Uhlelo lokuzinzisa lwe-ESP - hlola ukuthi lusebenza kanjani (VIDEO)
Uhlelo lwe-ESP lungenye yezinto ezibalulekile ezithuthukisa ukuphepha kokushayela. Kodwa-ke, ngokusho kochwepheshe, akukho lutho olungathatha isikhundla somshayeli.
I-ESP isifinyezo segama lesiNgisi elithi Electronic Stability Programme, i.е. uhlelo lokuqiniswa kwe-elekthronikhi. Lolu uhlelo lwe-elekthronikhi lokuzinzisa. Kwandisa amathuba okuphuma ezimeni eziyingozi emgwaqeni. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni ezishelelayo nalapho wenza ama-maneuver acijile emgwaqeni, njengalapho ushayela endaweni ethile noma ungena ekhoneni ngokushesha okukhulu. Ezimweni ezinjalo, isistimu ye-ESP ibona ubungozi bokushushuluza kusenesikhathi futhi iyayivimbela, isize ekugcineni umgudu ofanele.
Izimoto ezingenayo i-ESP, lapho ngokuzumayo udinga ukushintsha isiqondiso, ngokuvamile ziziphatha njengefilimu:
Umlando omncane
Uhlelo lwe-ESP luwumsebenzi wokukhathazeka kwe-Bosch. Yasungulwa emakethe ngo-1995 njengemishini ye-Mercedes S-Class, kodwa ukusebenza kulolu hlelo kwaqala eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-10 ngaphambili.
Sekukhiqizwe izinhlelo ze-ESP ezingaphezu kwesigidi eminyakeni emine kusukela zangena emakethe. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yentengo ephezulu, lolu hlelo lwalugcinelwe kuphela izimoto ezisezingeni eliphezulu. Nokho, izindleko zokukhiqiza i-ESP ziye zehla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi uhlelo manje lungatholakala ezimotweni ezintsha kuzo zonke izingxenye. Uhlelo lokulawula ukuzinza lujwayelekile ku-subcompact Skoda Citigo (ingxenye A).
Ukushayela eqhweni - akukho ukuhamba okungazelelwe
Ezinye izinkampani nazo sezijoyine iqembu lokukhiqiza i-ESP. Okwamanje inikezwa abahlinzeki bengxenye ye-auto njenge-Bendix, i-Continental, i-Hitachi, i-Knorr-Bremse, i-TRW, i-Wabco.
Nakuba igama elithi system noma i-ESP lingene olimini lwendabuko, yi-Bosch kuphela enelungelo lokusebenzisa leli gama. Inkampani inelungelo lobunikazi begama le-ESP kanye nesixazululo sezobuchwepheshe. Ngakho-ke, kwezinye izinhlobo eziningi, lesi simiso livela ngaphansi kwamanye amagama, isibonelo, DSC (BMW), VSA (Honda), ESC (Kia), VDC (Nissan), VSC (Toyota), DSTC (Volvo). Amagama ahlukene, kodwa isimiso sokusebenza siyefana. Ngaphandle kwe-ESP, amagama ajwayelekile yi-ESC (Electronic Stability Control) ne-DSC (Dynamic Stability Control).
ISIVUMELWANO
Isebenza kanjani?
Uhlelo lwe-ESP wukuvela kwezinhlelo ze-ABS kanye ne-ASR. I-anti-lock braking system (ABS) eyasungulwa kudala igcina imoto ikwazi ukuqondisa futhi izinzile uma kwenzeka ibhuleka kungazelelwe. Uhlelo lwe-ASR, lona, lusiza ukukhuphuka nokushayela ezindaweni ezishelelayo, luvimbele ukushelela kwamasondo. I-ESP nayo inazo zombili lezi zici kodwa iqhubekela phambili.
Uhlelo lwe-ESP luqukethe iphampu enamanzi, imojula yokulawula kanye nezinzwa eziningi. Izinto ezimbili zokugcina ziyizingxenye ze-elekthronikhi.
Uhlelo lusebenza ngale ndlela elandelayo: izinzwa zikala i-engeli yokuqondisa kanye nesivinini semoto futhi zidlulisela lolu lwazi kumojula ye-electronic ye-ESP, enquma umzila wemoto ocatshangwa umshayeli.
Uphethiloli, udizili noma igesi? Sibale ukuthi kubiza malini ukushayela
Ngenxa yenye inzwa ekala ukusheshisa kwe-lateral kanye nesivinini sokujikeleza kwemoto ezungeze i-eksisi yayo, uhlelo lunquma indlela yangempela yemoto. Uma kutholwa umehluko phakathi kwamapharamitha amabili, isibonelo, uma kwenzeka i-rollover yangaphambili noma engemuva yemoto, i-ESP izama ukubangela umphumela ophambene ngokudala umzuzu ofanele wokulungisa wokuzungezisa imoto ekseni yayo, okuzoholela imoto ukuthi ibuyele endleleni okuhloswe ngayo umshayeli. Ukuze wenze lokhu, i-ESP ibhuleka ngokuzenzakalelayo isondo elilodwa noma amabili ngenkathi ilawula isivinini senjini ngasikhathi sinye.
