Ihlola ukuqhubeka ngocingo olude

Okuqukethwe

Kuyini ukuqhubeka?
Ukusebenzisa i-multimeter
Izinyathelo Zokuhlola Ukuqhubeka Kucingo Olude
Amanothi nezinye izikhumbuzi

Uzama ukulungisa izinto zikagesi ezinephutha kodwa awukwazi ukuthola ukuthi yini engalungile?

Inkinga ingase ibonakale nje. Abantu bavame ukunganaki isimo sezintambo ezinde lapho belungisa izinto zikagesi. Izintambo zikagesi ziklanyelwe ukuthi zihlale iminyaka, kodwa ezinye izici ezifana nokubamba kabi nokuchayeka ezakhini zingazibangela ukuba ziphuke. Ukuhlola izintambo ukuthi ziyaqhubeka yini ukuphela kwendlela yokuqinisekisa ukuthi izintambo zakho zisasebenza.

Sheshisa ukulungisa ngokufunda indlela yokuhlola ucingo olude ukuze uqhubeke.

Kuyini ukuqhubeka?

Ukuqhubeka kukhona lapho izinto ezimbili zixhunywe nge-elekthronikhi.

Izintambo zihambisa ugesi, ngakho uthole ukuqhubeka ngokuxhuma iswishi elula esibani. Ngokufanayo, impahla engawuhambisi ugesi, njengokhuni, ayinikezi ukuqhubeka. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi impahla ayixhumeki nge-elekthronikhi izinto ezimbili.

Ezingeni elijulile, ukuqhubeka kukhona lapho indlela yokuqhuba amandla kagesi ingaphazanyiswa.

Izintambo zikagesi zingama-conductor nama-resistors. Ilawula ukugeleza kwama-electron nama-ion ukuya nokusuka ekugcineni ngakunye. Ukuqhubeka kubonisa ukuthi ugesi uhamba kahle kangakanani ngocingo. Ukufunda okuqhubekayo kahle kusho ukuthi zonke izintambo zocingo zilungile.

Ukuhlolwa kokuqhubeka kuhlola ubuqotho bezinto zikagesi nezakhi zikagesi. Lokhu kwenziwa kusetshenziswa isekethe yomhloli ukukala inani lokumelana.

Ukuntuleka kokuqhubeka kudala izinkinga eziningi nge-elekthronikhi nezingxenye, njenge:

I-bluse fuse
Ukushintsha akusebenzi
Izindlela zamaketango ezivinjiwe
Ama-conductor amafushane
Izintambo ezingalungile

Ukusebenzisa i-multimeter

I-multimeter iyisekhethi yomhloli ebalulekile yanoma imaphi amaphrojekthi ahlobene nogesi.

Leli thuluzi eliphathwa ngesandla likala amapharamitha kagesi afana ne-voltage, amandla kanye nokumelana. Iza ngezinguqulo ze-analog nezedijithali, kodwa inhloso eyisisekelo nemininingwane ihlala ifana. Iza nama-lead probe amabili, intambo ebomvu ephozithivu kanye nocingo olunegethivu omnyama, olukala amanani kagesi lapho uthintana nezinto zikagesi.

I-analog multimeter eshibhile isebenza kahle njengesihloli sokuqhubeka, kodwa futhi ungase ufune ukutshala kuma-multimeters edijithali ukuze uthole izici zawo ezengeziwe nokufunda okunembe kakhudlwana. Ama-DMM kwesinye isikhathi anesici esikhethekile sokuhlola ukuqhubeka.

Izinyathelo Zokuhlola Ukuqhubeka Kucingo Olude

Manje njengoba usuqonda izisekelo zokuqhubeka, sekuyisikhathi sokufunda ukuthi ungayihlola kanjani intambo ende ukuze iqhubeke.

Okuwukuphela kwethuluzi ozolidinga ukuze uhlole ukuqhubeka i-multimeter elula. Kodwa khumbula ukuhlala uphephile ngokugqoka amagiya okuvikela ayisisekelo ngenkathi wenza lokhu kuhlolwa.

Isinyathelo 1 - Vala ugesi bese unqamula intambo

Ungalokothi uhlole ubuqotho bentambo ebukhoma.

Vala isekethe enkulu enikezela ngogesi ocingweni. Qiniseka ukuthi awukho ugesi osebenza ocingweni, njengoba intambo ephilayo ingabangela imiphumela engathandeki.

Nqamula ucingo kunoma yiziphi izingxenye ezixhunyiwe kanye nesekhethi ngokwayo.

Khipha ngokuphepha noma yimaphi ama-capacitor akhona kusekethe ngaphambi kokuthinta ezinye izakhi. Uma ucingo luxhunywe ezingxenyeni ezinjengamaswishi noma izisekelo zezibani, bese unqamula ngokucophelela ucingo kuzo.

Bese ususa ucingo kusekethe. Yenza lokhu ngokukhipha intambo ngokucophelela ekuxhumekeni kwayo. Qaphela ukuthi ungalimazi ucingo phakathi nale nqubo. Thatha ucingo olukhishwe ngokuphelele uye endaweni yokusebenza yamahhala.

Isinyathelo sesi-2 - Setha i-multimeter yakho

Okokuqala, vula ukudayela kwe-multimeter ku-ohms.

