Ukuhlelwa kokumakwa kwamabhethri kubakhiqizi abahlukahlukene

Lapho uthenga ibhethri elishajekayo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi izici zalo, unyaka wokwenziwa, amandla nezinye izinkomba. Njengomthetho, lonke lolu lwazi luboniswa ilebula lebhethri. Abakhiqizi baseRussia, baseMelika, baseYurophu nabase-Asia banamazinga abo wokuqopha. Kulesi sihloko, sizobhekana nezimpawu zokumaka izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zebhethri nokuncipha kwalo.

Izinketho zokumaka

Ikhodi yokumaka izoncika hhayi ezweni lomkhiqizi kuphela, kodwa futhi nakuhlobo lwebhethri. Amabhethri ahlukahlukene asetshenziselwa izinhloso ezihlukile. Kunamabhethri okuqala enzelwe ukusetshenziswa ezimotweni. Kukhona ezinamandla ngokwengeziwe, ezishajiwe nezinye. Yonke le mingcele kufanele icaciselwe umthengi.

Njengomthetho, ukumaka kufanele kuqukethe imininingwane elandelayo:

• igama nezwe lomkhiqizi;
• umthamo webhethri;
• i-voltage elinganisiwe, i-cranking yamanje ebandayo;
• uhlobo lwebhethri;
• usuku nonyaka wokukhishwa;
• inani lamaseli (amathini) esimweni sebhethri;
• ubuningi boxhumana nabo;
• izinhlamvu zamagama ezibonisa amapharamitha njengokushaja noma ukunakekelwa.

Izinga ngalinye linezici zalo ezivamile, kodwa futhi nezici zalo. Isibonelo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukufunda usuku lokwenziwa kwalo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ibhethri kufanele ligcinwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezikhethekile nasekushiseni okuthile. Isitoreji esingalungile singathinta ikhwalithi yebhethri. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukukhetha amabhethri amasha ngokushaja okugcwele.

Amabhethri enziwe ngeRussia

Amabhethri akhishwa kabusha aseRussia anelebula ngokuya nge-GOST 959-91. Incazelo ihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezine ezihambisa imininingwane ethile.

1. Inani lamaseli (amathini) esimweni sebhethri liyakhonjiswa. Inani elijwayelekile liyisithupha. Ngamunye unikeza i-voltage engaphezulu kwe-2V, engeza ku-12V.
2. Uhlamvu lwesibili lukhombisa uhlobo lwebhethri. Ezimotweni, lezi izinhlamvu "ST", okusho ukuthi "ukuqala".
3. Izinombolo ezilandelayo zibonisa umthamo webhethri ngamahora we-ampere.
4. Ezinye izinhlamvu zingabonisa okokusebenza kwecala nesimo sebhethri.

Isibonelo. 6ST-75AZ. Inombolo "6" ikhombisa inani lamathini. I- "ST" ikhombisa ukuthi ibhethri liyaqala. Umthamo webhethri ungama-75 A * h. "A" kusho ukuthi umzimba unesembozo esifanayo kuzo zonke izinto. "Z" kusho ukuthi ibhethri ligcwele i-electrolyte futhi ishajiwe.

Izinhlamvu zokugcina zingasho okulandelayo:

• A - ikhava ejwayelekile yebhethri.
• З - ibhethri ligcwele i-electrolyte futhi ligcwaliswe ngokuphelele.
• T - umzimba wenziwe nge-thermoplastic.
• M - umzimba wenziwe ngeplastikhi yamaminerali.
• E - umzimba we-ebonite.
• P - izihlukanisi ezenziwe nge-polyethylene noma i-microfiber.

