Ukunciphisa nokuhamba kwesikhathi. Iyiphi injini ongayikhetha ukuze ungalahlekelwa yimali

Emhlabeni wanamuhla wezimoto, izinjini zikaphethiloli ezine-turbocharged ezinamandla amancane uma kuqhathaniswa ziyisici sezimoto ezisezingeni eliphezulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngenxa ye-turbocharger, amandla amaningi atholakala ngenkathi kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli. Kulesi sihloko, sizogxila ekukhetheni kwe-subcompact powertrains okufanele uyiqaphele lapho uzifunela imoto esetshenzisiwe, kanye nalezo ezigwenywa kangcono.

Izinjini ezinconyiwe:

1.2 Ubuchwepheshe obuhlanzekile (PSA)

Le njini iyisibonelo esihle kakhulu sokuthi ukwehlisa izinga kungahambisana kanjani nesikhathi. Abasebenzisi nezimishini batusa lo mklamo ngokuhlala isikhathi eside okungaphezu kwesilinganiso nokusebenzisa uphethiloli okuphansi. Isiko lomsebenzi nalo lihle, naphezu komklamo wamasilinda amathathu. Injini ingatholakala ezinhlobonhlobo ze-130 hp, kanye ne-110 hp, i-75 hp ehlukile. kanye 82hp

Izinguqulo ezibuthakathaka zinokujova okuningana futhi azikho i-turbocharger, okuzoba yinzuzo yangempela kwabanye abasebenzisi. Izinguqulo ezifiselekayo ngokwemvelo zangena emakethe ngo-2012, kanye nama-turbocharged ngo-2014. Idrayivu inesisindo esincane, ukungqubuzana okuncishisiwe kwangaphakathi kanye nesistimu yokupholisa enezigaba ezimbili. Ambalwa amaphutha athinta, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ibhande elisizayo kanye ne-crankshaft evuzayo. Injini ingatholakala, phakathi kokunye, kuPeugeot 308 II noma kuCitroen C4 Cactus.

1.0 MPI / TSI EA211 (Volkswagen)

Lena iphrojekthi evela emndenini wezinjini ezimakwe ngekhodi EA211. Iyunithi inamasilinda ama-3 futhi iyatholakala ngenguqulo yemvelo efisayo (MPI). Ekushayeleni isikhathi, umenzi usebenzise ibhande elishibhile neliqinile (ngokumangazayo) uma liqhathaniswa namadizayini amadala aqhutshwa ngamaketanga (EA111). Injini ngaphandle kwe-turbocharger ingatholakala, isibonelo, ku-VW Polo, i-Seat Ibiza noma i-Skoda Fabia. Ivele emakethe ngo-2011 futhi ithuthukisa amandla kusuka ku-60 kuya ku-75 hp. I-dynamics yayo isezingeni elamukelekayo.

Abasebenzisi bathi lena injini ekahle yokuhambahamba edolobheni. Emgwaqeni, kungase kungabi namandla anele, ikakhulukazi uma udlula. Omakhenikha babike izinkinga ngepompo epholisayo njengoba ingaguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi, nakuba lokhu akuyona inkinga evamile. Injini inedumela lokuqina. Injini yeSupercharged 1.0 (TSI) isiqalile ukukhiqizwa kusukela ngo-2014 futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu kuVolkswagen Group compact class model njenge-Audi A3, VW Golf neSkoda Octavia noma iRapid (kusukela ngo-2017). Le njini kaphethiloli ene-turbocharged iwumthombo osebenza kahle futhi owongayo wokuqhuba imoto onganconywa ngonembeza omsulwa.

1.4 TSI EA211 (Volkswagen)

Izinjini ezithuthukisiwe, eziqokwe i-EA211, nazo zinenjini engu-1.4L. Injini inomjovo oqondile kanye ne-turbocharger, kanti kwezinye izinhlobo iphinde ibe ne-cylinder deactivation system ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli. Isistimu yokupholisa nayo ishintshiwe. Amanye amayunithi angu-1.4 TSI afakwe efekthri ye-CNG.

Bheka futhi: izincwadi zokushayela. Isigaba B kanye nokudonsa kwe-trailer

Ngokusho koomakhenikha, imoto ayishibhile ukuyisebenzisa, nakuba izindleko zokuyilungisa zingaphakathi kwemingcele enengqondo. Kuze kube manje, abasebenzisi ababonisi ukungasebenzi kahle okukhulu okuphindayo. Idrayivu ifakwe ku-Seat Leon III noma i-VW Golf VII.

