I-Skoda 4×4 - ukulwa neqhwa
I-Skoda inikeza imodeli entsha - i-Octavia RS 4x4. Esikhundleni sokuhlela isethulo esehlukile, ama-Czechs anqume ukukukhumbuza ukuthi uhlelo lwawo lokushayela wonke amasondo luhlaba umxhwele futhi ukuthi lokhu kushayela akuyona nje imali eyengeziwe yokubiza.
I-Skoda yaqala uhambo lwayo lwe-axle ekabili ngo-1999 nge-Octavia Combi 4x4. Kuningi okushintshile kusukela lapho, futhi i-Skoda ikhule yaba omunye wabaholi ku-4 × 4 drive phakathi kwemikhiqizo edumile. Ngonyaka odlule, amamodeli angu-67 alethwe kumakhasimende, futhi angaphezu kwesigamu sesigidi akhiqizwa kusukela ekuqaleni kokukhiqiza. Njengamanje, isabelo se-500 × 4 drive ekuthengisweni komhlaba komkhiqizo cishe si-4% futhi siyaqhubeka sikhula.
Imikhiqizo emisha engu-4×4 ebangeni le-Skoda
I-Skoda Octavia RS iyimodeli yezemidlalo ekhiqizwe eMladá Boleslav. Lokhu kuyasebenza nasenguqulweni kadizili. Injini enamandla kanye ne-chassis eqinile ihlanganisa ukusebenza okuphezulu nokunethezeka kwemoto yomndeni. I-Octavia RS ayizange ihloselwe ukuba nesinongo njengeGolf GTD, nakuba yayivumele okungaphezu nje kokusangana okuncane. Manje amamodeli e-RS anedrayivu kuwo womabili ama-ekseli ajoyina uhlelo. Njengoba ungase uqagele, ayatholakala kuzo zombili izitayela zomzimba ongakhetha kuzo, ukuze ikhasimende lingabi nomuzwa wokuthi liyekethisa.
I-Skoda Octavia RS 4×4 itholakala ngenjini kadizili engu-2.0 TDI enamandla angu-184 hp. kanye ne-torque engu-380 Nm, etholakala ku-1750-3250 rpm. Awukwazi uku-oda ukushintshwa ngesandla, i-DSG enamagiya ayisithupha iyona kuphela ongayikhetha kuleli cala. Ukwengezwa kwe-driveshaft kanye ne-Haldex clutch yesizukulwane sesihlanu kwengeze u-60 kg emshinini. Kuvela ukuthi isisindo esiningi asiyona i-ballast, uma ubheka ukusebenza. Ijubane eliphezulu lahlala lifana (230 km/h), kodwa ukushayela ngama-ekseli amabili kwehlise kakhulu isikhathi esidingekayo ukusheshisa i-Octavia yesporty sibe ku-100 km/h. Ukuze uthole i-4 × 4 liftback, lokhu imizuzwana engu-7,7, yenqola yesiteshi - imizuzwana engu-7,8. Kuzona zombili lezi zimo, lokhu kuwukuthuthuka okungafika kumasekhondi angu-0,3 ngaphezu kwenguqulo elula yamasondo angaphambili (ene-DSG transmission).
Uma ufuna ukonga kakhulu, ukukhetha imoto edonsa ngawo wonke amasondo akuwona umqondo omuhle. I-Skoda Octavia RS 4x4 ifakazela ukuthi olunye uhlangothi lohlamvu lwemali akufanele lwesabe kangako. Yize inamandla amakhulu namakhilogremu engeziwe nokudonsa nokudonsa, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kungaphezu kuka-0,2 l/100 km kuphela kunenguqulo edonsa ngamasondo angaphambili. Inqola yakwa RS eyonga kakhulu kuphethiloli yenza ngesilinganiso samalitha kadizili angu-5 ngebanga lika-100 km.
