Ukuhlolwa kwemoto ngekhodi ye-VIN
Okuqukethwe
Iningi labashayeli besimanje bayasiqaphela isidingo sokuhlolisiswa kwemoto lapho beyithenga emakethe yesibili ngenxa yokulimala noma ukulimala okufihliwe. Kodwa-ke, akubalulekile kangako kulezi zinsuku isheke kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlanzeka okusemthethweni kwemoto ethengiwe: inani labanikazi, ukubambisana, umlando wengozi, njalonjalo. Ukuhlola imoto nge-VIN yayo kungasiza ngalolu lwazi olubalulekile abathengisi abavame ukufuna ukulufihla.
Yini i-VIN
Ikhodi ye-VIN yemoto (kusukela enombolweni ye-English Vehicle identification, VIN) iyinhlanganisela yezinombolo zesi-Arabhu nezinhlamvu zesiLatini, ngenxa yokuthi noma iyiphi imoto ekhiqizwa ezimbonini ingabonakala. Sekukonke, le khodi iqukethe izinhlamvu eziyi-17. Yonke le nhlanganisela ayiyona isiphithiphithi futhi ayisho lutho. Ngokuphambene, ingxenye ngayinye yale khodi ende inikeza ulwazi oluthile mayelana nemoto. Ngakho-ke, idijithi yokuqala inikezwa kuye ngezwe lomkhiqizi wemoto. Uhlamvu lwesibili nolwesithathu lukhombisa umenzi othile. Inhlanganisela elandelayo yezinhlamvu ezinhlanu nezinombolo ichaza izici eziyisisekelo zemoto. Futhi, kusukela kukhodi ye-VIN, ungathola ulwazi mayelana nonyaka wokukhiqiza imoto, isitshalo esithile sokukhiqiza esivela kuso emgqeni womhlangano, kanye nenombolo ye-serial eyingqayizivele yemoto. Phakathi neminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amane kusetshenziswa amakhodi okuhlonza izimoto (kusukela ngo-1977 e-USA), kuye kwasungulwa izindinganiso ezithile ezinikeze incazelo enqunywe kusengaphambili futhi kuzo zonke izimo efanayo ophawini ngalunye. Lawa mazinga ezingeni lezenzo zamazwe ngamazwe asungulwa yi-ISO 3779:2009.
Cabangela yonke imininingwane eyinkimbinkimbi evezwe ngenhla usebenzisa isibonelo semoto eqanjiwe eyenziwe eRussia. Izinhlamvu zokuqala zamazwe aseYurophu: izinhlamvu zokugcina ze-alfabhethi yesiLatini ukusuka ku-S kuya ku-Z. Amakhodi we-XS-XW agcinelwe amazwe ase-USSR yangaphambili. Kulandelwa ikhodi yomkhiqizi. Isibonelo, ku-KAMAZ yi-XTC, futhi ku-VAZ yi-Z8N.
Omunye umbuzo obalulekile ukuthi ungayithola kuphi inombolo kamazisi yemoto ukuze uthole ulwazi kuyo. Kuzo zonke izimo, ibekwe kumapuleti akhethekile abizwa ngokuthi "ama-nameplates". Indawo ethile incike kumkhiqizi, imodeli yemoto kanye nenani lezinye izici:
- ohlakeni lomnyango
- epuletini eduze kwe-windshield;
- ngaphambili kwezinjini;
- ngaphakathi kwesondo lesokunxele;
- esiteringini;
- ngaphansi kwesembozo saphansi;
- ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhodi ye-VIN efundeka kalula ingatholakala emibhalweni esemthethweni yemoto (kupasipoti yayo, ikhadi lewaranti, nabanye).
Ngandlela thize, abakhiqizi bazama ukubeka lolu lwazi olubalulekile kulezo zingxenye zemoto ezihlala zingashintshile ngesikhathi sokulungiswa okunzima kakhulu kwemoto.
