhlonza isilinda se-CNG;
• amapayipi abrasive;
• Ukusebenza kohlelo lwe-CNG lapho izinga likaphethiloli lingaphansi kwama-50% womthamo walo;
• Amathangi awonakele, izembozo zokuzivikela.

Isihlalo somshayeli:

• Isihlalo esinesici.

Ukwesekwa kwezimoto:

• Ukuqedwa kwe-anomaly.

Isibambi sesondo esiyisipele (uma sihlomile):

• Ukwesekwa okungamukelekile.

ukusakaza:

• Isigqoko sothuli siguge kabi.

Amapayipi okukhipha amandla nama-mufflers:

• Idivayisi ilimele ngaphandle kokuvuza noma ingozi yokuwa.

Amaphutha amancane ahlobene nezinye ihadiwe:

Isikhwama somoya :

• Ukucushwa okungalungile kwesistimu yokuvala i-airbag yabagibeli.

I-Buzzer:

• Izilawuli ezilungiswe ngokungalungile;
• Ayisebenzi kahle;
• Hhayi ngokuhambisana nezidingo.

I-odometer:

• Ukufundwa kwamamayela kuphansi kunerekhodiwe ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwangaphambilini.

Isimo samabhande ezihlalo namabhande awo:

• Ibhande lesihlalo lonakele.

Inkomba yesivinini:

• Ukukhanyisa okunganele;
• Ukukhubazeka kokusebenza;
• Hhayi ngokuhambisana nezidingo.

Idivayisi yokukhiya nokuvimbela ukweba:

• Idivayisi yokulwa nobugebengu ayisebenzi.

Unxantathu wesexwayiso :

• Akukho noma akuphelele.

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