Isilinganiso sokucindezela kanye nenombolo ye-octane kaphethiloli
Okuqukethwe
Isilinganiso sokucindezela - ukumelana nokuzishisa
Isilinganiso somzimba wevolumu ephelele yesilinda ngesikhathi i-piston isendaweni efile kuya kumthamo wokusebenza wegumbi elivuthayo langaphakathi ibonakala ngenani lokucindezela (CL). Inkomba ichazwa ngenani elingenasici. Ezokushayela ngophethiloli kungu-8–12, kokushayela ngodizili kungu-14–18. Ukwandisa ipharamitha kwandisa amandla, ukusebenza kahle kwenjini, futhi kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli. Kodwa-ke, amanani aphezulu e-CV anyusa ubungozi bokuzishisela ingxube evuthayo ngengcindezi ephezulu. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, uphethiloli onenkomba ephezulu yokupholisa kufanele futhi ube nokumelana nokungqongqoza okuphezulu - inombolo ye-octane (OC).
Isilinganiso se-octane - ukumelana nokungqongqoza
Ukusha kukaphethiloli ngaphambi kwesikhathi kuhambisana nokungqongqoza okuyisici okubangelwa amaza okuqhuma ngaphakathi kwesilinda. Umphumela ofanayo ungenxa yokumelana okuphansi kwephethiloli ye-liquid ukuzishisa ngesikhathi sokucindezela. Ukumelana nokungqongqoza kubonakala ngenombolo ye-octane, futhi ingxube ye-n-heptane ne-isooctane yakhethwa njengereferensi. Amabanga ezohwebo kaphethiloli anevelu ye-octane endaweni engu-70–98, ehambisana nephesenti le-isooctane ekuhlanganisweni. Ukwandisa le pharamitha, izithasiselo ezikhethekile zokulungisa i-octane zingeniswa engxubeni - ama-esters, ama-alcohol, kanye ne-ethylates yensimbi enzima kakhulu. Kunobudlelwano phakathi kwesilinganiso sokucindezela kanye nohlobo lukaphethiloli:
- Endabeni ye-CV engaphansi kwe-10, i-AI-92 isetshenziswa.
- I-AI-10 iyadingeka ku-SJ 12–95.
- Uma i-CV ingu-12–14 - AI-98.
- Nge-CV elingana no-14, uzodinga i-AI-98.
Ngenjini ejwayelekile ye-carbureted, i-SOL cishe i-11,1. Kulokhu, i-OC elungile ingu-95. Nokho, i-methanol isetshenziswa kwezinye izinhlobo zokugijima zezimoto. I-SD kulesi sibonelo ifinyelela ku-15, futhi i-OC iyahlukahluka kusuka ku-109 kuya ku-140.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-octane ephansi kaphethiloli
Incwadi yemoto ikhombisa uhlobo lwenjini kanye nophethiloli onconywayo. Ukusetshenziswa kwengxube evuthayo ene-OC ephansi kuholela ekushisweni kukaphethiloli ngaphambi kwesikhathi futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukucekelwa phansi kwezakhi zesakhiwo semoto.
Kubalulekile futhi ukuqonda ukuthi yiluphi uhlelo lokuhlinzeka ngophethiloli olusetshenziswayo. Ohlotsheni lwemishini (i-carburetor), ukuhambisana nezidingo ze-OC ne-SJ kuyimpoqo. Endabeni yesistimu ezenzakalelayo noma yomjovo, ingxube ye-air-fuel ilungiswa nge-elekthronikhi. Ingxube kaphethiloli igcwele noma iqedwe kumanani e-OCH adingekayo, futhi injini isebenza ngokujwayelekile.
Amafutha e-octane aphezulu
I-AI-92 ne-AI-95 yimikhiqizo esetshenziswa kakhulu. Uma ugcwalisa ithangi, isibonelo, nge-95 esikhundleni se-92nd enconyiwe, ngeke kube khona umonakalo omkhulu. Amandla kuphela azokhuphuka ngaphakathi kwe-2-3%. Uma ugcwalisa imoto nge-92 esikhundleni se-95 noma i-98, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kuzokwanda, futhi amandla azokwehla. Izimoto zesimanje ezinomjovo we-elekthronikhi zilawula ukuhlinzekwa kwengxube evuthayo nomoya-mpilo futhi ngaleyo ndlela zivikele injini emiphumeleni engathandeki.
Ithebula lesilinganiso sokucindezela kanye nenombolo ye-octane
Ukumelana nokungqongqoza kukaphethiloli wezimoto kunobudlelwano obuqondile nesilinganiso sokucindezela, esivezwa etafuleni elingezansi.
| WOZA | SJ |
| 72 | 6,8-7,0 |
| 76 | 7,2-7,5 |
| 80 | 8,0-9,0 |
| 91 | 9,0 |
| 92 | 9,1-9,2 |
| 93 | 9,3 |
| 95 | 10,5-12 |
| 98 | 12-14 |
| 100 | Bangaphezu kuka-14 |
isiphetho
Uphethiloli wezimoto ubonakala ngezici ezimbili eziyinhloko - ukumelana nokungqongqoza kanye nesilinganiso sokucindezela. Uma i-SO iphezulu, kudingeka i-OC eyengeziwe. Ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli onenani eliphansi noma eliphakeme lokungaguquguquki ezimotweni zesimanje ngeke kulimaze injini, kodwa kuzothinta amandla nokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli.