Funda ngamapuleti elayisensi abomvu: https://bumper.guru/gosnomer/krasnyie-nomera-na-mashine-v-rossii.html
Ezimweni eziningi, lapho umnikazi wemoto ezama ukufihla umlando wangempela wemoto yakhe, ngokuvamile lapho eyithengisa, angenza izinguquko ezingagunyaziwe kunombolo ye-VIN. Amaphethini amaningana abalulekile azosiza ukubala ukungathembeki:
- azikho izingxenye zayo lapho i-VIN yasekuqaleni iqukethe izimpawu I, O kanye no-Q, ngoba zingakwazi ukuhlukaniswa nezinombolo 1 no-0 ngesikhathi sokugqokwa kwezindawo zemoto;
- izinhlamvu ezine zokugcina kunoma iyiphi ikhodi yokuhlonza ziyidijithi njalo;
- imvamisa ukubhalwa emgqeni owodwa (cishe amaphesenti angamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye esikhathi). Uma ikhishwe emigqeni emibili, ngakho-ke ayivunyelwe ukuphula ibhulokhi eyodwa ye-semantic.
Uma uqaphela ukuthi ikhodi yemoto oyifundayo ayihlangabezani nenye yemibandela ebalwe ngenhla, lokhu kufanele kubangele ukungabaza ngobuqiniso bayo futhi, ngakho-ke, kukwesabise ekwenzeni noma yimiphi imisebenzi ngemoto.
Ngakho-ke, inombolo ye-VIN ingumthombo wolwazi olubaluleke kakhulu kunoma iyiphi imoto ekhiqizwa ezimbonini enayo. Ngamakhono adingekayo, ungathola lonke ulwazi oludingayo kulezi zinhlamvu eziyi-17.
Ividiyo: mayelana nokukhipha ikhodi ye-VIN
Kungani udinga ukuhlola imoto nge-VIN-code
Namuhla, ngokungafani nesimo samashumi eminyaka adlule, kungenzeka ukufunda inqwaba yolwazi kalula futhi mahhala ngokuphelele. Ukwenza lokhu, ungasebenzisa yomibili imithombo esemthethweni njengewebhusayithi yamaphoyisa omgwaqo, nezinye izingosi zezentengiselwano ezithenjwayo ezikhokhisa ikhomishini encane ukuze uthole ulwazi oluphelele mayelana nemoto.
Inhloso ebaluleke kakhulu yalolu hlobo lwamasheke ukuthengwa kwezimoto emakethe yesibili. Esifundeni sethu, izibalo zesilinganiso semakethe yezimoto eyinhloko neyesibili ziyahlukahluka kakhulu esifundeni ngesifunda. Kodwa, ngandlela thile, ezimweni eziningi, ukuthenga imoto esetshenzisiwe cishe ukuphela kwendlela yokuphuma eRussia evamile ngenxa yezinga eliphansi lokuphila. Ngisho nasemadolobheni athuthuke kakhulu, isabelo sokuthengwa kwezimoto ezintsha singama-40% kuphela. Ngakho-ke, ezimotweni eziyishumi ezithengwe eMoscow, eziyisi-6 zisetshenziswa.
Thola mayelana nekhodi yevin ye-Volkswagen: https://bumper.guru/zarubezhnye-avto/volkswagen/rasshifrovka-vin-volkswagen.html
Ithebula: izibalo zesilinganiso semakethe yokuqala neyesibili eRussia
| Isifunda | Isabelo semakethe eyinhloko (%) | Isabelo semakethe yesibili (%) | Isilinganiso |
| Moscow | 39,9 | 60,1 | 0,66 |
| IRiphabhuliki yaseTatarstan | 33,3 | 66,7 | 0,5 |
| Saint Petersburg | 33,0 | 67,0 | 0,49 |
| Isifunda Samara | 29,4 | 70,6 | 0,42 |
| IRiphabhulikhi yase-Udmurt | 27,5 | 72,5 | 0,38 |
| Isifunda se-Perm | 26,2 | 73,8 | 0,36 |
| Isifunda saseMoscow | 25,5 | 74,5 | 0,34 |
| IRiphabhuliki yaseBashkortostan | 24,9 | 75,1 | 0,32 |
| Isifunda seLeningrad | 24,0 | 76,3 | 0,31 |
Ulwazi lunikezwa ngokusho kwe-ejensi yokuhlaziya "Avtostat".