I-Honda 1.2 / 1.3 l (Honda)

Uma uphequlula amadili ezimoto ezisetshenzisiwe, kuvamile ukuthola amamodeli e-Honda akhethiwe anenjini engu-1.2 noma engu-1.3 ngaphansi kwesivalo. Lena imiklamo ephumelela kakhulu ezokhonza umnikazi wesikhathi esizayo iminyaka eminingi. Kule phrojekthi, i-Honda yanquma ukusebenzisa isixazululo esingavamile, okungukuthi, isikhathi eside, izithuthuthu ze-L-series zazinama-valve amabili nge-cylinder kanye nama-spark plugs amabili nge-cylinder ngayinye. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, kufanele njalo (ngokucophelela) uhlole imvume ye-valve bese ushintsha uketshezi olusebenzayo. Lolu phiko lungatholakala kuHonda Jazz nakuCR-Z.

1.0 EcoBust (Ford)

Yavela ngo-2012 futhi yathathwa abaningi njengesinyathelo esibalulekile enkathini yezinjini ezincane zikaphethiloli. Injini ibonakala ngesisindo esincane sonqenqema (ngaphansi kuka-100 kg) nobukhulu obuhlangene obunamandla amakhulu. Cishe ngokushesha ngemva komdlalo wakhe wokuqala, wawina isicoco esithi "International Engine of the Year 2012" futhi wayengaphansi kwe-Focus, Mondeo, Fiesta, C-Max kanye neTransit Courier.

Ekuqaleni, i-Ford yethula inguqulo ye-horsepower engu-100 ethengiswayo, futhi kamuva, inguqulo ye-125-horsepower. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kwavela inguqulo ye-140-horsepower. Abashayeli batusa idizayini ngokuguquguquka kwayo, ukusebenza kahle nokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli wamathokheni. Omakhenikha banaka izinkinga ngesistimu yokupholisa, engavela ikakhulukazi ngamayunithi akhiqizwa ngonyaka wokuqala wokukhiqiza. Kwakukhona ukuvuza kuzo, okungaholela ekushiseni kwe-gasket ngaphansi kwekhanda, ngisho nokuguqulwa kwekhanda ngokwalo. Ngo-2013, onjiniyela benza izinguquko ukuze baxazulule le nkinga. Namuhla ungathola izimoto ezishayele ngaphezu kwama-300 1.0s. km futhi zisasetshenziswa nsuku zonke, okusho ukuthi i-XNUMX EcoBoost iphrojekthi okufanele inconywe.

Kungcono ukugwema lezi zinjini:

0.6 kanye no-0.7 R3 (smart)

Ngokomakhenikha, iyunithi ngokuvamile idinga ukulungiswa (ngisho nokukhulu) ngemva kokugijima okungaphansi kuka-100 km. km. Ingatholakala kuma-Lubricants (isizukulwane W450). Ekuqaleni, isiphakamiso sasihlanganisa umthamo we-600 cm3 namandla we-45 hp. Ngokushesha ngemva kombukiso wokuqala, i-Smart yaqaphela ukuthi amandla anjalo ngeke anelise abathengi. Ngakho-ke, okuhlukile okusha okune-51 kanye ne-61 hp yethulwa, futhi okuhlukile okungu-2002-litre kukhishwe ngo-0.7.

Abasebenzisi bathi ukulungisa injini egijimayo nelimele enkonzweni engagunyaziwe kubiza izinkulungwane ezimbalwa zamazloty. Vele, ku-ASO sizokhokha kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, injini ivame ukuhluleka nge-clutch, i-turbocharger kanye ne-timing chain.

1.0 I-EcoTech (Opel)

Le njini yayisetshenziswa ezimotweni zakwa-Opel maphakathi nawo-nineties. Ngemva kweminyaka eminingi yomsebenzi onzima kanye nochungechunge lwezivivinyo, umndeni wenjini ye-Family 1996 yethulwa ngo-0. Iyunithi engu-1.0 litre, eyayinamasilinda amathathu, ama-valve angu-12 kanye ne-timing chain, yayithandwa kakhulu. Amandla ahluka kusuka ku-54 kuya ku-65 hp. Isizukulwane sokuqala besibizwa nge-EcoTec, iTwinPort yesibili kanti eyesithathu i-EcoFlex.

Uphethiloli ufakiwe okuhlanganisa i-Corsi (B, C no-D) kanye ne-Aguilia (A no-B). Injini ayongi kakhulu futhi inesiko eliphansi lokusebenza. Ngemuva kokugijima ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi kwezinkulungwane ezingama-50. km, uchungechunge lwezikhathi ngokuvamile luqala ukwenza umsindo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, injini ijwayele ukusebenzisa uwoyela ngokweqile. Ukuvuza, ikakhulukazi eduze kwekhava yevalvu, kusezingeni elihle. Ukwenza izinto zibe zimbi nakakhulu, izinzwa zokucindezela uwoyela nazo ziyahluleka. Ngemva kokushayela mayelana 100 ayizinkulungwane km, ingcindezi injini ingase iphele. I-valve ye-EGR nayo ivame ukungcola. Ama-Lambda probes namakhoyili okushisa angadlala ihlaya elinonya.

