Sifaka ngokuzimela i-turbine ku-VAZ 2106

Noma yimuphi umthandi wemoto ufuna injini yemoto yakhe ibe namandla ngangokunokwenzeka. Abanikazi be-VAZ 2106 abahlukile kulo mqondo. Kunezindlela eziningi ezahlukene zokwandisa amandla enjini nokwenza imoto ihambe ngokushesha. Kodwa kulokhu, ake sizame ukubhekana nendlela eyodwa kuphela, ebizwa ngokuthi i-turbine.

Inhloso ye-turbine

Izici lobuchwepheshe injini Vaz 2106 ayikwazi ukubizwa ezivelele. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, abashayeli abaningi bezimoto baqala ukuhlanza izinjini zabo "eziyisithupha" bebodwa. Ukufaka i-turbine injini ye-VAZ 2106 iyindlela eqinile kakhulu, kodwa futhi indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokwandisa ukusebenza kwenjini.

I-turbine iyindlela eqinile yokwandisa amandla enjini eSix

Ngokufaka i-turbine, umshayeli uthola izinzuzo eziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa:

• isikhathi sokusheshisa imoto kusukela ekumeni kuya ku-100 km / h cishe isigamu;
• amandla enjini nokusebenza kahle kwanda;
• ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kuhlala kungashintshile.

Isebenza kanjani i-turbine yemoto?

Ngamafuphi, incazelo yokusebenza kwanoma yiluphi uhlelo lwe-turbocharging ukukhulisa izinga lokuhlinzekwa kwengxube kaphethiloli emakamelweni avuthayo enjini. I-turbine ixhunywe ohlelweni lwe-exhaust lwe "six". Umfudlana onamandla wegesi yokukhipha ingena ku-impeller ku-turbine. Ama-impeller blades ajikeleza futhi adale ukucindezela okweqile, okuphoqeleka ohlelweni lokuhlinzeka ngophethiloli.

I-turbine yezimoto iqondisa amagesi e-exhaust ohlelweni lukaphethiloli

Ngenxa yalokho, ijubane lenhlanganisela yamafutha liyakhula, futhi le ngxube iqala ukushisa kakhulu. Injini ejwayelekile ye-coefficient ye-fuel coefficient "eyisithupha" ingu-26-28%. Ngemva kokufaka i-turbocharging system, le-coefficient ingakhuphuka ibe ngu-40%, okwandisa ukusebenza kahle kokuqala kwenjini cishe ingxenye yesithathu.

Mayelana nokukhethwa kwezinhlelo ze-turbocharging

Kulezi zinsuku, asikho isidingo sokuthi abathandi bezimoto bazenzele ngokwabo ama-turbines, ngoba kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlelo ezenziwe ngomumo ezitholakala ngemuva kwemakethe. Kodwa ngobuningi obunjalo, umbuzo uzovela nakanjani: iyiphi uhlelo ongakhetha? Ukuze uphendule lo mbuzo, umshayeli kufanele anqume ukuthi uzokwenza kanjani kabusha injini, okungukuthi, ukuthi isimanje sizojula kangakanani. Ngemva kokunquma izinga lokungenelela enjini, ungadlulela kuma-turbines, okuyizinhlobo ezimbili:

• ama-turbines aphansi amandla. Lawa madivayisi awavamile ukukhiqiza ingcindezi engaphezu kwebha engu-0.6. Ngokuvamile ihluka kusuka ku-0.3 kuya ku-0.5 bar. Ukufaka i-turbine yamandla encishisiwe akusho ukungenelela okukhulu ekwakhiweni kwenjini. Kodwa futhi banikeza ukwanda okuncane kokukhiqiza - 15-18%.
• amasistimu e-turbocharging anamandla. Uhlelo olunjalo luyakwazi ukudala ingcindezi ye-1.2 bar noma ngaphezulu. Ukuze uyifake enjinini, umshayeli kuzodingeka ayithuthukise kakhulu injini. Kulokhu, amapharamitha we-motor angashintsha, hhayi iqiniso lokuthi kube ngcono (lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kunkomba ye-CO kugesi yokukhipha). Nokho, amandla enjini angakhuphuka ngengxenye yesithathu.

