ukwehluleka kwephampu

ukwehluleka kwephampu zibonakaliswa emdlalweni obalulekile we-shaft yayo, ukwephulwa kokuqina kophawu, ukugqoka (ukugqwala noma ukuphuka) kwe-impeller. Zonke lezi zinkinga ziholela eqinisweni lokuthi iphampu yamanzi yemoto ayisebenzi kahle, ngenxa yokuthi ingcindezi edingekayo ayigcinwanga ohlelweni lokupholisa injini yangaphakathi, okuholela ekwandeni kwezinga lokushisa le-coolant. lize libile. Kufanele uthenge iphampu entsha futhi uyifake esikhundleni sendala.

Izimpawu zepompo ephukile

Kunezimpawu eziyisithupha kuphela eziyisisekelo zepompo "efayo", okungabhekwa ngazo ukuthi iphampu ingasebenzi ngokwengxenye (futhi ngisho ngokuphelele) futhi kufanele ishintshwe. Ngakho, lezi zimpawu zihlanganisa:

• Umsindo ongaphandle. Ngokuvamile, iphampu yamanzi enephutha kancane ohlelweni lokupholisa lenza umsindo “ongenampilo” noma “ukukhala” phakathi nokusebenza. Zingabangelwa ukugqoka okunzima ekuthwaleni kanye/noma iqiniso lokuthi i-pump impeller ithinta indlu yepompo njengoba ijikeleza. Lokhu kubonakala futhi ngenxa yokwehluleka kwengxenye yokuthwala.
• Umdlalo we-Pump pulley. Ibonakala ngenxa yokulimala noma ukuguga kwemvelo kokujikeleza kwayo. Ukuxilongwa kuleli cala kungenziwa kalula, vele unyakazise i-pump shaft kusuka kolunye uhlangothi ngeminwe yakho. Uma kukhona i-backlash, khona-ke izozizwa kahle ngokuthinta. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ukwakheka kwe-backlash kuletha isikhathi lapho uphawu lwepompo luzovuza futhi luzovumela ukupholisa kudlule.
• Ukubonakala kokuvuza. Ngakho-ke, i-antifreeze ingavuza kokubili kusukela ku-seal nakwezinye izindawo, isibonelo, indlu kanye ne-impeller. I-Antifreeze noma i-antifreeze kuleli cala ingabonakala emzimbeni wepompo, indawo yokunamathiselwe kwayo, ezinye izakhi zegumbi lenjini ngaphansi kwepompo (kuye ngokuthi umklamo wemoto ethile) noma nje phansi ngaphansi kwemoto.
• Antifreeze iphunga. okungukuthi, ingazwakala hhayi kuphela ekamelweni le-injini (lapho i-hood ivuliwe), kodwa futhi ekamelweni, ngoba umusi wayo uzongena ekamelweni ngesistimu yokukhipha umoya. I-Antifreeze inephunga elimnandi, ngezinye izikhathi ngokunambitha utshwala.
• Ukukhweza ukungahambi kahle. okungukuthi, maqondana namagiya esikhathi, kanye namarola okuqina. Lokhu kungabonakala ngokubukeka, noma ngokubeka into ethile eyisicaba (isibonelo, irula) endizeni efanayo namarola kanye nepompo. Kulesi simo, isimo sivame ukuvela lapho ibhande lidla.
• Ukwenyuka okuphawulekayo kwezinga lokushisa lenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi. Futhi hhayi injini yomlilo yangaphakathi kuphela, kodwa futhi nesipholile, njengoba kuboniswa isibani esiyisixwayiso kudeshibhodi. Ezimweni ezibucayi, ukubilisa kwe-banal kwe-antifreeze kubonakala, futhi umusi uzophuma ku-radiator. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kubalulekile futhi uma kwenzeka, akuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa imoto!

Uma kubonakala okungenani uphawu olulodwa lwalezi ezingenhla zokuwohloka kwepompo lamanzi lemoto, kufanele kwenziwe ukuxilongwa okwengeziwe, kokubili kwepompo kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kwesistimu yokupholisa. Lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala zepompo efayo, ungahamba futhi, kodwa isikhathi esingakanani, akwaziwa, futhi kungcono ukungalingi isiphetho. Kwezinye izimo, imoto ingakwazi ukwelula amakhilomitha angu-500 ... 1000, kanti kwezinye ngeke ihambe ngisho namakhulu. Yiba noma kunjalo, amahlaya mabi ngesistimu yokupholisa, futhi kuyadingeka ukwenza ukuxilonga nokulungiswa kwayo ngesikhathi futhi ngokugcwele.

Imvamisa, ipompo liyashintshwa kanye negumbi lesitimu (lesibili) lokushintshwa kwebhande lesikhathi ngokuya ngemithetho yemoto. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuyasiza ukufaka i-antifreeze esikhundleni esisha.

