Izinkinga zenjini. Lawa mayunithi angapheli adla uwoyela

Abashayeli abaningi bakholelwa ngephutha ukuthi izinjini zamakhilomitha aphansi azidingi ukuhlola izinga likawoyela.

Lesi sithombe siyingozi kakhulu ekushayeleni kwethu futhi, ngokufanelekile, esikhwameni sethu. Ukuqapha okukhethekile kufanele kusetshenziswe abasebenzisi bezimoto zezemidlalo, abashayeli abavame ukuhamba ngesivinini esiphezulu emgwaqeni onguthelawayeka futhi bathathe uhambo lwamabanga amafushane edolobha, kungakhathaliseki ubudala nebanga lemoto yabo.

Ezimotweni zezemidlalo, ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela kwenzeka ngenxa yokulingana okuxekethile kwamabomu kwezingxenye zenjini. Lokhu kubangelwa izimo zokusebenza ezinzima (isivinini esikhulu) kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu okusebenza, okubangela ukuba izakhi zande futhi kuphela lapho injini ifudumele ingafinyelelwa ukuvalwa okufanele.

Ukugijima kwamadolobha amafushane kubangela injini ukuthi ihlale ishisa kancane futhi uwoyela ugeleze phakathi kwezingxenye ezibandayo, ezivuzayo zesilinda kanye nasegunjini elivuthayo.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukushayela isikhathi eside ngesivinini esiseduze nobukhulu kubangela ukucindezela okuphezulu okuqhubekayo emgodini we-cylinder, okubuye kusheshise ukulahlekelwa uwoyela. Kuzo zonke lezi zimo ezingenhla, ochwepheshe batusa ukuhlola amafutha kuwo wonke ama-refueling agcwele noma okungenani kanye njalo nge-1000 km.

Abahleli batusa: I-SDA. Ukushintsha umzila kuqala

Ngeshwa, kube khona futhi kukhona izinjini emakethe "ezithatha" uwoyela ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zokusebenza.

Kungaba nezizathu eziningi zalokhu. Kusukela kumaphutha omklamo kuya kuzici zobuchwepheshe zemodeli enikeziwe.

Ngezansi ngizozama ukwethula amayunithi athandwa kakhulu ukuthi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isimo sawo sobuchwepheshe, ashise amafutha ngaphezu kukaphethiloli.

Ake siqale ngomklamo ongajwayelekile, okuyinjini yaseJapan Wankel. I-Mazda isineminyaka eminingi ithuthukisa umqondo wenjini ye-piston ejikelezayo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukukhathazeka Japanese kukhishwe injini yokuqala yalolu hlobo ngaphansi kwelayisensi evela ku-NSU. Yakamuva incarnation Japanese yaleli yunithi kwaba injini efakwe ku-Mazda RX8, ekhiqizwa kuze 2012. Ukusebenza kwenjini bekumangalisa. Kusukela emandleni e-1,3, amaJapane athola i-231 hp. Ngeshwa, inkinga enkulu yokuklama ngalo mhlangano ukuvalwa kwepiston ejikelezayo kusilinda. Idinga imayela eliphansi ngaphambi kokulungiswa kanye nokusetshenziswa okuphezulu kukawoyela.

AmaJapane nawo anezinkinga ngezinjini zepiston zakudala (piston).

I-Nissan kumamodeli we-Primiera ne-Almera bafake izinjini ezingu-1,5 kanye ne-1,8 16V, ezifakwe efektri ezinamasongo e-piston angasebenzi. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngisho nemizamo yokungenelela nokulungisa ngemishini ngokuvamile ayizange ilethe imiphumela elindelekile. Abashayeli abaphelelwe ithemba babevame ukusebenzisa uwoyela omkhulu ukuze ungangeni endaweni evuthayo.

Ngisho neToyota eyaziwa ngokwethembeka ibinoxhaxha lwezinjini ezingu-1,6 no-1,8 Vti ezingashisa ilitha likawoyela ngekhilomitha eyinkulungwane. Inkinga yayinkulu kangangokuthi umenzi wanquma ukushintsha wonke amabhlogo ezinjini ezihlulekile ngaphansi kwewaranti.