Kusho ukuthini ngesimanjemanje

Ngaphambi kokufaka i-turbine, umshayeli kuzodingeka enze izinqubo eziningi zokulungiselela:

• ukufakwa okupholile. Lena idivayisi yokupholisa umoya. Njengoba isistimu ye-turbocharging isebenzisa igesi ephumayo eshisayo, iyazishisa kancane kancane. Izinga lokushisa layo lingafinyelela ku-800°C. Uma i-turbine ingapholiswanga ngesikhathi, izovele ishe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, injini ingabuye ilimale. Ngakho awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwesistimu yokupholisa eyengeziwe;
• i-carburetor "isithupha" kuyodingeka iguqulwe ibe umjovo owodwa. I-carburetor endala "ayisithupha" amanifolds wokudla awakaze aqine. Ngemva kokufaka i-turbine, ingcindezi kumqoqi onjalo ikhula cishe izikhathi ezinhlanu, ngemva kwalokho iphuka.

Wonke amaphuzu angenhla abonisa ukuthi ukubeka i-turbine ku-carburetor XNUMX endala kuyisinqumo esingabazisayo, ukuyibeka kancane. Kuyoba kuhle kakhulu ukuthi umnikazi wemoto enjalo abeke i-turbocharger kuyo.

Kwezinye izimo, esikhundleni se-turbine, kungcono kakhulu ukubeka i-turbocharger

Lesi sixazululo sinezinzuzo ezimbalwa:

• umshayeli ngeke esakwazi ukukhathazeka ngenkinga yokucindezela okukhulu ekuthatheni okuningi;
• asikho isidingo sokufaka izinhlelo zokupholisa ezengeziwe;
• ngeke kudingeke ukuba kwenziwe kabusha uhlelo lokunikezela uphethiloli;
• ukufaka i-compressor yingxenye yentengo yokufaka i-turbine egcwele;
• amandla emoto azokwenyuka ngo-30%.

Ukufakwa kwesistimu ye-turbocharging

Kunezindlela ezimbili zokufaka ama-turbines ku-"six":

• ukuxhumana nomqoqi;
• uxhumano ku-carburetor;

Iningi labashayeli lithambekele ekukhetheni okwesibili, njengoba kunenkathazo encane ngayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxube kaphethiloli esimweni sokuxhuma kwe-carburetor yakhiwa ngokuqondile, idlula inqwaba. Ukusungula lolu xhumano, uzodinga izinto ezilandelayo:

• ama-ring wrenches afakiwe;
• i-screwdriver esicaba;
• iziqukathi ezimbili ezingenalutho zokudonsa i-antifreeze namafutha.

Ukulandelana kokuxhuma i-turbine egcwele

Okokuqala, kufanele kushiwo ukuthi i-turbine iyithuluzi elikhulu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, endaweni yenjini, kuzodinga isikhala. Njengoba singekho isikhala esanele, abanikazi abaningi be "six" babeka ama-turbines lapho ibhethri lifakwe khona. Ibhethri ngokwayo ikhishwa ngaphansi kwe-hood futhi ifakwe ku-trunk. Kumele futhi kuqashelwe lapha ukuthi ukulandelana kokuxhuma uhlelo lwe-turbocharging kuncike ekutheni hlobo luni lwenjini efakwe ku-"six". Uma umnikazi wemoto enenguqulo yokuqala ye "eziyisithupha", khona-ke kuyodingeka kufakwe inqwaba entsha, ngoba izinga elijwayelekile ngeke likwazi ukusebenza ne-turbine. Kuphela ngemva kokuba le misebenzi yokulungiselela ingaqhubeka ngqo ekufakweni kwesistimu ye-turbocharging.

1. Okokuqala, kufakwa umgudu wokungenisa owengeziwe.
2. I-exhaust eningi iyasuswa. Ingxenye encane yepayipi yomoya ifakwe endaweni yayo.
   