Ngokuya ngohlobo lomkhiqizo nekhwalithi yempompo yamanzi yohlelo lokupholisa, imithethonqubo inquma ukuthi kufakwe esikhundleni sayo ngemuva kwamakhilomitha angaba yizinkulungwane ezingama-60 (kuya ngesimo ngasinye, futhi kunqunywa yi-automaker, imininingwane ehambisanayo ingatholakala kumanuwali).

Izimbangela zokuhluleka kwephampu

Yiziphi izimbangela ezingase zibe khona zokwehluleka kwephampu? Lo mbuzo awunasithakazelo kuphela kwabaqalayo, kodwa futhi nabashayeli bezimoto abanolwazi. okulandelayo yizimbangela eziyinhloko, kusukela kwezivame kakhulu nezivame ukwenzeka kuya "ezingavamile". Phakathi kwazo:

• Ukuthwala okungaphelele. Lo mhlangano uguga ngokwemvelo njengoba usetshenziswa. Kodwa-ke, ukugqoka okusheshisiwe kungenzeka ngenxa yezinye izici ezimbi. Okunjalo, ngokwesibonelo, ukungezwani kwebhande okungalungile (okunamandla), ngenxa yokuthi kusetshenziswe amandla engeziwe ekuthwaleni. Esinye isizathu sokugqoka okuphawulekayo ukungena kwe-antifreeze kumapheya okuhlikihla ngenxa ye-gasket depressurization kanye nama-coolant smudges.
• Ukuhluleka kokubeka uphawu... Iphampu inezimpawu ezimbili - uphawu lwamafutha kanye ne-rubber cuff. Futhi uphawu lwamafutha (gasket) oluvame ukwehluleka. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezimbili - ukuguga kwemvelo (ukushuka kwerabha) kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-antifreeze eshibhile eshibhile ngaphandle kwezithasiselo ezifanele zokonga, noma ngisho namanzi nhlobo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi ziphuzo "zidla" i-gasket, iqala ukuvuza, okuholela, okokuqala, ekwehleni kwezinga lokupholisa ohlelweni, futhi okwesibili, ekungeneni kwe-antifreeze noma amanzi ekutheleleni, ukukhipha okokugcoba kanye nezinkinga ezichazwe ngenhla.
• Ukukhweza ukungahambi kahle. Lokhu kungenzeka ngezizathu ezimbili - ukufakwa okungalungile kanye namaphutha embonini. Kodwa-ke, ukufakwa okungalungile kuyinto engavamile kakhulu, ngoba kunezimbobo ezenziwe ngomumo ezenziwe ngecala, okunzima kakhulu ukuphuthelwa. Esinye isizathu ukungalingani kwenjini (ngenxa yezindawo zokukhwelana ezingcolile, ezigqwalile noma ezisontekile). Kodwa, ngeshwa, umshado wefekthri, ikakhulukazi amaphampu wesabelomali, akuyona into engavamile. Ukungahambi kahle kubangela ukuthi i-pulley ijikeleze ngokungalungile, okuholela ekugqokeni okusheshayo kwengxenye elayishiwe yebhande, kanye nokugqoka okuthwala. Ezimweni ezibucayi kakhulu, ibhande lingaphuka futhi ama-valve nama-piston angase ashayisane. Ngezinye izikhathi ukungahambi kahle kubonakala ngenxa yokungena kwemoto engozini, ngenxa yalokho izingxenye zomzimba ngamunye kanye / noma injini yomlilo yangaphakathi nayo yasuswa.

Ngokuvamile, ukwehla kokusebenza kwepompo, futhi, ngokufanele, ukwehla kwengcindezi ohlelweni lokupholisa kubonakala ngemuva kokufaka i-sealantesetshenziselwa ukulungisa ukuvuza kwe-radiator. Ngakho-ke, ukwakheka kwayo kuhlangana nesipholile futhi kuvale amaseli (amashaneli) we-radiator, futhi kunamathele kumpompi wepompo. Uma lesi simo senzeke, khona-ke udinga ukukhipha i-antifreeze, ukhulule iphampu, bese uhlanza uhlelo lokupholisa usebenzisa izindlela ezikhethekile noma ezithuthukisiwe.

Indlela yokubona iphampu ephukile

Ukuhlola iphampu yamanzi yenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi yemoto kulula kakhulu. Indlela elula iwukuzama ngokuthinta uma kukhona ukudlala noma kungekho kudlala kushafti yepompo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwanele ukuthatha i-pump shaft ngeminwe yakho bese uyidonsa kusukela kolunye uhlangothi kuya kolunye uhlangothi ngendlela eqondile ku-shaft ngokwayo (okungukuthi, ngaphesheya). Uma i-bearing ihlelekile, akufanele kube khona ukudlala. Uma ngisho nokudlala okuncane kwenzeka, khona-ke iphampu idinga ukushintshwa.