I-inrush yamanje ayinalebuli, kepha ingatholwa kwamanye amalebula asecaleni. Uhlobo ngalunye lwebhethri lamandla ahlukile lunamandla alo okuqala wamanje, ubukhulu bomzimba nobude bokukhipha. Amanani akhonjiswa kuthebula elilandelayo:

Uhlobo lwebhethri	Starter ukukhishwa imodi		Ubukhulu bebhethri jikelele, mm
Khipha amandla amanje, u-A	Isikhathi esincane sokukhishwa, iminithi	Ubude	Ububanzi	Ukuphakama
6ST-55	255	2,5	262	174	226
6ST-55A	255	2,5	242	175	210
6ST-60	180	3	283	182	237
6ST-66A	300	2,5	278	175	210
6ST-75	225	3	358	177	240
6ST-77A	350	2,5	340	175	210
6ST-90	270	3	421	186	240
6ST-110A	470	2,5	332	215	230

Ibhethri elenziwe ngeYurophu

Abakhiqizi baseYurophu basebenzisa izindinganiso ezimbili zokumaka:

1. I-ENT (Inombolo Ejwayelekile yaseYurophu) - ebhekwa njengamazwe omhlaba.
2. I-DIN (Deutsche Industri Normen) - isetshenziswa eJalimane.

ENT ejwayelekile

Ikhodi ye-ENT yamazwe aphesheya yaseYurophu iqukethe amadijithi ayisishiyagalolunye, ahlukaniswe ngokujwayelekile abe izingxenye ezine.

1. Inombolo yokuqala ikhombisa ububanzi besilinganiso sebhethri:
   • "5" - ibanga lifike ku-99 A * h;
   • "6" - ebangeni kusuka ku-100 kuye ku-199 A * h;
   • "7" - kusuka ku-200 kuye ku-299 A * h.
2. Izinombolo ezimbili ezilandelayo zibonisa inani eliqondile lomthamo webhethri. Isibonelo, "75" ifana no-75 A * h. Ungathola futhi umthamo ngokususa ama-500 kumadijithi amathathu okuqala.
3. Izinombolo ezintathu ngemuva kokukhombisa izici zokuklanywa. Izinombolo ezivela ku-0-9 zibonisa izinto zecala, ubumbano, uhlobo lwebhethri, nokuningi. Imininingwane engaphezulu ngamanani ingatholakala kumanuwali yokufunda.
4. Izinombolo ezintathu ezilandelayo zibonisa inani lamanje lokuqala. Kepha ukuze ukuthole, udinga ukwenza izibalo ezithile. Udinga ukuphindaphinda amadijithi amabili wokugcina ngo-10 noma vele ungeze u-0, bese uthola inani eligcwele. Isibonelo, inombolo 030 isho ukuthi okwamanje okuqala kungu-300A.

Ngaphezu kwekhodi eyinhloko, kungahle kube nezinye izinkomba kusimo sebhethri ngesimo sezithombe noma izithombe. Bakhombisa ukuhambisana kwebhethri ngemishini ehlukile, inhloso, izinto zokwenziwa, ubukhona bohlelo lwe- "Start-Stop", njalonjalo.

I-DIN ejwayelekile

Amabhethri e-German Bosch adumile ahambisana nezinga le-DIN. Kunamadijithi ayisihlanu kukhodi yayo, okuyigama elihluke kancane kunelejwayelekile le-European ENT.

Izinombolo zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu:

1. Idijithi yokuqala ikhombisa ibanga lomthamo webhethri:
   • "5" - kufika ku-100 A * h;
   • "6" - kufika ku-200 A * h;
   • "7" - ngaphezulu kuka-200 A * h.
2. Izinombolo zesibili nezesithathu zibonisa umthamo oqondile webhethri. Udinga ukwenza izibalo ezifanayo nakwizinga laseYurophu - khipha ama-500 kumadijithi amathathu okuqala.
3. Amadijithi wesine nawesihlanu akhombisa isigaba sebhethri ngokosayizi, ubukhulu, uhlobo lwezindlu, iziqobosho zezembozo nezinto zangaphakathi.

Ulwazi lwamanje lwe-Inrush lungatholakala nasecaleni lebhethri, elihlukile kulebula.

Amabhethri enziwe aseMelika

Izinga laseMelika libizwa ngokuthi yi-SAE J537. Ukumaka kusetshenziswa uhlamvu olulodwa nezinombolo ezinhlanu.

1. Incwadi ikhombisa indawo okuyiwa kuyo. "A" imele ibhethri lemoto.
2. Izinombolo ezimbili ezilandelayo zibonisa ubukhulu bebhethri njengoba kukhonjisiwe etafuleni. Isibonelo, i- "34" ifana nobukhulu obungu-260 × 173 × 205 mm. Kunamaqembu amaningi nosayizi abehlukene. Kwesinye isikhathi lezi zinombolo zingalandelwa uhlamvu "R". Kukhombisa ukubuyela emuva okuguqukayo. Uma kungenjalo, i-polarity iqondile.
3. Izinombolo ezintathu ezilandelayo zibonisa inani lamanje lokuqala.

