Ithangi ОF-40
Ithangi ОF-40
Engxenyeni yesibili yama-70s, i-Italy yethula umsebenzi osebenzayo ekwakhiweni kwamamodeli ezikhali ezihlomile ngezidingo zayo kanye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Ikakhulukazi, izinkampani ze-OTO Melara ne-Fiat, ezisekelwe ethangini laseWest German Leopard-1A4, zathuthukiswa futhi kusukela ngo-1980 zakhiqizwa ngamanani amancane ukuze zithekelise e-Afrika, e-Near and Middle East, ithangi le-OF-40 (O yincwadi yokuqala. Igama lenkampani "OTO Melara", amathani angama-40 cishe isisindo sethangi). Amayunithi ethangi le-Leopard asetshenziswa kakhulu ekwakhiweni. Njengamanje, amabutho angaphansi komhlaba ase-Italy ahlome ngamathangi angaphezu kwe-1700, okungama-920 angama-West German Leopard-1, angu-300 angama-American M60A1 futhi angaba ngu-500 angama-American M47 amathangi (kuhlanganise namayunithi angu-200 agcinwe). Lezi zokugcina zathathelwa indawo yimoto entsha enesondo ye-V-1 Centaur, futhi esikhundleni samathangi e-M60A1, ekuqaleni kwawo-90s, ibutho lase-Italy lathola amathangi e-S-1 Ariite wokuklama nokukhiqiza kwawo.
Ithangi le-OF-40 elinesibhamu esiyi-105-mm esakhiwe ngu-OTO Melara. Umkhiqizi oyinhloko wezimoto ezihlomile e-Italy yi-OTO Melara. Imiyalo ehlukene ehlobene nezimoto ezihlomile ezinamasondo yenziwa ngabakwaFiat. Ukuphepha kwethangi kucishe kufane ne "Leopard-1A3", kuhlinzekwa ngomthambeko omkhulu wamapuleti angaphambili we-hull kanye ne-turret, kanye nezikrini eziseceleni zensimbi ezinobukhulu obuyi-15 mm, izikrini ze-rubber-metal zifakwe kwezinye izimoto. I-OF-40 ifakwe injini engu-10-cylinder multi-fuel diesel evela kwa-MTU enamandla angu-830 hp. Nge. ngo-2000 rpm. I-hydromechanical transmission nayo ithuthukiswa eJalimane. U-gearbox weplanethi unamagiya angu-4 ukuya phambili na-2 reverse. Injini kanye nokuhanjiswa kuhlanganiswe kube iyunithi eyodwa futhi kungashintshwa ensimini ngokhreyini ngemizuzu engama-45. Ithangi lempi elikhulu S-1 "Ariete"Ama-prototypes okuqala ayisithupha akhiwa ngo-1988 futhi anikezwa amasosha ukuze ahlolwe. Ithangi lithole igama elithi C-1 "Ariete" futhi kuhlelwe ukuthi lithathe indawo ye-M47. Ikhompathimenti yokulawula ishintshelwe ohlangothini lwe-starboard. Isihlalo somshayeli siyakwazi ukushintshwa nge-hydraulic. Kukhona amadivaysi okubuka ama-prism angu-3 ngaphambi kwe-hatch, phakathi nendawo yawo okungashintshwa kufakwe i-NVD ME5 UO / 011100 engenzi lutho. Kune-hatch ephuthumayo ngemuva kwesihlalo somshayeli. I-turret eshiselwe iphethe isibhamu se-OTO Melara esibushelelezi esingu-120 mm esine-breech eqondile. Umgqomo uqiniswe yi-autofrettage - ubude bawo buyi-44 calibers, ine-casing evikela ukushisa kanye ne-ejection purge. Ngokudubula, izinhlamvu ezijwayelekile zaseMelika nezaseJalimane zokubhoboza izikhali ezinezimpaphe ezingaphansi (APP505) kanye nezinhlamvu ze-cumulative-high-explosive multi-purpose (NEAT-MR) zingasetshenziswa. Izinhlamvu ezifanayo zikhiqizwa e-Italy. Izibhamu ezingama-42 imijikelezo, ezingama-27 zazo zitholakala kwesokunxele somshayeli, 15 - ku-aft niche yombhoshongo, ngemuva kokuhlukaniswa kwezikhali. Amaphaneli okukhipha afakwe ngaphezu kwale rack yezinhlamvu ophahleni lombhoshongo, futhi odongeni lwesobunxele lombhoshongo kune-hatch yokugcwalisa izinhlamvu nokukhipha ama-cartridges asetshenzisiwe.
