Injini engu-R4 - injani idizayini yayo futhi isetshenziswe kuziphi izimoto?

Injini engu-R4 ifakwe ezithuthuthu, ezimotweni nasezimotweni zomjaho. Okuvame kakhulu yilokhu okubizwa ngokuthi izinhlobonhlobo zezine ezilula ezinesakhiwo esiqondile, kodwa phakathi kwemiklamo esetshenzisiwe kukhona uhlobo oluyisicaba lwenjini - i-flat four. Uma ufuna ukufunda okwengeziwe mayelana nezinhlobo zezithuthuthu ngazinye futhi uhlole imininingwane ebalulekile, sikumema engxenyeni elandelayo yesihloko.

Ulwazi oluyisisekelo mayelana neyunithi yamandla

Injini inamasilinda amane ngokulandelana. Izinhlobonhlobo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zisuka ku-1,3 kuye ku-2,5 amalitha. Isicelo sabo sihlanganisa kokubili izimoto ezenziwe namuhla kanye nezimoto ezenziwe ngaphambili, njenge-Bentley enethangi le-4,5-litre lango-1927-1931.

Amayunithi anamandla akulayini nawo akhiqizwa abakwaMitsubishi. Lezi bekuyizinjini ezingu-3,2-litre zePajero, Shogun neMontero SUV. KwaToyota bakhiphe iyunithi engu-3,0 litre. Izinjini ze-R4 ziphinde zisetshenziswe emalolini anesisindo esiphakathi kwamathani angu-7,5 no-18. Afakwe amamodeli edizili anevolumu yokusebenza engamalitha ayi-5. Kusetshenziswa izinjini ezinkulu, isibonelo. ezitimeleni, emikhunjini nasekufakweni okumile.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi izinjini ze-R4 nazo zifakwe ezimotweni ezincane, okuthiwa. kay iloli. Amayunithi angama-660cc akhiqizwa yi-Subaru kusukela ngo-1961 kuya ku-2012 futhi asakazwa yi-Daihatsu kusukela ngo-2012. 

Izici zenjini yomugqa 

Iyunithi isebenzisa i-crankshaft enokulinganisa okuyinhloko okuhle kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-pistons ahamba ngamabili ngokuhambisana - uma elinye liye phezulu, elinye liyehla. Nokho, lokhu akwenzeki endabeni yenjini yokuzithungela.

Kulokhu, kwenzeka into ebizwa ngokuthi ukungalingani kwesibili. Isebenza ukuze ijubane lama-pistons engxenyeni engaphezulu ye-crankshaft rotation ibe likhulu kune-acceleration yama-piston engxenyeni engezansi yokuzungeza.

Lokhu kubangela ukudlidliza okuqinile, futhi lokhu kuthinteka ikakhulukazi isilinganiso sobuningi be-piston kuya kubude benduku yokuxhuma kanye nokushaywa kwe-piston, kanye nesivinini sayo esiphezulu. Ukuze kuncishiswe lesi simo, ama-piston alula asetshenziswa ezimotweni ezijwayelekile, kanti ezimotweni zomjaho kusetshenziswa izinduku ezixhuma ezinde.

Izinjini ezidume kakhulu ze-R4 iPontiac, iPorsche neHonda

Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezinkulu ze-powertrain ezafakwa ezimotweni ezikhiqizwa kakhulu yiPontiac Tempest 1961 cc yango-3188. Enye injini enkulu yokuthutha ingu-2990 cc. cm efakwe ku-Porsche 3. 

La mayunithi asetshenziswa nasezimotweni zomjaho namaloli amancane. Leli qembu lihlanganisa injini ye-diesel efika ku-4,5 amalitha, efakwe umenzi we-Mercedes-Benz MBE 904 enamandla angu-170 hp. ngo-2300 rpm. Ngokulandelayo, injini encane ye-R4 yafakwa ku-360 Mazda P1961 Carol. Kwakuyi-pushrod evamile engu-358cc. 

Ezinye izinhlobo zenjini ye-R4 ezidumile yiFord T, i-Austin A-series subcompact unit, kanye neHonda ED, eyaqala ubuhlakani beCVCC. Leli qembu lihlanganisa nemodeli yeGM Quad-4, okwakuyinjini yokuqala yaseMelika enamavalvu amaningi, kanye neHonda F20C enamandla engu-240 hp. ngevolumu engu-2,0 amalitha.

Ukusetshenziswa motor in racing sports

Injini engu-R4 ibisetshenziswa kwezemidlalo yomjaho. Kwakuyimoto enale njini, eyayishayelwa uJules Gu, eyawina i-Indianapolis 500. Ulwazi olubalulekile ukuthi ngokokuqala ngqá kusetshenziswa ama-camshaft angaphezulu aphindwe kabili (DOHC) nama-valve angu-4 isilinda. 

Enye iphrojekthi entsha kwakuyisithuthuthu esakhelwe iFerrari ngu-Aurelio Lampredi. Bekungeyokuqala emine ilandelana emlandweni weFormula 1 evela ku-Italian Scuderia. Iyunithi engu-2,5-litre yafakwa kuqala ku-625 kwase kufakwa ku-860 Monza lapho kushintshwa amalitha angu-3,4.