Iphrojekthi 96, ebizwa ngokuthi Encane
I-ORP Krakowiak ngesikhathi soMkhosi Wasolwandle ngo-1956. Izimpawu ze-M-102 ziyabonakala ku-kiosk, futhi phambi kwekhioski kukhona inganono engu-21mm 45-K. Iqoqo lezithombe ze-MV Museum
Imikhumbi-ngwenya ye-Project 96, edume ngokuthi imikhumbi-ngwenya ethi “Baby”, yayiwuhlobo oluningi kakhulu lwemikhumbi-ngwenya emikhunjini yethu. Imikhumbi eyisithupha yaphakamisa amafulegi amhlophe nabomvu eminyakeni eyi-12 kuphela (kusukela ngo-1954 kuya ku-1966), kodwa amadekhi abo aba yindawo ebalulekile yokuzalela imikhumbi-ngwenya yethu. Kwakuyisigaba sokuqala soguquko olusuka eNtshonalanga luye ezikhalini ezingaphansi kwamanzi zaseSoviet.
Imikhumbi-ngwenya emithathu yangaphambi kwempi, okuyi-ORP Sęp, i-ORP Ryś kanye ne-ORP Żbik, eyabuyela e-Gdynia isuka ekuboshweni eSweden ngomhla zingama-26 kuMfumfu 1945, yibo kuphela bekilasi labo ukundiza amafulegi amhlophe nabomvu iminyaka eyi-9 eyalandela. Ngo-1952, i-ORP Wilk yalethwa ivela eGreat Britain, kodwa yayingasafaneleki ukuqhubeka nenkonzo yokulwa. Ngemva kokukhipha zonke izindlela zokusebenzisa izingxenye ezisele zamawele amabili, ngemva konyaka isikebhe esahlakazwa, ngokwehlulela ngemibhalo emincane yemibhalo egciniwe mayelana nalolu phiko, sagcwala amanzi eduze kwesikebhe seFormosa esangweni elisenyakatho yetheku.
eGdynia.
Izinhlelo zokuvelela
Nakuba umkhumbi wempi wokuqala we-Project 96 wethulwa emkhunjini wethu ngo-October 1954, izinhlelo zokwamukelwa kwawo zibonakala zihlehlela emuva ku-May 1945. Khona-ke, phakathi nomhlangano wokuqala eMoscow wokwakhiwa kabusha kweButho Lemikhumbi Lempi esifundeni esisogwini lakhululwa kumaJalimane – uhlu lwemikhumbi i-Red Fleet eyayikulungele ukuyidlulisela ngemva kokuqeqeshwa izisebenzi zasolwandle ezifanele zazihlanganisa nemikhumbi-ngwenya engu-5-6. Ngeshwa, lokhu kuwukuphela kwenkomba etholakala kuleli cala kuze kube manje, ngakho-ke asazi lutho ngohlobo olungenzeka, futhi i-Navy Command (DMW), eyakhiwe ngoJulayi 7, 1945, ekuqaleni yenqaba ukwamukela amayunithi alolu hlobo. ikilasi. Isinqumo sakhe sathonywa ukushoda kwenani elifanele lochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe ababengase banikezwe usizo emayunithi angaphansi kwamanzi. Lona kanye iqiniso lokuthi kunezinkinga ezinkulu zabasebenzi ngenani eliphelele lezindiza ezintathu ezibuyiswe yiSweden libonisa ukuthi lokhu kuhlola bekuyiqiniso ngokuphelele.
Kodwa-ke, kakade emibhalweni yokuhlela kusukela ekupheleni kuka-1946 singakwazi ukubona ukwanda "kwesifiso" sokwanda okuphawulekayo kwemikhumbi. Lolu hlelo lwalungiswa ngaphansi kwesandla salowo owayenguMkhuzi Omkhulu Wezempi Wasemanzini ngaleso sikhathi, uCadmius. U-Adam Mohuchiy, wangomhla zingama-30 kuNovemba, 1946. Phakathi kwenani eliphelele lemikhumbi engu-201 okwakuhlelelwe ukuthi isebenze ngo-1950-1959, kwakukhona imikhumbi-ngwenya engama-20 eyayinokufuduka kwamathani angama-250-350, ngakho-ke yahlukaniswa njengesigaba esincane. Ezingu-1947 zazizozinza eGdynia kanti ezinye eziyisishiyagalombili zazizozinza e-Kołobrzeg. Umkhuzi olandelayo we-MW, uCadmius, ubesangulukile emibonweni yakhe yokwandisa. Wlodzimierz Steyer. Ezinhlelweni kusukela ngo-April 20 (okuphindaphindiwe ngonyaka kamuva), ukubuyela eminyakeni engu-XNUMX eyalandela, kwakungekho cruisers ukukhanya noma ababhubhisi, futhi izifiso waqala abanakekeli.
Ikholomu "imikhumbi-ngwenya" ihlanganisa amayunithi angu-12 amancane (ukususwa kuze kufike kumathani angu-250) kanye namayunithi angu-6 aphakathi (ama-700-800 amathani) alesi sigaba. Abaphathi bezempi basePoland bamabutho ahlomile, ngeshwa, abazange babe namathuba angempela okusebenzisa izinhlelo zabo. Ziningi izici ezabavimba. Okokuqala, abazange bafeze imisebenzi yabo isikhathi eside; ngo-September 1950, ngokufika kwegagasi elilandelayo (ngemuva kwempi) leSovietization yebutho lethu, i-Cadmium yabekwa ukuba iphathe i-MV. UVictor Cherokov. Okwesibili, sasingekho “isimo sezulu” sokwanda okuphawulekayo kwemikhumbi. Ngisho nabasebenzi basePoland abavela eWarsaw, ngokusekelwe ekuhlangenwe nakho kwabo kwangaphambi kwempi nempi, abazange babone noma yimiphi imisebenzi ebalulekile ngayo. Imibono efanayo, eyayidlangile e-Moscow ngaleso sikhathi, yaphakamisa ukuthi imikhumbi yemikhumbi evaliwe kufanele yandise amandla okukhanya nasogwini aklanyelwe ukuvikela ugu lwawo kanye nokuphelezela ama-convoy endaweni yogu. Akumangazi-ke ukuthi uhlelo lokuthuthukiswa kwemikhumbi olulethwe "esikhwameni" nguCherokov wayehlose ukudala ngo-1956 kuphela abavukuzi bamayini, abagijimi kanye nezikebhe ze-torpedo. Yayingekho ikholomu enemikhumbi-ngwenya.
