Ingabe kufanele ngisebenzise amafutha emoto nge-molybdenum?

Kukhona kokubili ukubuyekezwa okuhle nokubi mayelana namafutha emoto ane-molybdenum. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi lesi sengezo sinikeza amafutha izimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu. Abanye bathi i-molybdenum ichitha injini. Kanti abanye bakholwa wukuthi ukukhulunywa ngokuba khona kwale nsimbi ekwakhiweni kukawoyela kumane kuyisu lokumaketha futhi uwoyela onawo awehlukile kuzo zonke ezinye.

Iyiphi i-molybdenum esetshenziswa emafutheni emoto

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi i-molybdenum ehlanzekile ayikaze isetshenziswe emafutheni. Kusetshenziswa i-molybdenum disulfide (molybdenite) enefomula yamakhemikhali ethi MOS2 kuphela - i-athomu eyodwa ye-molybdenum ehlanganiswe nama-athomu amabili esibabule. Ngokwesimo sangempela, iyimpushana emnyama, eshelelayo uma uyithinta, njengegraphite. Ushiya uphawu ephepheni. "Amafutha ane-molybdenum" ibinzana elivamile ekuphileni kwansuku zonke, ukuze ungabi yinkimbinkimbi inkulumo ngamagama amakhemikhali.

Izinhlayiya ze-Molybdenite zisesimweni sama-flakes amancane anezakhiwo eziyingqayizivele zokugcoba. Lapho zishayisana, ziyashibilika, okunciphisa ukungqubuzana kakhulu.

Yiziphi izinzuzo ze-molybdenum

I-Molybdenite yakha ifilimu ezingxenyeni zokungqubuzana zenjini, ngezinye izikhathi ezinezingqimba eziningi, izivikela ekugugeni futhi isebenza njenge-ejenti elwa nokubanjwa.

Ukuyengeza emafutheni emoto kunikeza izinzuzo eziningi ezibalulekile:

• ngokunciphisa ukungqubuzana, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kuncipha kakhulu;
• injini ihamba kancane futhi ithule;
• uma isetshenziswa ngamafutha e-viscosity aphezulu, lesi sengezo singase, isikhathi esifushane, kodwa sandise impilo yenjini egugile ngaphambi kokulungiswa kabusha.

Lezi zakhiwo ezimangalisayo ze-molybdenite zatholwa ososayensi kanye nemishini engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu lama-20. Kakade ngeMpi Yezwe Yesibili, lesi sengezo sasisetshenziswa imishini yezempi Wehrmacht. Ngenxa yefilimu ye-molybdenite ezingxenyeni ezibucayi zokugaya izinjini, isibonelo, ithangi lingahamba isikhathi esithile ngisho nangemva kokulahlekelwa amafutha. Le ngxenye iphinde yasetshenziswa ezindizeni ezinophephela emhlane ze-US Army, nakwezinye izindawo eziningi.

Lapho i-Molybdenum ingaba yingozi

Uma lesi sengezo sinama-pluses kuphela, khona-ke bekungeke kube nesizathu sokukhuluma ngamaphuzu amabi. Nokho, zikhona izizathu ezinjalo.

I-Molybdenum, kuhlanganise nokwakhiwa kwe-disulfide, iqala ukuxubha emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kuka-400C. Kulesi simo, ama-molecule e-oksijini ayengezwa kuma-molecule e-sulfure, futhi kwakhiwa izinto ezintsha ngokuphelele ezinezakhiwo ezahlukene.

Isibonelo, phambi kwama-molecule amanzi, i-sulfuric acid ingakhiwa, ebhubhisa izinsimbi. Ngaphandle kwamanzi, kwakhiwa ama-carbide compounds, angakwazi ukufakwa ezingxenyeni ezihlala njalo, kodwa angafakwa ezindaweni ezingenalutho zeqembu le-piston. Ngenxa yalokho, ukupheka izindandatho ze-piston, i-scuffing yesibuko se-piston, ukwakheka kwe-slag ngisho nokuhluleka kwenjini kungenzeka.

Lokhu kusekelwa ucwaningo lwesayensi:

• Ukusebenzisa i-TEOST MHT ukuze Uhlole I-Oxidation Eyisisekelo ku-Low Phosphorus Engine Oils (STLE);
• Ukuhlaziywa Kwendlela Yokwenza Idiphozithi ku-TEOST 33 C Ngamafutha Enjini Aqukethe i-Mo DTC;
• Ukuthuthukisa Umnotho Wamafutha nge-MoDTC ngaphandle Kokwenyusa Idiphozithi ye-TEOST33C.

Njengomphumela walezi zifundo, kuye kwafakazelwa ukuthi i-molybdenum disulfide, ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, isebenza njenge-catalyst yokwakhiwa kwediphozi ye-carbide.

Ngakho-ke, amafutha anesengezo esinjalo akunconywa ukuthi asetshenziswe ezinjini lapho izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo endaweni yamathumba lingaphezu kwama-degree angu-400.

Abakhiqizi bazazi kahle izici zezinjini zabo. Ngakho-ke, banikeza izincomo mayelana nokuthi yimaphi amafutha okufanele asetshenziswe. Uma kukhona ukuvinjelwa kokusetshenziswa kwamafutha anezithako ezinjalo, akufanele zisetshenziswe.

Futhi, uwoyela onjalo ungadlala isevisi embi kunoma iyiphi injini uma ushise ngaphezu kuka-400C.

I-Molybdenite iyinto ephikisana nokucindezeleka kwemishini. Akujwayele ukufiphala nokufiphala. Kodwa-ke, uwoyela we-molybdenum akufanele weqe imayela elinconyiwe lomkhiqizi ngoba isitokwe esiyinhloko nezinye izithasiselo kungase kube inkinga.

Ungathola kanjani mayelana nokuba khona kwe-molybdenum emafutheni enjini

Ngokuncintisana okushubile emakethe kawoyela wezimoto, akekho umkhiqizi ozomosha ibhizinisi lakhe ngokwengeza izithasiselo eziyingozi emafutheni. Futhi, akekho umkhiqizi ozodalula ukwakheka kwamafutha abo ngokugcwele, ngoba lokhu kuyimfihlo yezimboni engathi sína. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi i-molybdenite ikhona ngamanani ahlukene emafutheni avela kubakhiqizi abahlukene.

Umthengi olula akadingi ukuyisa amafutha elabhorethri ukuze abone ukuba khona kwe-molybdenum. Ngokwakho, ukuba khona kwayo kunganqunywa umbala wamafutha. I-Molybdenite iyimpunga emnyama noma impushana emnyama futhi inikeza amafutha umbala omnyama.

Kusukela esikhathini se-USSR, imithombo yezinjini zezimoto iye yanda izikhathi eziningana. Futhi ukufaneleka kulokhu akuzona kuphela abakhiqizi bezimoto, kodwa futhi nabadali bamafutha anamuhla. Ukusebenzisana kwamafutha anezithasiselo ezahlukene kanye nezingxenye zemoto kufundwa ngomqondo ongokoqobo ezingeni lama-athomu. Umkhiqizi ngamunye ulwela ukuba ngongcono kakhulu ekulweni okunzima komthengi. Ukuqamba okusha kuyadalwa. Isibonelo, esikhundleni se-molybdenum, i-tungsten disulfide isetshenziswa. Ngakho-ke, umbhalo othakazelisayo othi "Molybdenum" uyindlela yokuthengisa engenabungozi. Futhi umsebenzi womshicileli wemoto ukuthenga amafutha oqobo (hhayi amanga) kumkhiqizi onconyiwe.