Isibonelo. Ukumaka i-A34R350 kusho ukuthi ibhethri lemoto linobukhulu obungu-260 × 173 × 205 mm, lihlehlisa i-polarity futhi lihambisa i-350A yamanje. Yonke eminye imininingwane itholakala ecaleni lebhethri.

Ama-Asia enza amabhethri

Alikho izinga elilodwa lesifunda sonke sase-Asia, kepha okuvame kakhulu yizinga le-JIS. Abakhiqizi bazama ukudida umthengi ngangokunokwenzeka ekucaciseni ikhodi. Uhlobo lwase-Asia lunzima kakhulu. Ukuletha izinkomba zokumakwa kwase-Asia kumanani aseYurophu, udinga ukwazi ama-nuances athile. Umehluko othile ngokwamandla. Isibonelo, i-110 A * h kubhethri laseKorea noma laseJapan lilingana ne-90 A * h kwibhethri laseYurophu.

Izinga lokulebula le-JIS liqukethe izinhlamvu eziyisithupha ezimele izici ezine:

1. Izinombolo ezimbili zokuqala zikhombisa umthamo. Kufanele wazi ukuthi inani elibonisiwe lingumkhiqizo womthamo ngento ethile, kuya ngamandla okuqala nezinye izinkomba.
2. Uhlamvu lwesibili incwadi. Incwadi ikhombisa ubukhulu nebanga lebhethri. Kungaba amanani ayisishiyagalombili esewonke, afakwe kuhlu olulandelayo:
   • A - 125 × 160 mm;
   • B - 129 × 203 mm;
   • C - 135 × 207 mm;
   • U-D - 173 × 204 mm;
   • U-E - 175 × 213 mm;
   • F - 182 × 213 mm;
   • G - 222 × 213 mm;
   • H - 278 × 220 mm.
3. Izinombolo ezimbili ezilandelayo zibonisa ubukhulu bebhethri ngamasentimitha, imvamisa ubude.
4. Uhlamvu lokugcina lohlamvu R noma L lukhombisa ubumbano.

Futhi, ekuqaleni noma ekugcineni kokumaka, izikhombisi ezahlukahlukene zingakhonjiswa. Zibonisa uhlobo lwebhethri:

• I-SMF (Isondlo Esivaliwe) - ikhombisa ukuthi ibhethri alinakekeli.
• I-MF (Isondlo Mahhala) ibhethri lesondlo.
• I-AGM (Absorbent Glass Mat) ibhethri elingena sondlo ngokususelwa kubuchwepheshe be-AGM.
• I-GEL ibhethri le-GEL elingenalondolozo.
• I-VRLA ibhethri elingena sondlo elinama-valve alawula ingcindezi.

Usuku lokumaka ukukhishwa kwamabhethri abakhiqizi abahlukene

Ukwazi usuku lokukhishwa kwebhethri kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukusebenza kwedivayisi kuncike kakhulu kulokhu. Kufana nokudla okusesitolo - kuba ngcono ngokwengeziwe.

Abakhiqizi abahlukahlukene basondela enkombeni yosuku lokukhiqiza ngokuhlukile. Kwesinye isikhathi, ukuze uyibone, udinga ukwazi kakhulu ukubhalwa. Ake sibheke imikhiqizo emisha ethandwayo kanye nezinsuku zazo.

IBerga, iBosch neVarta

Lezi zitembu zinendlela efanayo yokukhombisa izinsuku nolunye ulwazi. Isibonelo, inani le-H0C753032 lingacaciswa. Kuyo, incwadi yokuqala ikhombisa indawo yokukhiqiza, eyesibili ikhombisa inombolo yokuhambisa, kanti eyesithathu ikhombisa uhlobo lwe-oda. Usuku lubethelwe ngezinhlamvu zesine, zesihlanu nezesithupha. “7” yidijithi yokugcina yonyaka. Esimweni sethu, lokhu kungu-2017. Okulandelayo okubili kuhambelana nenyanga ethile. Kungaba:

• 17 - Januwari;
• 18 - Februwari;
• Mashi 19;
• 20 - Ephreli;
• 53 - Meyi;
• 54 - Juni;
• 55 - Julayi;
• 56 - Agasti;
• 57 - Septhemba;
• 58 - Okthoba;
• 59 - Novemba;
• 60 - Disemba.

