Ikhanda lenjini elilimele - ukulungiswa, izindleko kanye nokusetshenziswa
Okuqukethwe
Uma ufuna ukwazi ukuthi iyini inhloko yesilinda nokuthi ziyini izinhlelo zokusebenza, kufanele ufunde isihloko esisilungisile. Uzofunda ukuthi ikhanda lenjini lisetshenziselwa ini nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo esizihlukanisayo. Siphinde sichaze ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma kunezinkinga ngekhanda!
Ikhanda lenjini - kuyini?
Injini yemoto yakhiwe izingxenye eziningi ezithinta ukusebenza kwayo. Ngokuphambene nokubukeka, ikhanda liyisiqeshana esingacacile esinomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kwemoto. Itholakala phezulu enjini futhi ivala igumbi lomlilo.. Ngokuvamile kubuye kube yindlu yokubeka isikhathi nama-valve. Ekhanda ngokwalo, ungathola iziteshi eziningi zamafutha kanye nokupholisa, kanye nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezinzwa, isibonelo. umfutho kawoyela kanye nezinga lokushisa elipholile. Ixhunywe enjinini enamabhawodi, futhi phakathi kwawo kukhona i-cylinder head gasket.
Iyini inhloko yenjini?
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wekhanda le-cylinder ukuhlinzeka ngezimo ezifanele zokushiswa kwamafutha. Ukwenza lokhu, ivala igumbi lomlilo futhi isebenze njengezindlu zendlela yokusabalalisa igesi. Inhloko iphinde isebenze njengendawo yokuhlala yendlela yokusabalalisa igesi. Ngenxa yalokho, singasho ukuthi kuyisici esidingekayo ukuze injini isebenze kahle.
Ikhanda le-cast iron nekhanda le-aluminium - umehluko
Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamakhanda: insimbi eyinsimbi ne-aluminium. Naphezu kwemisebenzi efanayo, ziyahlukahluka ngezakhiwo nezici zazo. Imvamisa, singathola amakhanda enziwe nge-aluminium ehlala isikhathi eside. Konke ngenxa ye-conductivity engcono yokushisa, ngenxa yokuthi ikhishwa ngokushesha emkhathini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulokhu, i-motor ine-density ephansi kanye nezakhiwo ezingcono zokuphonsa. Amakhanda e-aluminium nawo ayakwazi ukugaywa kabusha, okwenza izindleko zokukhanda zibe phansi kunamakhanda ensimbi.
Amakhanda e-cast iron ahlala isikhathi eside kakhulu ngoba insimbi eyinsimbi inzima kakhulu ukuyonakalisa. Nokho, ngesikhathi sokwehluleka, kufanele ucabangele izindleko eziphakeme.. Kudingeka isikhuphukeli sekhanda esisha, kanye nezinqubo zokushisela nokugaya emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.
Ukulimala kwekhanda - yini okufanele uyenze uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka?
Inkinga evame kakhulu ehlotshaniswa nekhanda lenjini ukwehluleka kwe-gasket, okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa okungazelelwe uma kwenzeka ukushisa kweyunithi yokushayela, kanye nangesikhathi sokuma isikhathi eside emakhazeni. Ngenxa yalokho, ukucindezela okungalungile kwakhiwa ekamelweni elivuthayo, okuholela ekuhlulekeni kwekhanda le-cylinder kanye nezingxenye eziseduze.
Isizathu esivamile sokwehluleka kwekhanda lenjini kuwukuhamba isikhathi eside ngamagiya aphansi, ukulayishwa isikhathi eside kwemoto nenjini nokushayela ngesivinini esiphezulu. Ukushisa ngokweqile kwekhanda le-cylinder kuyingozi ngoba kungaphula idrayivu yesikhathi, kuqhekeze i-jumper phakathi kwama-valve okukhiphayo nokukhipha umoya, kuqhekeze i-swirl chamber, i-jam pistons noma ama-bearings. Ngokuvamile imbangela yokushisa ngokweqile kwedrayivu ukufakwa okungalungile kwe-cylinder head gasket noma uhlelo lwe-HBO. Isimo sesistimu yokupholisa sibalulekile.
Kubiza malini ukulungisa ikhanda lenjini?
Ukulungiswa kwekhanda lenjini akushibhile. Izindleko ezimaphakathi zokushintsha i-gasket kanye nokulungiswa nokuvuselelwa kwekhanda zisuka kuma-euro ayi-130. Nokho, lokhu kuncike emandleni okushayela. Ezimweni ezinjalo, intengo yokulungisa ingadlula ama-euro angama-200.
Usuvele uyazi ukuthi i-cylinder head iyini nokuthi isetshenziselwa ini. Amakhanda ezimoto enza imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile futhi kufanelekile ukunakekela isimo sabo. Ngalesi sizathu, gwema ukushayela ngesilinganiso segiya esiphansi kakhulu, bheka ukulahleka kwezinto ezipholile futhi uhlole izinga lokushisa elipholile.