Mayelana nalokhu, imibuzo yokuhlola into ehlongozwayo yokuthenga ivela ekukhuleni okuphelele ukuze kugwenywe ukutholwa "kwengulube ku-poke". Imingcele eyinhloko yesheke yilezi: inombolo nokubunjwa kwabanikazi, ukuba khona kwezingozi, izinhlawulo ezingakhokhiwe, izikweletu ezitholakala ngezithembiso zemoto kanye nezinye izinto ezingathandeki kumnikazi omusha. Ukuhlola imoto kusengaphambili ngokwale mingcele kuzokuvikela ekungqubuzaneni nabakhwabanisi noma abathengisi abangathembekile nje. Ukwazi umlando ogcwele wemoto kuzokuvumela futhi ukuthi unqume ngokunembile inani lemakethe yemoto.
Mayelana nezindlela zokuhlola izinhlawulo zamaphoyisa omgwaqo: https://bumper.guru/shtrafy/shtrafyi-gibdd-2017-proverit-po-nomeru-avtomobilya.html
Izindlela zokuhlola izimoto nge-VIN mahhala
Uma ufuna ukuthola ulwazi mayelana nezimoto ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imali yakho, khona-ke ukuze ucacise lonke ulwazi oludingekayo futhi uthole imiphumela enokwethenjelwa, kuzodingeka uphendukele ezinsizeni eziningana ze-intanethi ngesikhathi esisodwa noma mathupha emnyangweni wamaphoyisa omgwaqo ofanele.
Bheka emnyangweni wamaphoyisa omgwaqo
Uma uthi nhlá, indlela elula futhi enokwethenjelwa kakhulu yokuhlola ukuhlolwa kwangaphambili kokudayiswa kwemoto esetshenzisiwe ngesandla ukuxhumana neziphathimandla ezinekhono ngokuqondile (umnyango wamaphoyisa omgwaqo oseduze). Ngempela, le ndlela inelungelo lokuba khona, kodwa futhi inezingqinamba eziningi zendabuko, okuthi, kanye nokutholakala kwezinye izindlela ezingabizi kakhulu nezilula, zixoshe abashayeli kuyo. Okokuqala, i-drawback ebaluleke kakhulu yesheke elinjalo isidingo sokuvela kumthengi ongase abe nomnikazi wamanje, ngoba abasebenzi beziphathimandla ngeke badalule ulwazi mayelana nomlando wemoto kumuntu ofika kuqala. Okwesibili, isikhalazo somuntu siqu emaphoyiseni omgwaqo sidinga isikhathi esiningi samahhala nokubekezela, ngoba kufanele ulinde emgqeni futhi ube nengxoxo nephoyisa, elikude nokuhlala linomusa futhi limnandi ekukhulumisaneni. Kukhona nezinye "izihibe".
Bheka kusizindalwazi samaphoyisa omgwaqo
Kusukela ngo-February 2014, isevisi entsha ivele ku-portal ye-State traffic Inspectorate: ukuhlola imoto. Ngosizo lwayo, noma ubani, owazi ikhodi ye-VIN yemoto enentshisekelo, angathola mayelana nabanikazi bemoto, abafunwa futhi (noma) ukubeka noma yimiphi imingcele kuyo, njengesibambiso.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi amaphoyisa omgwaqo azama ukwenza insizakalo isebenze kakhulu futhi isebenziseke kulabo abangaba abamukeli, ngakho inani lezinketho liye landa kakhulu kusukela ekuqaleni kwalo.