Esibonelweni sethu, usuku lokukhiqiza lungoMeyi 2017.

I-A-mega, i-FireBull, i-EnergyBox, iPlasma, iVirbac

Isibonelo sokumaka ngu-0581 64-OS4 127/18. Usuku lubethelwe kumadijithi amahlanu okugcina. Izinombolo ezintathu zokuqala zikhombisa usuku oluqondile lonyaka. Usuku lwe-127 nguMeyi 7. Imibili yokugcina ingunyaka. Usuku lokukhiqiza - Meyi 7, 2018.

Imedali, uDelkor, uBost

Isibonelo sokumaka ngu-9А05ВМ. Usuku lokukhiqiza lubethelwe ngezinhlamvu ezimbili zokuqala. Izinombolo zokuqala zisho idijithi yokugcina yonyaka - 2019. Incwadi ikhombisa inyanga. A - Januwari. B - Februwari, ngokulandelana, njalonjalo.

Isikhungo

Isibonelo yi-KL8E42. Dala ngohlamvu lwesithathu nolwesine. Inombolo 8 ikhombisa unyaka - 2018, kanye nohlamvu - inyanga ngokulandelana. Nangu u-E ngoMeyi.

Inkokhelo

Isibonelo sokumaka ngu-2936. Inombolo yesibili ikhombisa unyaka - 2019. Izimbili zokugcina inombolo yesonto lonyaka. Ngokwethu, leli yisonto lama-36, elihambisana noSepthemba.

I-Flamenco

Isibonelo - 823411. Idijithi yokuqala ikhombisa unyaka wokwenziwa. Lapha 2018. Amadijithi amabili alandelayo akhombisa nenombolo yesonto yonyaka. Kithina, lokhu kunguJuni. Idijithi yesine ikhombisa usuku lwesonto ngokwe-akhawunti - uLwesine (4).

I-NordStar, iSznajder

Isibonelo sokumaka - 0555 3 3 205 9. Idijithi yokugcina ikhombisa unyaka, kepha ukuze uyithole, udinga ukukhipha eyodwa kule nombolo. Kuvela u-8 - 2018. 205 ku-cipher kukhombisa inani losuku lonyaka.

rocket

Isibonelo yi-KS7C28. Usuku lusezinhlamvini ezine zokugcina. "7" kusho u-2017. Uhlamvu C yinyanga ngokulandelana kwezinhlamvu zamagama. 28 usuku lwenyanga. Kithina, kuvela Mashi 28, 2017.

IPanasonic, Ibhethri leFurukawa

Laba bakhiqizi bakhomba ngqo usuku ngaphandle kokufakwa okungadingekile nezibalo ezansi kwebhethri noma ohlangothini lwecala. Ifomethi HH.MM.YY.

Abakhiqizi baseRussia nabo bavame ukukhombisa ngqo usuku lokukhiqizwa ngaphandle kwama-cipher angenasidingo. Umehluko ungaba kuphela ngokulandelana kokukhombisa inyanga nonyaka.

Ukumaka kwebhethri

Ubuningi bamatheminali buvame ukukhonjiswa ngokusobala ezindlini ezinezimpawu "" no "-". Imvamisa, ukuhola okuhle kunobubanzi obukhulu kunokuhola okungalungile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubukhulu kumabhethri aseYurophu nase-Asia ahlukile.

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, abakhiqizi abahlukahlukene basebenzisa izindinganiso zabo ukumaka nokubekwa kosuku. Kwesinye isikhathi kunzima ukuyiqonda. Kepha njengoba ulungiselele kusengaphambili, ungakhetha ibhethri eliphakeme kakhulu ngamapharamitha womthamo nezici ezidingekayo. Kwanele ukucacisa kahle amagama ezincwadini zebhethri.