Ithangi lempi elikhulu C-1 "Ariete" Isibhamu sizinzile ezindizeni ezimbili, ama-engeli aso akhomba endizeni eqondile asuka ku--9 ° kuya ku-+20 °, ama-drive okuguqula i-turret nokukhomba isibhamu, asetshenziswa umdubuli nomkhuzi, ama-electro-hydraulic nge. ukubhala ngesandla. Isibhamu somshini esingu-7,62 mm sibhangqwe nenganono. Isibhamu somshini esifanayo sifakwe ngaphezu kwe-hatch yomlawuli kumbeleko olinganiselayo entwasahlobo, okuvumela ukudluliswa okusheshayo endizeni enezingqimba kanye nesiqondiso ebangeni lama-engeli ukusuka ku- -9 ° kuya ku- + 65 ° ngokuqondile. Uhlelo lokulawula umlilo i-TUIM 5 (i-tank universal reconfigurable reconfigurable modular system) inguqulo eguquliwe yohlelo olulodwa lokulawula umlilo olwakhiwe ngu-Offisine Galileo ukuze lusetshenziswe ezimotweni zokulwa ezintathu ezihlukene - umbhubhisi wethangi onamasondo we-B1 Centaur, ithangi elikhulu le-S-1 Ariete ” kanye nemoto yokulwa ne-USS-80. Uhlelo lokulawula ithangi luhlanganisa izinto ezizinzile zomphathi (i-panoramic yosuku) kanye nesibhamu (i-periscope yemini / yasebusuku ene-laser rangefinder), ikhompuyutha ye-ballistic ye-electronic enesistimu yezinzwa, idivayisi yokubuyisana, amaphaneli okulawula umkhuzi, umdubuli kanye nesilayishi. Kunama-periscopes angu-8 afakwe endaweni yokusebenza yomphathi ukuze abonakale nxazonke. Ukubona kwayo okuyinhloko kunokukhuliswa okuguquguqukayo kusuka ku-2,5x kuya ku-10x; phakathi nokusebenza ebusuku, isithombe esishisayo esivela emehlweni oshayasibhamu sidluliselwa kumqaphi okhethekile womkhuzi. Kanye nenkampani yaseFrance i-5P1M, kwasungulwa umbono ofakwe ophahleni lwethangi. Izici zokusebenza kwethangi lempi elikhulu C-1 "Ariete"
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Ngemva kweMpi Yezwe Yesibili, i-Italy yayingenalo ilungelo lokukhiqiza izikhali ezinzima. Ukuba yilungu elisebenzayo le-NATO kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zokudalwa kwayo, i-Italy yathola amathangi avela e-United States. Kusukela ngo-1954, amathangi e-American M47 Patton abesebenza nebutho lase-Italy. Ngawo-1960, amathangi e-M60A1 athengwa, futhi angu-200 alawa mathangi akhiqizwa e-Italy ngu-OTO Melara ngaphansi kwelayisensi futhi asetshenziswa nesigaba sezempi sase-Ariete (Taran). Ngaphezu kwamathangi, abathwali baseMelika abahlomile i-M113 baphinde bakhiqizwa ngaphansi kwelayisensi yamabutho ase-Italy angaphansi komhlaba kanye nokuthekelisa. Ngo-1970, kwasayinwa isivumelwano sokuthengwa kwe-FRG yamathangi angama-920 Leopard-1, angama-200 awo alethwa ngokuqondile ku-FRG, kanti amanye akhiqizwa ngaphansi kwelayisensi yiqembu lezinkampani zezimboni e-Italy. Ukukhiqizwa kwaleli qoqo lamathangi kwaqedwa ngo-1978. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkampani ye-OTO Melara yathola futhi yaqeda umyalo ovela ebuthweni lase-Italy lokukhiqizwa kwezimoto zokulwa ezihlomile ezisekelwe ethangini le-Leopard-1 (izingqimba zebhuloho, ama-ARV, izimoto zobunjiniyela).