Ububanzi bezimoto zabagibeli ezingu-4×4
I-Octavia RS iyiplanti yakamuva ka-Skoda engu-4×4, kodwa uhla lwe-Octavia 4×4 lucebe ngokwedlulele. Zimbili izitayela zomzimba kanye nenqwaba yezinjini ongakhetha kuzo. Ungakhetha kumayunithi edizili (1.6 TDI/110 HP, 2.0 TDI/150 HP, 2.0 TDI/184 HP) noma iyunithi enamandla kaphethiloli (1.8 TSI/180 HP). Ezimbili ezibuthakathaka zihambisana nogearbox odonsa ngamagiya ayisithupha ashintshwayo, ezimbili eziqinile zihambisana nogearbox weDSG onamagiya ayisithupha oyi-dual-clutch.
Ngaphambili ku-Octavia 4×4 uhla lwe-crossover eklanywe ngokuphelele: i-Octavia Scout. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukukhetha kukhawulelwe kumzimba wenqola yesiteshi, futhi injini ye-diesel ebuthakathaka kakhulu ayikho ekunikezeni. Lokhu "kushiyeka" kulula ukukukhohlwa uma uhlezi ekhanda. Ukumiswa kuphakanyiswe ngo-31 mm, ngenxa yokuthi imvume yomhlabathi ingu-171 mm, futhi sibheka umhlaba osizungezile kancane ukusuka phezulu. Akugcini lapho, izici zokumiswa zikhethwa ukuze imigwaqo yesigaba sesithathu, ngisho nama-bumps, ibe yomshayeli enye yezinhlobo eziningi zezindawo ezingakwazi ukunqoba ezimweni ezikhululekile.
Isizukulwane sesithathu i-Skoda Superb nayo ingafakwa idrayivu engu-4×4. Lena isistimu efanayo ne-Octavia, kusetshenziswa i-clutch yesizukulwane sesihlanu ye-Haldex. Zimbili izitayela zomzimba nezinjini ezine ongakhetha kuzo, okukhona kuzo ezimbili zikaphethroli (1.4 TSI/150 HP ne-2.0 TSI/280 HP) nezimbili zikadizili (2.0 TDI/150 HP ne-2.0 TDI/190 hp). Njengasendabeni ka-Octavia omncane, nakuSuperba, amayunithi amabili abuthaka asebenza ngokushintshwa ngesandla, kanti amanye amabili anamandla asebenza kuphela nge-DSG edonsa ngamagiya ayisithupha.
offroad yethi
UYeti uqedela uhla lwezinhlobo zeSkoda ezidonsa ngamasondo amane. Futhi kulesi simo sithola uhlelo lwe-clutch lwesizukulwane sesihlanu lwe-Haldex, kodwa lesi sikhathi semvelo ehluke ngokuphelele. E-Yeti, okwakugxilwe kakhulu kuzo kwakuyizakhiwo zendawo.
Esikhundleni semodi yezemidlalo n
kudeshibhodi kunenkinobho enegama elithi Off-road. Ngemuva kokuyicindezela, uhlelo luba bucayi ngisho nasekulahlekelweni okuncane kokudonsa. Uma, ngokwesibonelo, singena obishini olubi, izinto zikagesi zizokhiya amasondo angenawo amandla okudonsa futhi ziqondise i-torque kulawo masondo, noma esondweni elilodwa elingakalahleki. Isici esiwusizo futhi umsizi wokwehla, ogcina isivinini esiphusile ngisho nasekwehleni okuyimiqansa. Uma kunesidingo, umshayeli angakhuphula isivinini ngokucindezela kancane i-gas pedal.
I-Skoda Yeti 4×4 itholakala ngezinguqulo ezimbili: evamile kanye ne-Outdoor enemvume yomhlabathi ephakeme kancane. Lokhu kwakamuva kuqondiswe kumakhasimende ahlose ukuhlola izakhiwo zenkundla ezimeni zangempela. Zintathu izinjini ongakhetha kuzo: ekaphethroli (1.4 TSI/150 hp) nodizili ezimbili (2.0 TDI/110 hp, 2.0 TDI/150 hp). Zonke zisebenza ngama-manual transmissions njengejwayelekile, kanti izinhlobo ezingu-150-horsepower zingathola u-gearbox we-DSG ngemali eyengeziwe.
4 × 4 ebusika - isebenza kanjani?
Ukuze ubonise amandla aphelele we-4×4, i-Skoda ihlele ukushayela kuthrekhi yeqhwa ephezulu e-Bavarian Alps. Lokhu kwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukuyihlola ezimeni zasebusika ezimbi kakhulu.