1.4 TSI Twincharger (Volkswagen)

I-motor ingatholakala ngaphansi kwe-hood, isibonelo, i-Volkswagen Scirocco III noma i-Seat Ibiza IV Cupra. Ukungasebenzi kahle kwale njini ukwelula iketango lesikhathi. I-tensioner kanye ne-variator enesibopho sokulawula izigaba zesikhathi nayo ingase ibe nephutha. Kukhona amacala okuphuka kwe-piston namasongo. Uma ibhulokhi yonakalisiwe, ukulungisa ngeke kungabizi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abasebenzisi baqaphela ukuthi kungenzeka ukwehluleka kokuhlangana kazibuthe kwepompo yamanzi, ukungasebenzi kahle kohlelo lomjovo kanye nokusetshenziswa okuphezulu kukaphethiloli. Ezimweni zasemadolobheni, kungaba kufika ku-15 l / 100 km, futhi emgwaqeni omkhulu udinga ukulungiselela umphumela endaweni ye-8 - 9 l / 100 km. Omakhenikha bathi amamodeli angemva kuka-2010 abukeka engeyona inkinga.

1.6 hp (BMW / PSA)

Bekufanele kube idizayini yesimo sobuciko ehlangabezana nezidingo eziqinile zokukhipha umoya futhi iqinisekisa izindleko eziphansi zokusebenza. Eqinisweni, kwavela ukuthi kuhluke kancane. Injini yabona ukukhanya ngo-2006. Ifakwe nekhanda lesilinda elinama-valve ayishumi nesithupha kanye nomjovo kaphethiloli oqondile. Yaqala yafakwa ngaphansi kwebhonethi ye-MINI Cooper S, futhi ngemva kwalokho yafakwa nasezimotweni ezivela eFrance, njengesibonelo. I-DS3, DS4, DS5 ne-308, kanye ne-RCZ imbala. Ukunikezwa kuhlanganisa izinguqulo ezisuka ku-140 kuye ku-270 hp. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa nje zokusebenza kanye mileage, ngokoqobo 15 - 20 ayizinkulungwane. I-km ingaba yinkinga yochungechunge lwesikhathi olululiwe.

Abasiki bengqephu bathe lo mdlali odonsa kanzima nguyena onesandla kulesi simo. Isici salungiswa ngaphansi kwewaranti, kodwa okuthakazelisayo, i-elementi ngokwayo ayizange ithuthukiswe kuze kube ngu-2010. Ngeshwa, amacala okushayela isikhathi okweluliwe ayaziwa kuze kube namuhla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abasebenzisi benjini engu-1.6 THP babika inkinga yokusetshenziswa kukawoyela ngokweqile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isofthiwe yeyunithi yamandla, i-turbocharger, evame ukuphula i-casing, kanye ne-exhaust and intake manifolds, ingahluleka.

1.2 TSI EA111 (Volkswagen)

Wadlala okokuqala eminyakeni engu-11 edlule. Inamasilinda amane, umjovo kaphethiloli oqondile kanye ne-turbocharger. Ekuqaleni, injini yabhekana nezinkinga ezinkulu ngesikhathi, okwakusekelwe ekwakhiweni kweketango. Ngemuva kokugijima okufushane, kungase kuqale ukwenza umsindo, ukwelula, futhi lokhu kungenxa ye-tensioner enephutha. I-2012 ilethe idizayini entsha ethole ama-valve ayi-16 (ngaphambilini yayina-8), ibhande lesikhathi namashafti amabili (i-EA111 yayinomgodi owodwa). Ngaphezu kwalokho, kumayunithi okuqala (kuze kube ngu-2012) kungase kube khona amaphutha ku-cylinder head gasket, control electronics, exhaust gas purification systems kanye nokwanda kokusetshenziswa kukawoyela. Omakhenikha nabo banake i-turbine, lapho uhlelo lokulawula lungathembeki khona. Izinjini zesizukulwane sokuqala eziyi-1.2 TSI zitholakala ngaphansi kwezimoto ezinjengeVW Golf VI, Skoda Octavia II noma i-Audi A3 8P.

Isifinyezo

Ngenhla, sethule amayunithi kaphethiloli, izici zawo ezichaza kahle imakethe yesimanje yezimoto. Abakhiqizi bezimoto bazama ukunikeza ikhasimende izixazululo ezingcono kakhulu, kodwa njengoba ubona, ngezinye izikhathi izinto zingase zingahambi kahle. Phela, ungathola imoto esetshenzisiwe enenjini encane (efushanisiwe) ngaphansi kwe-hood, engeke ibe nezinkinga futhi iphelele ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke.

Bheka futhi: Ihlola i-Opel Corsa kagesi