Nazi izinyathelo ezimbalwa ezilula okudingeka uzithathe ukuze uhlole imoto ngekhodi ye-VIN kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni yamaphoyisa omgwaqo:
- Iya kusayithi etholakala ku-https://gibdd.rf/.
Ikhasi lokuqala lesizindalwazi samaphoyisa omgwaqo lingahluka kweminye imininingwane kuye ngokuthi isifunda sikusiphi isivakashi - Okulandelayo, khetha ithebhu "yamasevisi", etholakala phezulu ekhasini lokuqala kwesokudla. Kuwindi lokudonsela phansi, khetha inkinobho ethi "hlola imoto".Isevisi "yokuhlola imoto" ikleliswe endaweni yesithathu ukusuka phezulu ukuya phansi ngemva "kokuhlola kahle" kanye "nokuhlola umshayeli"
- Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemuva kokuchofoza, kuvula ikhasi phambi kwakho, eliklanyelwe ukufaka i-VIN yemoto futhi wenze isheke. Ngokuya ngemigomo, lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo ziyatholakala kuwe: ukuhlola umlando wokubhalisa, ukuhlola ukubamba iqhaza engozini, ukuhlola ukuthi uyafunwa yini kanye nemikhawulo.Qaphela lapho ufaka idatha endaweni ehambisanayo, njengoba noma iyiphi i-typo iholela ekubonisweni okungalungile kwedatha
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi kanye nezinzuzo ezisobala, le ndlela nayo inenani lezinkinga, phakathi kwazo okuyinhloko ukungapheleli kolwazi olunikeziwe. Ngakho, isibonelo, ungathola ulwazi kuphela ngalezo zingozi ezenzeka ngemva kuka-2015 futhi zaboniswa kahle ohlelweni lwamaphoyisa omgwaqo.
Ihlola ezinye izinsiza
Ngaphandle kwewebhusayithi esemthethweni yamaphoyisa omgwaqo, aqoqa zonke izinhlobo eziyinhloko zamasheke, ukuze athole imiphumela enembile kakhulu futhi enemininingwane, kuhle ukubhekisela kumasayithi athile akhethekile.
Ukuze uhlole imikhawulo ngendlela yesibambiso, ngincoma irejista yomphakathi yezithembiso zempahla egudlukayo, umthwalo wokunakekela onikezwe yi-Civil Code ku-FNP (Federal Chamber of Notaries). Ukuqinisekisa kwenziwa ngezinyathelo ezimbalwa ezilula:
- Kufanele uye kuwebhusayithi etholakala ku-https://www.reestr-zalogov.ru/state/index.Ukuze ufinyelele ekhasini lokuqala lerejista yezithembiso zempahla ephathekayo, kufanele ulandele isixhumanisi esingezansi, noma kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-Notary Chamber of the Russian Federation.
- Okulandelayo, kusukela kumathebhu amakhulu phezulu, khetha kude kwesokudla "thola ebhukwini". Khona-ke, phakathi kwezindlela zokuqinisekisa, kufanele ukhethe "ngokusho kolwazi mayelana nendaba yesibambiso." Okokugcina, izimoto kufanele zikhethwe ezinhlotsheni ezihlongozwayo zempahla egudlukayo.Ngemva kokukhetha wonke amathebhu adingekayo, kufanele ufake ikhodi ye-VIN yemoto oyifunayo bese ucindezela inkinobho ebomvu ngomcibisholo othi “thola”.
Okokugcina, umuntu akakwazi ukuziba amasayithi amaningi anikezelwe eshekeni langaphambi kokuthengiswa kwezimoto ezisetshenzisiwe ukuze zihlanzeke ngokomthetho. Njengomthetho, ngokufanisa nama-prototypes abo aseMelika, lezi zingosi zikhokhisa ikhomishini encane ngezinsizakalo zabo. Phakathi kwakho konke okunikezwayo emakethe, isevisi ye-avtocod.mos.ru igqama kahle. Umphumela walo kuphela yiqiniso lokuthi isheke lenziwa kuphela ezimotweni ezibhaliswe eMoscow naseMoscow esifundeni.
Ungayithola kanjani ikhodi ye-VIN ngenombolo yombuso yemoto
Ikhodi ye-VIN yasekuqaleni ngesikhathi kusetshenziswa imoto ingase ibe nzima ukuyifunda ngenxa yokungcola noma ukulimala komshini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, noma yimuphi umshayeli uyazazi izinombolo zemoto yakhe, kodwa ikhodi ye-VIN kunzima kakhulu ukuyikhumbula. Iwebhusayithi ye-PCA (i-Russian Union of Auto Insurers) isiza ezimweni ezinjalo. Ukuze uthole ulwazi oludingayo:
- Iya ekhasini elihambisanayo lewebhusayithi ye-PCA http://dkbm-web.autoins.ru/dkbm-web-1.0/policy.htm. Faka ulwazi mayelana nesimo endle. inombolo yemoto. Lokhu kusebenza kuyadingeka ukuze uthole inombolo yesivumelwano se-OSAGO, ngenxa yalokho sizofinyelela i-VIN.Ungakhohlwa ukufaka ikhodi yokuvikela, ongeke ukwazi ukuqedela ukusesha ngaphandle kwayo
- Ngemva kokucindezela inkinobho ethi "sesha", ikhasi elinenombolo yenkontileka ye-OSAGO lizovuleka phambi kwakho.Naka ikholomu "Inombolo yenkontileka ye-OSAGO" kuthebula elingezansi
- Bese, usebenzisa isixhumanisi esilandelayo http://dkbm-web.autoins.ru/dkbm-web-...agovehicle.htm, faka idatha esunguliwe yesivumelwano se-OSAGO kusukela endimeni yangaphambilini.Imfuneko yokuthola ulwazi ukufaka usuku olucelwe ngalo.
- Ekhasini elivulayo, uzobona ulwazi oluningi mayelana nemoto enomshwalense, kuhlanganise ne-VIN.Esigabeni esithi "ulwazi mayelana nomuntu onomshwalense" emgqeni wesibili ngokushesha ngaphansi kophawu lokubhalisa lombuso, ungabona i-VIN edingekayo.
Ividiyo: ungathola kanjani ikhodi ye-VIN mahhala ngenombolo yemoto
Iluphi ulwazi ngemoto olungatholwa yi-VIN-code
Ikhodi ye-VIN, ngokubuka izici zayo ezichazwe ngenhla, ingaba umthombo wolwazi olubanzi mayelana nemoto.
Nalu uhlu lwalokho ongakudweba kukho:
- ukweba;
- ukuboshwa;
- ukuhlanganyela engozini;
- mileage yangempela;
- imicimbi enomshwalense;
- isibambiso;
- isevisi yamatekisi;
- inani labanikazi;
- umlando wokubhalisa;
- Ingabe ikhona imikhawulo yokubhalisa emotweni?
Ake sixoxe kafushane ngokubaluleke kakhulu kuzo.
Hlola isheke
Umthombo oyinhloko wamahhala wolwazi lokuhlola imoto ngemikhawulo yiwebhusayithi esemthethweni yamaphoyisa omgwaqo. Usuvele utshelwe ngezici zokuzisebenzisa ngenhla.
Phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlobo zokuhlola ezitholakala kule sayithi, "isheke lokuvinjelwa" libhalwe ngezansi "kwesheke elifunwayo".
Ukuhlola inhlawulo
Ngokwesiko, ukuqinisekiswa kwezinhlawulo kwenziwa ngokunikeza isethi elandelayo yedatha:
- inombolo kahulumeni;
- inombolo yesitifiketi sokubhaliswa kwemoto.
Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, isevisi yamaphoyisa omgwaqo esemthethweni yokuhlola izinhlawulo izozidinga kuwe. Ngokungakhethi, kufanele kushiwo ukuthi abanikazi bezimoto bavame ukukhunjulwa kakhulu kune-VIN.
Noma ngabe kunjalo, akunzima ukuthola enye idatha yemoto evela ku-VIN. Ngakho-ke, ngokusebenzisa lokhu kusebenza okunengqondo, kuzokwazi ukuthola inombolo kanye nenani lezinhlawulo zezezimali ezisele ezivela emaphoyiseni omgwaqo. Ngokukhetha ithebhu "yokuhlola kahle", uzoyiswa ekhasini lokufaka idatha.
Isheke Lokuboshwa
Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukuyihlola ukuthi ingaboshwa yini ngaphambi kokuthenga imoto eke yasetshenziswa. Njengomthetho, izikhonzi zenkantolo zibeka umkhawulo ofanele ezimotweni zabakweletayo. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlola imoto ukuthi iboshwe, akudingekile kuphela ukuthintana nezinsizakalo zamaphoyisa omgwaqo ezishiwo kakade, kodwa futhi kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-Federal Bailiff Service ye-Russian Federation (Federal Bailiff Service of the Russian Federation).
Empeleni, ochwepheshe abahambisana nokuthengiselana ngezimoto ezisetshenzisiwe bavame ukuhlola umdayisi wezimoto besebenzisa imininingwane ye-FSSP. Uma kuzo umnikazi wemoto enezikweletu eziningi, ubukhulu obukhulu, khona-ke kungacatshangwa ukuthi imoto ingaba yisibopho sesibopho esisodwa noma esinye. Ukuze uhlole iwebhusayithi ye-FSSP, uzodinga ukuthola imininingwane yomuntu siqu yomthengisi wezimoto:
- isibongo, igama, igama elilodwa;
- usuku lokuzalwa;
- indawo yokuhlala.
Ukuhlola ingozi, ukwebiwa noma ukufunwa
Okokugcina, okokugcina kulayini, kodwa okungenani, yimingcele yokuqinisekisa: ukubamba iqhaza engozini nokuba sebusela (obufunwayo). Nginesiqiniseko sokuthi akekho kithi ongathanda ukuthenga imoto “ephukile” ezandleni zethu. Ukugwema lokhu, abantu abaningi baqasha ochwepheshe ukuthi bahlole izimoto abazithengayo. Ngaphezu kwalesi silinganiso, ngincoma futhi ukuthi ubhekisele esigabeni esifanele sewebhusayithi ye-state traffic inspectorate.
Isimo esifanayo ngezimoto ezifakwe ohlwini lwabafunwa uhulumeni. Ukutholwa komshini onjalo kugcwele izinkinga eziningi ngezikhungo zomthetho kanye nokumosha isikhathi somuntu siqu esiyigugu, ikakhulukazi ezinsukwini zethu.
Ividiyo: ungabheka kanjani izimoto ngaphambi kokuthenga
Ngakho-ke, ikhodi ye-VIN ingenye yemithombo eyingqayizivele yolwazi mayelana nemoto. Ivumela umuntu ohlose ukuthenga imoto esetshenzisiwe ukuthi afunde ulwazi oluningi oluthakazelisayo "empilweni edlule" yesihloko somsebenzi futhi enze isinqumo esinolwazi nesiphusile. Ukuze ungabi yisisulu somkhwabanisi futhi ungathengi imoto ezandleni zakho, okuyinto, ngokwesibonelo, eyebiwe, ungabi nobuvila futhi uqiniseke ukuthi uyayihlola ukuhlanzeka okungokomthetho usebenzisa izinsiza eziningi ezikhona ku-intanethi. .