   I-manifold iyasuswa, ithubhu lomoya elifushane lifakwe endaweni yalo
3. Manje isihlungi somoya siyasuswa kanye nejeneretha.
4. I-Antifreeze ikhishwa ku-radiator eyinhloko (isitsha esingenalutho kufanele sibekwe ngaphansi kwe-radiator ngaphambi kokukhipha amanzi).
5. Ipayipi elixhuma injini ohlelweni lokupholisa liyanqanyulwa.
6. I-lubricant ikhishelwa esitsheni esilungiselelwe ngaphambilini.
7. Imbobo ibhobozwa phezu kwekhava yenjini kusetshenziswa i-drill kagesi. Intambo inqunywa kuyo ngosizo lwempompi, emva kwalokho i-adaptha emise okwesiphambano ifakwe kulo mgodi.
   

   I-adaptha emise okwesiphambano iyadingeka ukuze kuhlelwe ukuhlinzekwa kwamafutha ku-turbine
8. Inzwa kawoyela ikhululiwe.
9. I-turbine ixhunywe kwipayipi lomoya elifakwe ngaphambilini.

Ividiyo: sixhuma i-turbine ku-"classic"

Sifaka i-TURBINE eshibhile ku-VAZ. ingxenye 1

Ukulandelana kokuxhumeka kwe-Compressor

Kushiwo ngenhla ukuthi ukuxhuma uhlelo olugcwele lwe-turbocharging ku-"isithupha" endala kungase kungenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi, nokuthi ukufaka i-compressor evamile kungase kube inketho eyamukelekayo kubashayeli abaningi. Ngakho-ke kunengqondo ukuqaqa ukulandelana kokufakwa kwale divayisi.

1. Isihlungi somoya esidala siyakhishwa epayipini lomoya elingenayo. Kufakwe okusha endaweni yayo, ukumelana kwalesi sihlungi kufanele kube zero.
2. Manje kuthathwa ucezu locingo olukhethekile (ngokuvamile lufika ne-compressor). Omunye umkhawulo walolu cingo uboshwe ekufakeni ku-carburetor, omunye umkhawulo unamathele epayipini lokukhipha umoya ku-compressor. Izinsimbi zensimbi ezivela kukhithi zivame ukusetshenziswa njengezibophelelo.
   

   I-compressor iza nezinto okufanele zixhunywe ngaphambi kokufaka i-compressor.
3. I-turbocharger ngokwayo ifakwe eduze komsabalalisi (kunendawo eyanele lapho, ngakho-ke i-compressor ephakathi ingafakwa ngaphandle kwezinkinga).
4. Cishe wonke ama-compressor esimanje afika nabakaki abafakwayo. Ngalawa mabakaki, i-compressor ixhunywe ku-cylinder block.
5. Ngemva kokufaka i-compressor, akunakwenzeka ukufaka isihlungi somoya esivamile. Ngakho-ke, esikhundleni sezihlungi ezimweni ezijwayelekile, abashayeli babeka amabhokisi akhethekile enziwe ngepulasitiki. Ibhokisi elinjalo lisebenza njengohlobo lwe-adaptha yomjovo womoya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho ibhokisi liqinile, i-compressor izosebenza kahle kakhulu.
   

   Ibhokisi lisebenza njenge-adaptha lapho ucindezela
6. Manje isihlungi esisha sifakiwe eshubhuni yokumunca, ukumelana kwayo kufinyelela ku-zero.

Lokhu kulandelana kuyinto elula futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ephumelela kakhulu lapho ufaka i-turbocharger kuyo yonke i-VAZ "yakudala". Ukubamba iqhaza ekufakweni kwalesi simiso, umshayeli ngokwakhe angabheka izindlela ezintsha zokwandisa ukuqina kwebhokisi nokuxhumeka kwamapayipi. Abantu abaningi basebenzisa i-sealant evamile yokushisa okuphezulu kulokhu, engatholakala kunoma yisiphi isitolo sezingxenye zezimoto.

Indlela uwoyela ahlinzekwa ngayo ku-turbine

Uhlelo oluphelele lwe-turbocharging alukwazi ukusebenza ngaphandle kukawoyela. Ngakho-ke umshayeli onquma ukufaka i-turbine kuzodingeka axazulule le nkinga. Uma i-turbine ifakiwe, i-adaptha ekhethekile ikrufulwa kuyo (ama-adaptha anjalo ngokuvamile afika nama-turbines). Bese kufakwa isikrini esikhipha ukushisa ku-multifold intake. Amafutha ahlinzekwa ku-turbine nge-adaptha, lapho kufakwa khona ishubhu ye-silicone kuqala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-turbine kufanele ifakwe into epholile kanye neshubhu lomoya okuzogeleza ngalo umoya ungene ezindaweni eziningi. Kungale ndlela kuphela lapho izinga lokushisa elamukelekayo lamafutha ahlinzekwa ku-turbine lingafinyelelwa. Kufanele kushiwo lapha ukuthi amasethi amashubhu nezinsimbi zokuhlinzeka uwoyela ezinhlelweni zokushaja ama-turbocharging angatholakala ezitolo zezingxenye.

