Isibani senkomba sizokutshela iqiniso. Zisho ukuthini izithonjana kudeshibhodi?
Amalambu ku-dashboard awahlali ekhombisa ukuthi kukhona okuthusayo okwenzeka emotweni yethu, amanye awo anolwazi ngendalo. Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukukwazi ukufunda ukubaluleka kwezilawuli zomuntu ngamunye, ngoba ngenxa yalokhu ngeke sibe nokungabaza mayelana nendlela yokuziphatha lapho enye yazo iboniswa, futhi ukusabela okulungile kuzogwema ukwehluleka okukhulu.
Umsebenzi wabanikazi bezimoto zakamuva ezifakwe amakhompyutha asebhodini wenziwa lula. Umlayezo ovame kakhulu esikrinini sekhompyutha ukukutshela ukuthi isibani senkomba sivuliwe. Hhayi-ke, bangaki abashayeli ezweni lakithi abanezimoto ezinjalo? Ngempela, ePoland, izimoto zineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-15 ubudala, futhi esimweni sezimoto "zenkathi edlule", incwadi yeziqondiso inikeze usizo ekuchazeni izilawuli.
Kumshayeli, izibani ezibomvu zokuxwayisa yizona ezibaluleke kakhulu. Akufanele zithathwe kancane, ngoba zikhombisa ukuwohloka kwezimoto. Khona-ke akufanele siqhubeke sihamba. Esimweni esinjalo, kungcono ukubiza usizo noma ukuya esikhungweni sesevisi esiseduze.
Esinye sezimpawu eziyisixwayiso ezibaluleke kakhulu uphawu lwesihlangu esinemihlathi kanye nephuzu lesibabazo ngaphakathi. Inesibopho sebhuleki elisizayo futhi kufanele liphume ngokushesha lapho likhishwa. Kodwa-ke, uma le nkomba ikhanya ngenkathi ushayela noma ingacimi nhlobo, lokhu kungase kube umyalezo mayelana nesidingo sokugcwalisa uketshezi lwamabhuleki noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwesistimu yamabhuleki. Okubaluleke ngokulinganayo inkomba ene-oiler, ekhombisa izinga likawoyela eliphansi kakhulu noma ukusetshenziswa kwayo ngokweqile. Esimweni esinjalo, kufanele ucime injini ngokushesha, wengeze uwoyela wenjini bese uyisa imoto enkonzweni ukuze uthole imbangela yokuvuza noma ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela ngokweqile ukuze ungalimazi injini.
Isibonisi sebhethri sisitshelani? Lokhu akusho ukuthi ibhethri lethu lifile. Ngokuvamile lesi yisixwayiso mayelana nokushajwa kwebhethri okungafanele, okungabangelwa, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ngenxa yokushelela kwebhande le-V noma i-tensioner egugile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho uphawu lwethermometer lukhanya kudeshibhodi yethu, kusho ukuthi izinga lokushisa elipholile liphezulu kakhulu noma alikho. Khona-ke udinga ukumisa imoto ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, cisha injini, engeza uketshezi olulahlekile bese uya enkonzweni ukuze ochwepheshe bahlole i-radiator kanye nokuqina kwezinye izakhi zesistimu yokupholisa.
Ukukhanya kwesondo lokuqondisa nakho kubaluleke kakhulu. Uma kunjalo, inkinga isesiteringini samandla. Uma kwenzeka iphutha elinjena kumele siyeke ukushayela ngoba libeka engcupheni ukuphepha kwethu. Kulokhu, kokubili i-gearbox kanye nepompo yokuqondisa amandla kufanele ihlolwe ngumnyango wesevisi.
Ama-airbag nawo abaluleke kakhulu ekuphepheni kwabahambi. Uma ilambu eliyisixwayiso lingacimi imizuzwana embalwa ukhiye uvuliwe, kuboshwe amabhande esihlalo somgibeli nesondo ngakwesokunxele, lokhu kuxwayisa ngokungasebenzi kahle ohlelweni lwe-airbag. Ungakwazi ukushayela nalokhu kungasebenzi, kodwa khumbula ukuthi uma kwenzeka ingozi noma umthelela, enye yama-airbag ngeke isebenze.
