Ama-alamu ezimoto: izinhlobo nemisebenzi

Ama-alamu ezimoto awuhlelo olubalulekile lokuvikela imoto ekuntshontshweni nasezenzweni zokucekelwa phansi.. Nakuba inqwaba yamamodeli ine-alamu efakwe umenzi, noma kunjalo, kukhona abanye. Kulokhu, ungafaka isistimu yokuphepha yenkampani yangaphandle.

I-alamu yemoto isistimu equkethe izinzwa eziningi ezibekwe ngendlela ehlelekile emotweni ukuze ibone ukunyakaza noma imisebenzi engajwayelekile eduze noma ngaphakathi kwemoto. Uma kutholwa ingozi engaba khona, isistimu ikhipha ama-alamu noma izexwayiso ukuzama ukuvimbela usongo.

Umlando we-alamu yemoto

Ukusungulwa kwensimbi kwenziwa ngu-August August Russell waseMelika, okwathi, ngo-1853, wanikeza ilungelo lobunikazi uhlelo lwe-electromagnetic, kwakuqukethe iqiniso lokuthi lapho evala isekethe kagesi, ukudlidliza okwabangelwa odonsa ozibuthe abaningi kwakudlulisa ukudlidlizela kusando, okwakushaya insimbi yethusi.

Kodwa-ke, kwaphela iminyaka eminingi kwaze kwaba ngo-1920, lapho kwenziwa i-alamu yokuqala yezimoto ezwakalayo yahlanganiswa nemoto, eyahlala iminyaka eminingi. Amadivayisi afakwe ku-ekseli engaphambili lemoto futhi avulwa ngokhiye.

Izinhlobo ze-alamu zezimoto

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-alamu ezimoto ahlukaniswe ngokwezigaba ezahlukene.

Okokuqala, kuya ngokuthi imoto isabela kanjani, ngenxa yosongo izinhlobo ezimbili zama-alamu zingahlukaniswa, zezimoto:

• Izinhlelo zokwenziwa... Izinhlelo zalolu hlobo zikhipha kuphela amasiginali we-acoustic namalambu ngenhloso yokuvimbela noma ukuvimbela ukweba.
• Izinhlelo ezisebenzayo... Lolu hlobo lwe-alamu yemoto alukhiphi kuphela amasiginali, umsindo kanye / noma ukukhanya, kodwa futhi luzixhuma ngokuzenzakalela neminye imisebenzi eminingi emotweni. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izaziso zomnikazi noma zokuphepha, isiteringi, isondo, izingidi zeminyango noma zokuqalisa, nokuningi.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokuya ngemodi yokuphendula yohlelo, kunezinketho ezilandelayo ze-alamu zezimoto:

• Inzwa yevolumu. Обнаруживает аномальные контакты с автомобилем.
• Inzwa ye-Perimeter... Ibona ukunyakaza okungavamile okuzungeze imoto.

Ekugcineni kuya ngobuchwepheshe besistimu, kunezinhlobo ezilandelayo zama-alamu ezimoto (kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lezi zinhlelo zingahlanganiswa):

• I-alamu ye-elekthronikhi... Lolu hlelo lusekelwe kuyunithi yokulawula, okuthi, ngemuva kokuthola isignali evela kuzinzwa ezifakwe emotweni, inikeze impendulo. Lezi zinhlobo zama-alamu ezimoto zinekhono lokusebenza ku-RK. Okusho ukuthi, usebenzisa irimothi, kungenzeka ukuvula noma ukuvala i-alamu. Okuthuthukile kakhulu kukuvumela ukuthi unikeze amasiginali ngendlela yokudlidliza.
• I-alamu ye-GPS... Lolu uhlelo olwedlulele njengamanje. Ikuvumela ukuthi uthole imoto noma kunini futhi uyilawule uma ishintsha indawo yayo.
• Ama-alamu ngaphandle kokufakwa... Lawa amasistimu aphathekayo atholakala ezindaweni ezinamasu zemoto futhi axhunywe ohlelweni lokuphakelwa kwamandla kagesi ukuvumela ukwenziwa kwamasignali omsindo nokukhanya uma kuba nosongo.

Imisebenzi yohlelo lwe-alamu yemoto

Izici zokuphepha i-alamu yemoto engakunikeza izoboshelwa ngqo kwikhompyutha yakhe. Ezinye zezici zifaka okulandelayo:

• Uxhumano phakathi kwemoto nomsebenzisi... Ngenxa yohlelo lokusebenza olufakwe ku- i-smartphone, umsebenzisi angaxhuma ohlelweni lwe-alamu, olukuvumela ukuthi uhlole isimo sokuphepha semoto (ngokwesibonelo, ikuvumela ukuthi ubone ukuthi kukhona yini iminyango noma amawindi avuliwe).
• Isiginali ye-GPS... Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, uma kwenzeka i-alamu yemoto, ama-alamu afakwe i-GPS akuvumela ukuthi uqaphe ukuma ngqo kwemoto nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Lokhu kungenye yezinketho ezifunwa kakhulu ezimotweni zesizukulwane sakamuva, ngoba, uma kungenzeka kube nokweba, uhlelo lusiza ukubuya kwemoto.
• Uhlelo lokuzwa... Ezinye izinhlelo ze-alamu zifaka imakrofoni evumela umsebenzisi ukuthi ezwe imisindo ngaphakathi kwegumbi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi kusuka ku-smartphone.
• Ukuxhumana ngezindlela ezimbilib. Lo msebenzi uvumela umsebenzisi ukuthi axhumane nesipikha semoto ukuze adlulise imiyalezo yezwi.
• Amasiginali we-acoustic nomsindo... Le yimisebenzi eyisisekelo yokuvikela noma yiluphi uhlelo, i-alamu yemoto.
• Ilokhi yemoto... Lo msebenzi ubonakala ubaluleke kakhulu ngokubuka kokuphepha. Ukukhiya imoto kwenza kungakwazi ukuhamba, noma ngabe kukhiywe isondo lokushayela, amasondo, iminyango noma i-starter.
• Ukuxhuma nokuphepha kwe-PBX... Uma kukhona lo msebenzi, imoto, njengoba isendaweni enobungozi, iphonsa isaziso ku-ATC, ehlanganisa amaphoyisa, iwanikeze ngezixhumanisi zesimo se-GPS semoto. Lesi sici sihlanganisa ukukhokha imali yenyanga.

isiphetho

Ubuchwepheshe bezinhlelo zama-alamu buguqukile ngokuphawulekayo kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, ikakhulukazi ngokwakhiwa kwezinhlelo ze-GPS nokudluliswa kolwazi okungenantambo phakathi kwemoto nomsebenzisi, okunikeza ukulawula nokuqapha imoto ukude.

Ukuthenga imoto kufaka izindleko zezimali, ngakho-ke, nsuku zonke, abashayeli abaningi ngokwengeziwe bayakwazisa ukutshalwa kwemali kwabo futhi bazame ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwabo.