Imibono emidala yesimiso sonozungezilanga yashabalala yaba uthuli
Kukhona ezinye izindaba ezixoxwa ngamatshe esimiso sonozungezilanga. Ngobusuku Bangaphambi Kukancibijane kusukela ngo-2015 kuya ku-2016, i-meteor engu-1,6 kg yashaya eduze kwaseKatya Tanda Lake Air e-Australia. Ososayensi bakwazile ukuyilandelela nokuyithola ezindaweni eziwugwadule ngenxa yenethiwekhi entsha yamakhamera ebizwa ngokuthi i-Desert Fireball Network, enamakhamera aqaphayo angu-32 ahlakazeke ezindaweni ezisemaphandleni zase-Australia.
Iqembu lososayensi lathola i-meteorite egqitshwe odakeni oluwugqinsi lukasawoti - indawo eyomile yechibi yaqala ukuphenduka udaka ngenxa yemvula. Ngemva kokucwaninga kokuqala, ososayensi bathi lokhu cishe kuyi-stone chondrite meteorite - impahla engaba yiminyaka eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-4 nengxenye, okungukuthi, isikhathi sokwakheka kwesimiso sethu sonozungezilanga. Ukubaluleka kwe-meteorite kubalulekile ngoba ngokuhlaziya umugqa wokuwa kwento, singakwazi ukuhlaziya umjikelezo wayo futhi sithole ukuthi uvelaphi. Lolu hlobo lwedatha luhlinzeka ngolwazi olubalulekile lwesimo socwaningo lwangomuso.
Okwamanje, ososayensi bathole ukuthi i-meteor indize emhlabeni isuka ezindaweni eziphakathi kweMars neJupiter. Kukholelwa futhi ukuthi indala kunoMhlaba. Ukutholakala akusivumeli nje kuphela ukuthi siqonde ukuziphendukela kwemvelo Uhlelo lwelanga - Ukungena ngempumelelo kwe-meteorite kunikeza ithemba lokuthola amatshe amaningi esikhala ngendlela efanayo. Imigqa yamandla kazibuthe yayinqamula ifu lothuli negesi elalizungeza ilanga elake lazalwa. Ama-Chondrules, okusanhlamvu okuyindilinga (izakhiwo ze-geological) zama-olivine nama-pyroxenes, ahlakazekile endabeni ye-meteorite esiyitholile, alondoloze irekhodi lalezi zinsimu zamagnetic zasendulo.
Izilinganiso zaselabhorethri ezinembe kakhulu zibonisa ukuthi isici esiyinhloko esashukumisa ukwakheka kwesimiso sonozungezilanga kwakungamagagasi kazibuthe okwethuka efwini lothuli negesi elizungeze ilanga elisanda kwakhiwa. Futhi lokhu akwenzekanga endaweni eseduze yenkanyezi encane, kodwa kakhulu - lapho ibhande le-asteroid likhona namuhla. Iziphetho ezinjalo ezivela ocwaningweni lwama-meteorite asendulo kakhulu futhi asendulo ama-chondrites, eyanyatheliswa ngasekupheleni konyaka odlule ephephabhukwini Isayensi ngososayensi abavela eMassachusetts Institute of Technology nase-Arizona State University.
Ithimba labacwaningi bamazwe ngamazwe likhiphe ulwazi olusha mayelana nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali othuli olusanhlamvu olwakha isimiso sonozungezilanga eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-4,5 edlule, hhayi emfucumfucwini yakudala, kodwa kusetshenziswa ukulingisa kwekhompyutha okuthuthukisiwe. Abacwaningi baseSwinburne University of Technology eMelbourne naseYunivesithi yaseLyon eFrance baye benza imephu enezinhlangothi ezimbili yokwakheka kwamakhemikhali othuli olwakha i-nebula yelanga. idiski yothuli azungeze ilanga elincane lapho amaplanethi akha khona.
Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu bekulindeleke ukuthi libe seduze nelanga elincane, kanti ama-voltage (njengeqhwa ne-sulfur compounds) bekulindeleke ukuba abe kude nelanga, lapho amazinga okushisa ephansi. Amabalazwe amasha adalwe ithimba labacwaningi abonise ukusatshalaliswa kwamakhemikhali okuyinkimbinkimbi kothuli, lapho izinhlanganisela eziguquguqukayo zaziseduze neLanga, futhi lezo okufanele ngabe zitholakala lapho nazo zahlala kude nenkanyezi encane.
UJupiter ungumbungazi ovelele
9. Umfanekiso Wethiyori Ye-Jupiter Efudukayo
Umqondo oshiwo ngaphambili we-Jupiter encane ehambayo ungase uchaze ukuthi kungani kungekho amaplanethi phakathi kweLanga neMercury nokuthi kungani iplanethi eseduze neLanga incane kangaka. Umnyombo weJupiter kungenzeka wakheka eduze neLanga wabe usuzulazula endaweni lapho amaplanethi anamadwala akheka khona (9). Kungenzeka ukuthi i-Jupiter esencane, njengoba yayihamba, yamunca ezinye zezinto ezingaba izinto zokwakha amaplanethi anamadwala, futhi yaphonsa enye ingxenye emkhathini. Ngakho-ke, ukuthuthukiswa kwamaplanethi angaphakathi kwakunzima - ngenxa nje yokuntuleka kwezinto zokusetshenziswa., wabhala usosayensi weplanethi uSean Raymond kanye nozakwabo esihlokweni se-inthanethi sangoMashi 5. ezincwadini zezaziso zanyanga zonke zeRoyal Astronomical Society.
URaymond nethimba lakhe bagijimisa ukulingisa kwekhompuyutha ukuze babone ukuthi kuzokwenzekani kwabangaphakathi Uhlelo lwelangauma umzimba onesisindo sobuningi bomhlaba obuthathu ubukhona ku-orbit ye-Mercury bese uthuthela ngaphandle kwesistimu. Kwavela ukuthi uma into enjalo ingafuduki ngokushesha noma kancane kakhulu, ingasusa izifunda zangaphakathi ze-disk yegesi nothuli ebese izungeza iLanga, futhi izoshiya kuphela izinto ezanele zokwakheka kwamaplanethi anamadwala.
Abacwaningi baphinde bathola ukuthi i-Jupiter encane yayingabangela umgogodla wesibili owakhishwa yiLanga ngesikhathi sokufuduka kweJupiter. Le nucleus yesibili ingaba yinzalo okwazalelwa kuyo uSaturn. Amandla adonsela phansi e-Jupiter nawo angadonsa izinto eziningi ebhandeni le-asteroid. URaymond uphawula ukuthi isimo esinjalo singachaza ukwakheka kwama-meteorite ensimbi, ososayensi abaningi abakholelwa ukuthi kufanele akhe eduze neLanga.
Kodwa-ke, ukuze i-proto-Jupiter enjalo ithuthele ezindaweni ezingaphandle zesimiso samaplanethi, inhlanhla eningi iyadingeka. Ukusebenzisana kwamandla adonsela phansi namagagasi azungezayo kudiski elizungeze iLanga kungasheshisa iplanethi enjalo ngaphandle nangaphakathi kwesimiso sonozungezilanga. Ijubane, ibanga kanye nendlela iplanethi ezohamba ngayo kuncike ebuningini obufana nezinga lokushisa nokuminyana kwediski. Ukulingiswa kukaRaymond nozakwabo kusebenzisa idiski eyenziwe lula kakhulu, futhi akufanele kube khona ifu langempela elizungeze ilanga.