Izinjini ezidumile "ezithatha" uwoyela nazo ziyi-1,3 MultiJet/CDTi kadizili kanye nophethiloli we-1,4 FIRE. Lezi zinjini zibhekwa njengenani abashayeli nomakhenikha ngenxa yezinga labo eliphansi lokufeyila, isiko eliphezulu lokusebenza kanye nokusetshenziswa kancane kukaphethiloli. Ngeshwa, izinga likawoyela wenjini kula mayunithi kufanele lihlolwe okungenani kanye njalo ngebanga elingu-1000 km. Lokhu kusebenza nakwabasha. Le miklamo ivele ishise uwoyela wenjini futhi ukuyibeka phezulu kuyingxenye yokunakekelwa okujwayelekile kulezi zinhlobo.

Enye injini "eyamukela" uwoyela ku-Fiat ukukhathazeka kwakuyinjini ye-2,0 JTS ye-aspirated ye-petroli, eyasetshenziswa kusukela ku-min. ku-Alfie Romeo 156. Iyunithi isebenzisa umjovo wamafutha oqondile, othuthukise kakhulu imingcele yenjini. Eqinisweni, injini entsha sha yase-Italy yasabela ngokuzenzakalelayo kugesi, ihlaba umxhwele ngokuguquguquka, ukuguquguquka nokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okuphansi. Kodwa-ke, umjovo oqondile kaphethiloli ube nomthelela omubi ekugcotshisweni kwe-cylinder bore, okuvumela izimoto ezingaphansi kuka-100 km ukuthi zisetshenziswe. km zazilungele ukulungiswa kwenjini ehambayo. Lokhu kwabonakaliswa ukulahlekelwa okukhulu, okuqhubekayo kwamafutha enjini angena endaweni evuthayo ngokusebenzisa izindawo ezilimele.

Abakhiqizi baseJalimane nabo babhekana nezinkinga ezifanayo. Uchungechunge oludumile, lokuqala lwezinjini ze-TSI lwahlabeka umxhwele ngemingcele yalo, kodwa ngokushesha kwacaca ukuthi amayunithi aneziphambeko eziningi, ezimbi kakhulu zokuklama. Ukuqhekeka kumabhulokhi, amagiya esikhathi ahlukanayo (ngokoqobo) namaringi angasebenzi embonini. Lokhu kwakamuva kuholele ekusetshenzisweni kukawoyela okuphezulu kakhulu kanye nokushintshwa okungenani ingxenye yenjini.

Omunye umkhiqizi waseJalimane odonsa kanzima ngale nkinga i-Opel. I-EcoTec 1,6 ne-1,8 series idla uwoyela omningi. Lokhu akuthinti ukuqina kwalawa mayunithi, kodwa kuyaphoqa, njengoba kwenzeka ku-1,3 MultiJet / 1.4 FIRE, ukuqapha njalo futhi njalo izinga layo.

I-French (PSA) 1,8 XU ibe nezinkinga ezifanayo - amaringi anephutha nama-valve stem seal okwaputshuka ngawo uwoyela kwaphoqa i-Peugeot ukuthi iphothule lolu phiko ngokushesha. Kusukela ngo-1999, imboni ibisebenza ngokungenasici.

Ngokufanayo, injini ehlomule ngemiklomelo eminingi nehlonishwa kakhulu nge-1,6 THP injini ehlanganiswe yi-PSA kanye ne-BMW. Kuyenzeka futhi lapha ukuthi iyunithi entsha sha ingashisa ilitha lamafutha kuwo wonke amakhilomitha angu-2500 ahanjwayo.

Izibonelo ezingenhla zibonisa ngokucacile ukuthi izinkinga "zokopha" zikawoyela zithinta izinhlobo eziningi zezimoto. Akunandaba izwe imvelaphi, ubudala noma mileage. Ngezimoto ezintsha, ungazama ukukhangisa imoto, kodwa abakhiqizi bazivikela esikweletini ngokubeka izinga lokusetshenziswa kukawoyela encwadini - ilitha ngamakhilomitha ayinkulungwane.

Yini esingayenza njengabashayeli? Lawula! Ekufakeni amafutha ngakunye noma njalo ngebanga elingu-1000 km, khipha i-dipstick bese uhlola izinga likawoyela. Esikhathini se-turbocharging kanye nomjovo oqondile, lesi sigaba somsebenzi sesibaluleke kakhulu kuneminyaka embalwa edlule.

Bheka futhi: Peugeot 308 station wagon