Izinto zikagesi ku-Octavia kanye ne-Superbach 4×4 zinamazinga amathathu okusebenza: kuvuliwe, kwezemidlalo nokuvala. Kunzima ukuqonda ukuthi kungani ukucindezela okukodwa kukhubaza i-ESC, futhi ukungena kumodi yezemidlalo kudinga imizuzwana embalwa yokubamba ngesineke umunwe wakho enkinobho. Phela umuntu angacisha ingelosi egada ngephutha, kodwa inkinga ayinzima. Kokubili imodi yezemidlalo nokuvalwa kwama-electronics kubikwa ngendlela efanayo - ukukhanya okuphuzi kuphaneli yensimbi.
Kubashayeli abavame ukuzithola besemigwaqweni eneqhwa noma eneqhwa, ukusebenza kwama-electronics ku-Skoda ene-4x4 drive kungase kumangaze. Umbhobho we-elekthronikhi awubukeki njengendela eqinile, ethethisa abafundi basekhaya lezintandane ngisho nangokubukeka kwakhe engenacala, ufana nothisha ongavinjelwe esikoleni esiphakeme senhlalo. Empeleni, lokhu kusho ukuthi isistimu enikwe amandla izosebenza kuphela uma inquma ukuthi sinqume ngempela ukuzilimaza. Ngenhlanhla, isiliphu esithambile, esilawulwayo singaphakathi kokubekezelela. Amasistimu ahlelwe ngendlela ehlukile kumodeli ngayinye, okusho ukuthi "uthisha" ku-Superba uqaphe kakhulu kune-Octavia RS. Akumangazi futhi ukuthi i-RS ijabulisa kakhulu eqhweni futhi ivumela ukugijima okusebenza kahle kakhulu. Ukube nje ikhono lomshayeli belanele...
Izinzuzo ze-4×4 drive
Uma siqala ukuhlala emotweni efakwe i-4×4 drive, ngeke sizwe mehluko omkhulu. Ngenkathi amasondo egijima endaweni eyomile ebambe kahle, ama-electronics ayabuka nje. Kodwa-ke, kunemvula eyanele, futhi ayinayo nhlobo iqhwa, kodwa ifudumele phakathi nehlobo, futhi umehluko ungabonakala nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Imoto enama-axle amabili inikeza ukuphatha okungcono futhi iyakwazi ukunqoba izithiyo ngokushesha.
ukugoba okushelelayo emgwaqeni, okuthinta ngqo ukuphepha kwezimoto.
Ebusika, lezi zinzuzo sizozizwa ngokuphindiselela uma kuvela ukuthi abasebenzi bomgwaqo baphinde balala. Ukushayela okungu-4x4 ezindaweni ezineqhwa noma ezineqhwa akukwazi ukugqama, okushiya izimbangi ze-axle eyodwa zikude ngemuva. Ngomqondo ongokoqobo nongokomfanekiso.
Nokho, isibonelo se-Octavia RS 4×4 sibonisa ukuthi izindlela ezengeziwe ezinesibopho sokushayela kwe-asi engemuva akudingekile ukuba zibe i-ballast eyengeziwe. I-4x4 drive ingakhuphula umkhiqizo ngokuphatha kangcono i-torque ephezulu yenjini.
Kukhona nombuzo wokuthi ungafika kanjani endaweni lapho kungaba nzima noma kungenakwenzeka ngaphandle kwe-4 × 4. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-Skoda ilungiselele amamodeli we-Octavia Scout 4 × 4 kanye ne-Yeti Outdoor 4 × 4. Ukwenyuka kwemvume yomhlabathi kuyinzuzo eyengeziwe ekunqobeni amaqhubu.
Kunesinye isizathu sokucabanga ngedrayivu engu-4×4. Ukulayishwa kwe-ekseli ngemuva kusho ukuthi izinhlobo zeSkoda 4×4 ziyakwazi ukudonsa ama-trailer asindayo kunezinhlobo zawo ezidonsa ngamasondo angaphambili. Isisindo se-trailer esiphezulu (namabhuleki) singu-2000 kg ku-Octavia 4×4, 2100 kg ye-Yeti 4×4 kanye no-2200 kg ye-Superba 4×4.