Kodwa-ke, isheke eliphelele ngaphandle kokukhipha iphampu lenziwa ngokuya nge-algorithm elandelayo:

• Zifudumeze injini ngezinga lokushisa lokusebenza. Okusho ukuthi, ukuze izinga lokushisa elipholile lizungeze + 90 ° С.
• Njengoba injini yomlilo yangaphakathi isebenza, ncinza ipayipi eliwugqinsi ngesipholile esivela kurediyetha ngesandla sakho.
• Uma ipompo isebenza, khona-ke ingcindezi kufanele izwakale kuyo. Uma kungekho ukucindezela noma i-pulsating, khona-ke lokhu kusho ukuthi iphampu ingasebenzi ngokwengxenye noma ngokuphelele. Kungenzeka ukuthi i-impeller yepompo yaphenduka.

Sicela wazi ukuthi izinga lokushisa lesipholisi, ngakho-ke ipayipi, liphezulu impela, ngakho-ke udinga ukusebenza ngokucophelela, ungasebenzisa amagilavu ​​noma i-rag.

futhi ukuze uhlole iphampu, udinga ukuhlola ngokubukeka isihlalo sayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukudiliza i-casing evikelayo yomshini wokusabalalisa igesi ukuze uthole ukufinyelela ngokuqondile kupompo (ezimotweni ezahlukene, umklamo uhlukile, ngakho-ke, kungase kungabi i-casing noma akudingeki ukuba kuqedwe). bese uhlola ngokucophelela indawo yepompo, uphawu lwayo kanye nesihlalo.

Qinisekisa ukuthi unaka ukuba khona kwe-smudges ye-antifreeze ngaphansi kwe-gasket yokuvala. Futhi, akudingekile, kufanele kube manzi ngesikhathi sokuhlola. Uma isihlalo nophawu zomile, kodwa kukhona iminonjana omisiwe (futhi fresh) of smudges endaweni okunamathiselwe, lokhu kusho ukuthi ngomfutho omkhulu uphawu kusadlula coolant. Imikhondo ye-smudges inombala obomvu noma onsundu ngokunsundu, kwezinye izimo grey (lokhu kuncike ekutheni i-antifreeze ithelwa ngamuphi umbala ohlelweni lokupholisa).

Ngaphambi kokudiliza iphampu ukuze uthole ukuxilonga okwengeziwe (ukuhlola i-impeller kanye ne-bearing), udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-thermostat yesistimu yokupholisa isebenza kahle, futhi akukho khiye womoya ohlelweni ngokwalo. Uma kungenjalo, udinga ukuxazulula izinkinga ezihambisanayo.

Uma iphampu idilizwa, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuhlola isimo se-impeller. okungukuthi, ubuqotho bama-blades, kanye nokuma kwawo.

udinga futhi ukuhlola indawo lapho iphampu ingena khona esivimbeni senjini. Okufanelekile, akufanele kube khona ukuvuza kokupholisa okuvela emgodini wokukhipha amanzi. Kodwa-ke, uma kukhona ama-smudges amancane (ngokunembile amancane !!!), khona-ke iphampu ayikwazi ukushintshwa, kodwa zama okwesikhashana ukuyiqeda ngokufaka uphawu futhi usebenzise i-sealant.

ukuze uhlole ukuthi ingabe i-pulley bear yenza umsindo ohambisanayo kanye nekhwelo, kwanele ukususa ibhande ku-pulley yepompo bese ulikhulula ngesandla, okungcono kakhulu ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.

Uma ukuthwala kunephutha, kuzokhipha umsindo, futhi kuginqike ngokuduma okubonakalayo nokungalingani. Kodwa-ke, le ndlela ifaneleka kulawo maphampu lapho i-pulley yawo ijikeleza ngebhande lokushayela. Uma ijikeleza ngebhande lesikhathi, khona-ke ukuxilongwa kuyodingeka ukwenza buthaka amandla ayo futhi uhlole ukusebenza kwayo ezimweni ezinjalo.

Iphampu engalungile iwenza kanjani umsindo?

Abashayeli bezimoto abaningi banesithakazelo embuzweni wokuthi balungise iphampu endala, noma bashintshe, bathenge futhi bafake iphampu entsha. Angeke kube khona impendulo eqondile kuleli cala, futhi kuncike esimweni sepompo, ukugqoka kwayo, ikhwalithi, umkhiqizo, intengo. Kodwa-ke, njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, ukulungiswa kungenzeka kuphela lapho ushintsha i-gasket yenjoloba. Kwezinye izimo, kungcono ukufaka esikhundleni sepompo entsha, ikakhulukazi uma isetshenziswe isikhathi eside. Lapho ushintsha iphampu, i-antifreeze nayo iyashintsha.