Iqembu lesibili liqukethe izinkomba zemvelo yolwazi nesixwayiso (imvamisa ephuzi) - ikhombisa inkinga. Ukushayela nalokhu kukhanya okuyisixwayiso kungenzeka, kodwa ukukuziba kungase kubangele izinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu. Enye yezibani eziphuzi ezibaluleke kakhulu ifana... nendiza engujekamanzi futhi ikhombisa inkinga ngenjini (Hlola injini). Ngokuvamile ukukhanya lapho iyunithi isebenzisa uphethiloli wekhwalithi ephansi, kodwa ingase futhi ibangelwe isihlungi sikaphethiloli esingcolile noma esifriziwe noma ukungasebenzi kahle ohlelweni lomjovo. Ngemva kokukhanyisa kwalokhu kukhanya, injini ingasebenza esimweni esiphuthumayo futhi ngemva kwalokho izosebenza ngamandla aphansi kakhulu. Esimweni esinjalo, udinga ukuya esikhungweni sesevisi ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ngaphandle kwalokho indaba ingase iphele ekulungiseni injini ebizayo. Izimoto zikadizili nazo zinelambu lekhoyili eliphuzi. Uma ivuliwe noma ibaneka, ngokuvamile kusho ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokushintsha amapulaki akhanyayo.
Umfutho wesenzo esisheshayo kufanele kube ukukhanya kwenkomba enegama elithi ABS. Lokhu kukhombisa ukwehluleka kwalolu hlelo kanye nokwenzeka kokuvimba amasondo ngesikhathi sokubhuleka. Uma uphawu lwebhuleki lesandla lukhanya kuphaneli yensimbi kanye nalesi sibani esiyisixwayiso, lokhu kuwuphawu lokuthi isistimu yokusabalalisa amandla amabhuleki ingase ingasebenzi, okungaba yingozi kakhulu ngenkathi ushayela. Ukuphepha kwethu kuqinisekiswa nohlelo lokuzinzisa ithrekhi. Uma inkomba ye-ESP (noma i-ESC, i-DCS, i-VCS - kuye ngomkhiqizi) ikhanya lapho i-clutch ivuliwe, lokhu kuyisignali yokuthi uhlelo lusebenza kahle. Kodwa-ke, uma ilambu eliyisixwayiso livuliwe, yisikhathi sokusevisa isistimu yosizo lokushayela nge-elekthronikhi.
Ungakwazi futhi ukubona isibani esiyindilinga esinamasemicircle enamachashazi maphakathi nedeshibhodi. Ibonisa izinga eliphezulu lokugqoka i-brake pad, ngakho-ke isidingo sokuwashintsha, ngoba. ukusebenza kahle kwamabhuleki kuleli cala kungaba ngaphansi kakhulu. Uma sibona ukuthi inkomba yokulahlekelwa kwesondo iyakhanyiswa, kufanele nakanjani sihlole isimo samathayi, kodwa ngokuvamile kwenzeka ukuthi lokhu "i-alamu yamanga" futhi kwanele ukusetha kabusha inkomba kukhompuyutha ebhodini. Lokhu kungenzeka, isibonelo, ngemva koshintsho lwesondo lonyaka.
Iqembu lesithathu liqukethe izilawuli ezifundisayo eziboniswa ngokuluhlaza. Zibonisa ukuthi yimiphi imisebenzi noma izindlela ezisebenzayo, njenge-dipped beam, cruise control noma ukushayela kumodi yomnotho. Ukubukeka kwabo akudingi sinyathelo somshayeli. “Ukukhanyisa isibani esiyisixwayiso noma umlayezo wephutha ophuma kukhompyutha esebhodini kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi kuthathwe ngokungathi sína, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi imilayezo enjalo ivela naphezu kokusebenza kahle kwamasistimu emotweni. Kodwa-ke, amaphutha anokubaluleka okuhlukile, ngakho-ke imiphumela yokungaziba isignali yephutha nayo izohluka. Ezinye zingase zibe nomthelela wezezimali kuphela kithi, kanti ezinye zingathinta ukuphepha kwethu. Futhi lokhu akufanele kuthathwe kancane,” kweluleka uRadoslav Jaskulsky waseSkoda Driving School.