Isethi yama-nozzles e-turbine izosindisa umshayeli isikhathi esiningi

Isethi enjalo ibiza kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-1200. Naphezu kwentengo ecacile, ukuthengwa okunjalo kuzosindisa umnikazi wemoto isikhathi esiningi, ngoba akudingeki uhlangane nokusika nokufaka amashubhu e-silicone.

Mayelana nama-spigots

Amapayipi ayadingeka hhayi kuphela ekunikezeni amafutha. Amagesi akhipha umoya ku-turbine kumele nawo asuswe. Ukukhipha igesi eningi engasetshenziswa yi-turbine, kusetshenziswa ipayipi elikhulu le-silicone kuma-clamps ensimbi. Kwezinye izimo, isistimu yonke yamapayipi a-silicone isetshenziselwa ukususa ukukhipha (inombolo yabo inqunywa ukuklama kwe-turbine). Ngokuvamile kuba ezimbili, kwezinye izimo ezine. Amapayipi ngaphambi kokufakwa ahlolwe ngokucophelela ukuze angcoliswe ngaphakathi. Noma yikuphi, ngisho nechashaza elincane eliwele ku-turbine, lingabangela ukuphuka. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi ipayipi ngalinye lisulwa ngokucophelela ngaphakathi nge-napkin efakwe kuphalafini.

Amapayipi okukhipha ngokuvamile enziwa nge-silicone

Lapho ukhetha izinsimbi zamapayipi, kufanele ukhumbule: i-silicone ayiyona into ehlala isikhathi eside. Futhi uma, lapho ufaka ipayipi, qinisa i-clamp yensimbi kakhulu, khona-ke ingamane inqume ipayipi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, abashayeli abanolwazi batusa ukuthi bangasebenzisi izinsimbi zensimbi nhlobo, kodwa basebenzise izinsimbi ezenziwe ngepulasitiki ekhethekile yokushisa okuphezulu. Ihlinzeka ngokuqiniswa okuthembekile futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ayinqamuli i-silicone.

I-turbine ixhunywe kanjani ku-carburetor?

Uma umshayeli enquma ukuxhuma uhlelo lwe-turbo ngokuqondile nge-carburetor, khona-ke kufanele alungele izinkinga eziningi okufanele zixazululwe. Okokuqala, ngale ndlela yokuxhuma, ukusetshenziswa komoya kuzokhula kakhulu. Okwesibili, i-turbine kuzodingeka ibekwe eduze kwe-carburetor, futhi kukhona isikhala esincane kakhulu lapho. Yingakho umshayeli kufanele acabange kabili ngaphambi kokufaka isixazululo esinjalo sobuchwepheshe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma i-turbine isengakwazi ukubekwa eduze kwe-carburetor, izosebenza kahle kakhulu, ngoba akudingeki ichithe amandla ekunikezeni ukugeleza komoya ngohlelo olude lwamapayipi.

Kunezindlela ezimbili zokufaka i-turbine eduze kwe-carburetor.

Ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha kuma-carburetor amadala ku-"six" kulawulwa amajethi amathathu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuneziteshi zikaphethiloli eziningana. Lapho i-carburetor isebenza ngokujwayelekile, ingcindezi kulezi ziteshi ayikhuphuki ngaphezu kwebha ye-1.8, ngakho lezi ziteshi zenza imisebenzi yazo ngokuphelele. Kodwa ngemva kokufaka i-turbine, isimo siyashintsha. Kunezindlela ezimbili zokuxhuma isistimu ye-turbocharging.

1. Ukufakwa ngemuva kwe-carburetor. Uma i-turbine ibekwe kanje, ingxube kaphethiloli kufanele idlule kulo lonke uhlelo.
2. Ukufakwa phambi kwe-carburetor. Kulokhu, i-turbine izophoqa umoya kwelinye icala, futhi ingxube kaphethiloli ngeke idlule ku-turbine.