Isibonisi kufanele sibonise "1" noma "OL". "OL" imele "Open Loop"; leli inani eliphezulu elingenzeka esikalini sokulinganisa. Lawa manani asho ukuthi ukuqhubeka kuka-zero kukaliwe.

Xhuma imikhondo yokuhlola kumasokhethi afanelekile ku-multimeter.

Xhuma isivivinyo esimnyama kujeke we-COM (okusho okuvamile). Xhuma isivivinyo esibomvu kusixhumi se-VΩ. Kuye ngemodeli ye-multimeter yakho, ingase ibe namaphoyinti okuxhumana esikhundleni sesixhumi se-COM. Ngaso sonke isikhathi bheka imanuwali uma ungenaso isiqiniseko mayelana nokuxhumana okuyikho kwezinzwa.

Ungavumeli ama-multimeter probes ukuthintana nanoma yini ngaphambi kokuhlola ukuqhubeka. Lokhu kungase kushintshe ukufundwa okutholiwe. Futhi qaphela ukuhleleka kokuxhuma izintambo. Lolu lwazi luzodingeka kamuva lapho i-multimeter ipakishwa ngemva kokusetshenziswa.

Setha ububanzi be-multimeter bubekwe kunani elilungile.

Inani le-span olisethile linquma ukumelana kwengxenye. Amabanga aphansi asetshenziselwa izingxenye ze-impedance ephansi. Amabanga aphezulu asetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukumelana okuphezulu. Ukusetha i-multimeter ku-200 ohms kwanele ukuhlola ubuqotho bezintambo ezinde.

Isinyathelo sesi-3 - Xhuma umkhondo we-multimeter ocingweni

Ukuqhubeka akukona ukuqondisa - asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka ngokuxhuma izinzwa ekugcineni okungalungile. Ukushintsha indawo yama-probe akuthinti isilinganiso sokumelana.

Kubalulekile ukuxhuma i-probe iholela ensimbi yocingo. Beka i-probe eyodwa ekugcineni kocingo. Qiniseka ukuthi i-probe ithintana kahle nocingo ukuze uthole ukufundwa okunembile.

Isilinganiso esithathwe kulesi sihloli sokuqhubeka kufanele siboniswe ku-multimeter. Udinga ukubheka izilinganiso ezimbili: "1" namanye amanani asondele ku-0.

Amanani aseduze noziro atolikwa njengokuqhubeka phakathi kwezinzwa nocingo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isifunda sivaliwe noma siqediwe. Ugesi ungahamba ngokukhululeka ocingweni ngaphandle kwenkinga.

Inani "1" lihunyushwa ngokuthi ukuqhubeka okuyize. Leli nani libonisa ukuthi i-wire circuit ivuliwe. Lokhu kungasho izinto ezintathu ezingenzeka:

Ukuqhubeka kukaziro
Kukhona ukumelana okungapheli
Amandla kagesi aphezulu akhona

Ungahlola umnyombo wenkinga, kodwa ukuqhubeka kweqanda kusho ukuthi ucingo alusebenzi kahle kwasekuqaleni futhi ludinga ukushintshwa.

Isinyathelo sesi-4 - Susa futhi Uhlukanise i-Multimeter

Susa i-multimeter ngemva kokuhlola ukuqhubeka.

Indlela efanele yokukhipha ama-probe ku-multimeter ilandelana ngokuhlehlayo kokuhlanganisa. Uma i-probe ebomvu ifakwe ekugcineni, yisuse kuqala, futhi ngokuphambene nalokho. Kungase kubonakale kuyisicefe, kodwa ukuqaqa kahle i-multimeter yakho kuzokwandisa impilo yayo.

Vala i-multimeter futhi uyibeke endaweni efanele yokugcina. (1)

Amanothi nezinye izikhumbuzi

Ngaphambi kokuhlola ukuqhubeka, hlola njalo ukuthi awusekho ugesi ogeleza ezintanjeni.

Ukuthintana ngengozi ne-voltage ephezulu ngokuvamile kubangela ukushaqeka kukagesi nokusha. Kwezinye izimo, lokhu kungaholela ekulimaleni okubi kakhulu noma ukufa. Vimbela lokhu ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho okwamanje okugeleza kusekethe kanye nezingxenye zayo.

Ukugqoka amagiya okuzivikela kuyisinyathelo esihle kakhulu sokuzivikela ngokumelene nokushaqeka kukagesi. Nakuba izinto zokuvikela ngokuvamile azisetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukuqhubeka okulula, kunconywa kakhulu. Ama-multimeters amasha afakwe ukuvikelwa kokulayisha ngokweqile kuze kufike ku-voltage ethile. Lokhu kunikeza umsebenzisi izinga elithile lokuvikela ugesi. (2)

Njalo hlola imanuwali yakho ye-multimeter ukuze uthole imiyalelo yokuthi ukala kanjani ukumelana.

Kunamamodeli amaningi ama-multimeter atholakalayo emakethe, iningi lawo anemisebenzi ehlukene. Amanye ama-multimeters eza nenkinobho yokuqhubeka okufanele icindezelwe ukuze kuhlolwe ukuqhubeka. Amamodeli amasha aphinde akhale uma kutholwa ukuqhubeka. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuhlola ukuqhubeka ngaphandle kokuhlola inani.

Bheka ezinye zezihloko zethu ngezansi.