Amaphutha ajwayelekile nge-antifreeze
Okuqukethwe
Noma singakuzondi ukukuvuma, ihlobo selizophela futhi sekuyisikhathi sokuthi silungiselele izimoto zethu izinyanga ezibandayo. Okubandakanya ukubheka izinga lokupholisa. Kepha kulo msebenzi obonakala ulula, ngeshwa, kuvame ukwenziwa amaphutha amakhulu.
Ngingayengeza i-antifreeze?
Esikhathini esidlule, ukugcwalisa kabusha i-antifreeze kwakuwumsebenzi olula ngempela, ngoba kwakungekho ukukhetha emakethe yaseBulgaria, futhi ngisho nalapho kwakukhona, wonke umuntu wayenefomula efanayo. Nokho, okwamanje lokhu akunjalo nhlobo. Okungenani ama-antifreeze amathathu athengiswayo ahluke kakhulu ekubunjweni kwamakhemikhali, angahambisani - Uma udinga ukuhlanganisa, kufanele uqaphele kakhulu ukuze ungene ekubunjweni okufanele. Ukuxuba izinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene kungaqeda i-radiator kanye nesistimu yokupholisa.
Kukhona enye into eyodwa: ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amakhemikhali akha i-antifreeze alahlekelwa yizakhiwo zawo. Ngakho-ke, kuya ngohlobo, kufanele lushintshwe ngokuphelele njalo eminyakeni emibili kuya kwemihlanu. Ukuqhubeka ngokuqhubekayo isikhathi eside kungaholela ekufakeni imali okungafuneki emapayipini nakwiradiyetha.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-antifreeze
Cishe zonke izinhlobo zoketshezi lwesistimu yokupholisa ziyisisombululo se-ethylene glycol (noma, njengesimanje kakhulu, i-propylene glycol) namanzi. Umehluko omkhulu ukungezwa kwe "corrosion inhibitors", okungukuthi izinto ezivikela i-radiator kanye nesistimu ekugqwaleni.
Ngaleso sikhathi, uketshezi lohlobo lwe-IAT luhamba phambili, olunama-acids angaphili njengama-corrosion inhibitors - okokuqala ama-phosphates, bese, ngenxa yezizathu zemvelo, ama-silicates. Kulezi, izimoto ezindala kuneminyaka engu-10-15 zivame ukushintshwa. Kodwa-ke, i-antifreeze ye-IAT ihlala kuphela iminyaka emibili bese idinga ukushintshwa.
Izimoto zesimanje ezengeziwe zijwayelaniswa nohlobo lwe-OAT ye-antifreeze, lapho ama-silicates athathelwa indawo ama-azoles (ama-molecule ayinkimbinkimbi aqukethe ama-athomu e-nitrogen) nama-asidi e-organic njengama-corrosion inhibitors. Zihlala isikhathi eside - ngokuvamile zifinyelela eminyakeni emihlanu.
Kukhona futhi okuthiwa. I-HOAT noma uketshezi lwe-hybrid, okuyinhlanganisela yezinhlobo ezimbili zokuqala ezinama-silicates nama-nitrites ngasikhathi sinye. AmaCarboxylates nawo afakiwe kumafomula agunyaziwe e-EU. Zifanele izimo ezimbi kakhulu, kepha zinempilo emfushane futhi zidinga ukuphindiselwa kaningi.
Uhlobo ngalunye kulezi ezintathu aluhambisani nezinye.
Singabahlukanisa ngokwebala?
Cha. Umbala we-antifreeze uncike kudayi owengeziwe, hhayi kufomula yawo yamakhemikhali. Abanye abakhiqizi basebenzisa umbala ukukhombisa uhlobo - isib. okuluhlaza okwe-IAT, okubomvu ku-OAT, okuwolintshi kwe-HOAT. Ngo-Japanese antifreeze, umbala ubonisa ukuthi amazinga okushisa ahloselwe. Abanye basebenzisa imibala ngokungakhethi, ngakho hlala ufunda ilebula.
Abanye abakhiqizi basebenzisa amagama athi "coolant" nelithi "antifrize" ngokushintshana. Kwabanye, okokupholisa sekuvele kuhlanjululwe uketshezi, osekulungele ukusetshenziswa, futhi i-antifreeze ibizwa kuphela ngokuthi i-undiluted concentrate.
Mangaki futhi hlobo luni lwamanzi ongangeza?
Ochwepheshe batusa ngokuqinile ukungeza amanzi ase-distilled, ngoba kukhona ukungcola okuningi emanzini ajwayelekile afakwe ezindongeni zamapayipi kanye ne-radiator. Inani lokuhlanjululwa lincike ohlotsheni oluthile lwe-antifreeze kanye nezimo ozoyisebenzisa kuzo - amazinga okushisa aphansi adinga ukupholisa okuncane okuhlanjululwe.
Ingabe kuyisibopho ukulandela izidingo zomkhiqizi?
Cishe bonke abakhiqizi bezimoto bancoma uhlobo oluthile, noma uhlobo oluthile lwe-antifreeze. Abantu abaningi basola ukuthi lokhu kuyindlela nje yokuthi izinkampani zivuse isikhwama sakho semali, futhi asibasoli. Kepha kuvame ukuba nomqondo owanele ezincomweni. Izinhlelo zokupholisa zanamuhla ziyinkimbinkimbi futhi zivame ukwakhelwa imingcele ethile ye-antifreeze. Futhi ukuhlola ukuhambisana nezinye izinhlobo zoketshezi kunzima, kudla isikhathi futhi kuyabiza, ngakho-ke abakhiqizi bavame ukukugwema. Ba-oda uketshezi lwekhwalithi edingekayo kosonkontileka babo abancane bese begcizelela ukuthi amakhasimende ayisebenzise.