Indlela ngayinye inakho kokubili okuhle nokubi:

• indlela yokuqala ilula kakhulu. Yebo, umfutho womoya ohlelweni ngeke ube phezulu kakhulu. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-carburetor ngeke kudingeke ukuba ithuthukiswe kakhulu, ifake i-valve eyengeziwe ye-compressor kanye nama-coolers engeziwe;
• indlela yesibili inzima kakhulu. Ingcindezi ephelele ohlelweni izoba phezulu kakhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, okuqukethwe kwe-CO ekukhishweni kwemoto kuzoba phansi, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, kuzoba lula ukuqala injini ebandayo. Kodwa ukusebenzisa uxhumano olunjalo kunzima kakhulu, ngoba kuzodingeka uthuthukise i-carburetor, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla.

Mayelana nokuxhuma ama-turbines kumjovo

Ukufaka i-turbocharging system enjinini yomjovo kufaneleka kakhulu kune-carburetor. Ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kuba phansi, ukusebenza kwenjini kuba ngcono. Lokhu kusebenza ikakhulukazi kumapharamitha emvelo. Ziyathuthuka, njengoba cishe ingxenye yesine yegesi ekhishwayo ingakhishelwa endaweni ezungezile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudlidliza kwe-motor kuzokwehla. Ukulandelana kokuxhuma i-turbine ezinjinini zokujova sekunemininingwane eminingi ngenhla, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokuyiphinda. Kodwa kukhona okusadinga ukwengezwa. Abanye abanikazi bemishini yokujova bazama ukukhulisa umfutho we-turbine. Ukuze bafeze lokhu, bahlakaza i-turbine, bathole okuthiwa i-actuator kuyo bese befaka isiphethu esiqinisiwe ngaphansi kwayo esikhundleni sezinga elijwayelekile. Amashubhu amaningana axhunywe kuma-solenoid ku-turbine. Lawa mashubhu ayathuliswa, kuyilapho i-solenoid ihlala ixhumekile kusixhumi sayo. Zonke lezi zinyathelo ziholela ekwenyukeni kwengcindezi ekhiqizwa i-turbine ngo-15-20%.

Ihlolwa kanjani i-turbine?

Ngaphambi kokufaka i-turbine, kunconywa kakhulu ukushintsha uwoyela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukufaka esikhundleni isihlungi sikawoyela nesihlungi somoya. Ukulandelana kokuhlola isistimu ye-turbocharging imi kanje:

• i-turbine kufanele ihlolwe ukuvuza kukawoyela (lokhu kusebenza kuyo yomibili ingxenye uwoyela ohlinzekwa ngayo kanye nengxenye lapho udonsa khona ku-turbine);
• yonke imigudu yomoya nayo ihlolwa ngokucophelela. Ayikho kuzo okufanele iqukathe ukungcola nezinto zangaphandle;
• uma umshini ufakwe i-catalyst, khona-ke kufanele futhi uhlolwe ukuguga (ukuphuma ngokweqile okuvela ku-catalyst egugile kungalimaza kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-turbine, akukwazi nje ukubhekana nevolumu enkulu yegesi engenayo);
  

  Ukwazi idivayisi ye-turbine, kulula ukuhlola ukusebenza kwayo
• Okokugcina, kufanele uhlole ukuthi i-rotor ye-turbine ijikeleza ngokujwayelekile. I-buzz eyenziwe yi-rotor kufanele ibe iyunifomu. Akufanele iqukathe noma imiphi imisindo engaphandle: i-creaking, ikhwela, njll.

Ngakho-ke, ukufaka i-turbine ku-VAZ 2106 kuyinkqubo ende futhi ebuhlungu. Kwezinye izimo, esikhundleni se-turbine egcwele, ungacabanga ngokufaka i-turbocharger. Lena inketho engabizi kakhulu futhi elula. Hhayi-ke, uma umnikazi wemoto enqume ngokuqinile ukubeka i-turbine "eziyisithupha" zakhe, kufanele alungiselele ukuthuthukiswa kwenjini okunzima kanye nezindleko ezinkulu zezimali.