Uma, ngenxa yesivinini esikhulu kakhulu, kusekhona ingozi yokulahlekelwa i-traction, isistimu ye-elekthronikhi ithatha ngokuzenzakalelayo i-throttle. Ngokwesibonelo, uma imoto edonsa ngamasondo angemuva isongelwa ukuwobble engemuva (i-oversteer), i-ESP yehlisa itorque yenjini futhi ibhuleke isondo elilodwa noma amaningi ngokusebenzisa i-brake pressure. Lena yindlela uhlelo lwe-ESP olusiza ngayo ukugcina imoto isendleleni efanele. Konke kwenzeka ngomzuzwana owodwa.
Nansi indlela ividiyo elungiselelwe ukukhathazeka kwe-Bosch ebukeka ngayo:
Ukujima kuyashelela ngaphandle kwe-esp
Imisebenzi eyengeziwe
Kusukela yethulwa emakethe, uhlelo lwe-ESP belulokhu luthuthukiswa njalo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umsebenzi umayelana nokunciphisa isisindo salo lonke uhlelo (i-Bosch ESP inesisindo esingaphansi kuka-2 kg), futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwandisa inani lemisebenzi engayenza.
I-ESP iyisisekelo phakathi kokunye, i-Hill Hold Control system, evimbela imoto ukuthi ingagingqiki uma ikhuphuka. Isistimu yamabhuleki igcina ngokuzenzakalelayo ingcindezi yebhuleki kuze kube umshayeli ecindezela i-accelerator futhi.
Ezinye izibonelo yizici ezifana nokuhlanza i-brake disc kanye nokugcwalisa i-electronic brake pre-filling. Eyokuqala iwusizo ngesikhathi semvula enkulu futhi ihlanganisa indlela evamile yama-pads kuma-brake discs, angabonakali kumshayeli, ukuze asuse umswakama kuwo, okubangela ukunwetshwa kwebanga lokubhuleka. Umsebenzi wesibili ucushwa lapho umshayeli esusa unyawo ku-accelerator ngokuphazima kweso: ama-brake pads asondela ebangeni elincane phakathi kwama-brake discs ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi isikhathi esifushane kakhulu sokusabela sesistimu yebhuleki uma kwenzeka ibhuleka.
I-Aquaplaning - funda ukuthi ungakugwema kanjani ukushelela emigwaqweni emanzi
Umsebenzi we-Stop & Go wona unweba uhlelo lwe-Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC). Ngokusekelwe kudatha etholwe kuzinzwa zebanga elifushane, isistimu ingakwazi ukubhuleka imoto ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuze ime bese isheshisa ngaphandle kokungenelela komshayeli uma izimo zomgwaqo zivuma.
I-Automatic Parking Brake (APB) nayo isekelwe ku-ESP. Lapho umshayeli ecindezela iswishi ukuze aqalise ukusebenza kwamabhuleki okupaka, iyunithi ye-ESP izenzela ngokuzenzakalelayo ukucindezela ukuze ucindezele amabhuleki kuma-brake disc. Indlela eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ibe isikhiya izinsimbi. Ukukhulula ibhuleki, uhlelo lwe-ESP lwakha ingcindezi futhi.
I-Euro NCAP, inhlangano yocwaningo lwezokuphepha kwezimoto eyaziwa ngokuhlola ukuphahlazeka, iklomelisa amaphuzu engeziwe ngokuba nemoto enohlelo lokuzinzisa.
Ukubuka kochwepheshe
UZbigniew Veseli, umqondisi wesikole sokushayela iRenault:
- Ukwethulwa kohlelo lwe-ESP ezintweni zezimoto sekube esinye sezinyathelo ezibaluleke kakhulu emsebenzini wokuthuthukisa ukuphepha kokushayela. Lolu hlelo lumeseka ngempumelelo umshayeli lapho esengozini yokulahlekelwa ukulawula imoto. Empeleni, siqonde ukushibilika ezindaweni ezishelelayo, kodwa i-ESP iphinde ibe usizo uma udinga ukwenza ukunyakaza okubukhali kwesiteringi ukuze uzungeze isithiyo esingalindelekile emgwaqeni. Esimeni esinjalo, imoto ngaphandle kwe-ESP ingase igingqike. Esikoleni sethu, siziqeqesha ezindaweni ezishelelayo sisebenzisa i-ESP futhi cishe wonke ama-cadet amangazwa kakhulu amathuba anikezwa yilesi simiso. Abaningi balaba bashayeli bathi imoto elandelayo abazoyithenga izobe ifakwe i-ESP. Kodwa-ke, amakhono alesi simiso akufanele abe ngokweqile, ngoba, naphezu kobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe, busebenza kuphela kumkhawulo othile. Isibonelo, uma ushayela ngokushesha endaweni eneqhwa, lokhu ngeke kusebenze. Ngakho-ke, kuhlale kunconywa ukusebenzisa ingqondo futhi uphathe lolu hlobo lwesistimu yokuphepha njengendlela yokugcina.
Wojciech Frölichowski
