I-SHRUS igxumagxuma

Nini I-SHRUS iyashwabana lapho iphenduka (i-CV joint), abashayeli abaningi abazi ukuthi bayixilonga kanjani inkinga, nokuthi yiziphi izinyathelo okufanele bazithathe esikhathini esizayo. Into ebaluleke kakhulu kuleli cala ukuthola okuyinto ehlangene ye-CV, ngoba ezimotweni ezihamba ngamasondo angaphambili kukhona kakade "amabhomu" amane, njengoba le node ibizwa ngokudumile. kubalulekile futhi ukuqonda ukuthi ngabe i-CV joint ewumthombo wemisindo engathandeki noma enye ingxenye yokumiswa kwemoto. ngokuqhubekayo sizozama ukuhlela ulwazi futhi sikhanyisele udaba lokuxilonga kanye nokulungisa ijoint ye-angular velocity yemoto.

Izinhlobo nokuklanywa kwamajoyinti e-CV

Ngaphambi kokuthi sidlulele phambili ekuchazeni izimpawu nezimbangela ezikhomba izinkinga ngamajoyinti eCV, sidinga ukuthola ukuthi angawaphi futhi ayini. Ngakho-ke kuzoba lula kuwe ukuthi uqonde ukuthi ungaqhubeka kanjani ukuwaxilonga futhi uwalungise.

Izinhlobo nendawo yamajoyinti e-CV

Umsebenzi wanoma yiliphi ijoyinti le-CV ukudlulisa i-torque phakathi kwama-axle shafts, inqobo nje uma esema-engeli ahlukene ngezikhathi ezihlukene. Amajoyinti e-CV asetshenziswa ezimotweni ezidonsa ngamasondo angaphambili nasezimotweni ezidonsa ngamasondo amane, okuhlinzeka ikhono lokuphendula isondo langaphambili futhi lizulise ngaphansi komthwalo. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zamahinge, kodwa ngeke sigxile kulokhu ngokuningiliziwe. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi, ngokuyisisekelo, zihlukaniswe zibe kwangaphakathi и ngaphandle.Noma iyiphi imoto edonsa ngamasondo angaphambili inakho kuphela amajoyinti amane e-CV - amabili angaphakathi namabili angaphandle, ngamabili esondweni ngalinye langaphambili. Umsebenzi wangaphakathi wukudlulisa i-torque isuka ku-gearbox iye ku-shaft. Umsebenzi walowo wangaphandle ukudlulisa i-torque kusuka ekuhlanganyeleni kwangaphakathi kuya esondweni.

Ijoyinti ye-CV yangaphakathi iqukethe indlu yangaphandle (“ingilazi”) kanye a i-tripod - iqoqo lezinaliti ezisebenza ezindizeni ezintathu. i-base shaft (eceleni "kwengilazi") ifakwe ku-gearbox, futhi enye i-axle shaft ifakwe ku-tripod, lapho i-torque idluliselwa khona. Okusho ukuthi, ukuklama okuhlangene kwe-CV yangaphakathi kulula, futhi ngokuvamile, izinkinga ngayo zivela njalo. Okuwukuphela kwemfuneko yokusebenza okujwayelekile kwehinge (lokhu kusebenza futhi “kubhomu” langaphandle) ubukhona bokugcoba ngaphakathi kwayo kanye nobuqotho be-anther. Ungafunda mayelana nokukhethwa kwe-lubricant esihlokweni esihlukile.

Ipheya ehlangene ye-CV yangaphakathi nangaphandle

Ijoyinti ye-CV yangaphandle idizayini eyinkimbinkimbi futhi entekenteke. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ixhunywe kuhinji yangaphakathi nge-axle shaft, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, ixhunywe kuhabhu ngokusebenzisa i-shaft yayo ehlukanisiwe. Umklamo wehinge wangaphandle usekelwe isihlukanisi ngamabhola. Ingakwazi ukuzungezisa phakathi kobubanzi bama-engeli ashiwo umklamo. Yindlela yebhola okuyiyo evame ukuba yisizathu sokuthi kungani i-CV joint crunches. I-Anther ifakwa emzimbeni we "grenade" yangaphandle, evikela ngokuthembekile ingaphakathi othulini nokungcola okungena kulo. Ukusebenza okuvamile kwedivayisi kuncike ngokuqondile kulokhu, futhi ngokwezibalo, yi-anther edabukile eyimbangela yokuhluleka okuphelele noma ingxenye yalo mshini.

ukuze unwebe impilo yokuhlangana kwe-CV yangaphandle, udinga ukulandela imithetho emibili elula: hlola njalo ubuqotho be-anther kanye nokuba khona kwenani elanele lokuthambisa kuyo, futhi uzame futhi "ukungabi negesi" ngamasondo. kwavela kakhulu, ngoba i-hinge ihlangabezana nemithwalo ephezulu, okuholela ekugugeni ngokweqile.

Umsebenzi wejoyinti ye-CV yangaphandle

Khumbula ukuthi noma yiliphi ijoyinti lejubane eliqhubekayo lihlangabezana nemithwalo emikhulu, kulapho ama-semix alo amabili asebenza khona nge-engeli enkulu. Uma zifana komunye nomunye, umthwalo ku-node uncane, ngokulandelana, e-engeli ephezulu kuzoba nomthwalo omkhulu. Kungenxa yalesi sakhiwo ukuthi i-hinge enephutha inganqunywa, esizoxoxa ngayo ngokuqhubekayo.

Ungalihlonza kanjani i-CV ehlangene

Ukuthola ukuthi yimaphi ama-"grenade" ama-crunches kulula kakhulu. Okokuqala, udinga ukuqonda ukuthi i-crunch yesici noma i-creaking lapho i-corning ikhishwa ngokuhlanganyela kwe-CV yangaphandle. Ilunga elingaphakathi lingase lenze umsindo okhencezayo emgwaqeni oqondile. Sizothinta ama-algorithms okuxilonga kancane kancane.

I-Crunch yokuhlanganisa i-CV yangaphandle ngokuvamile ibonakala lapho umshayeli ephenduka namasondo ngokuphelele noma ngamandla waphenduka (eceleni kwakhe). Lokhu kuzwakala kahle ikakhulukazi uma ngalesi sikhathi futhi "nikeza igesi". Ngalesi sikhathi, i-hinge ihlangabezana nobukhulu noma isondele kulo mthwalo, futhi uma inephutha, imisindo eshiwo iyavela. Ngaphandle, lokhu kungabonakaliswa yiqiniso lokuthi "i-recoil" izozwakala esiteringini lapho ijika.

Mayelana amalunga e-CV angaphakathi, khona-ke kuba nzima nakakhulu ukuhlonza ukuhlukana kwabo. Imvamisa, umsindo ofanayo uphuma kubo lapho ushayela emigwaqweni emibi, futhi lapho isondo lingena lijula ​​emigodini ejulile, kulapho ihinge ibhekana khona nomthwalo omkhulu, ngokulandelana, ligoqeka kakhulu. Kwezinye izimo, ukuwohloka kokuhlangana kwe-CV kwangaphakathi kutholwa ukudlidliza kanye “nokunyakaziswa” kwemoto. lapho ijubane futhi ngesivinini (cishe i-100 km/h noma ngaphezulu). Ngisho nalapho ushayela emgwaqeni oqondile nosezingeni (izimpawu zifana nesimo lapho amasondo engalingani).

bese sidlulela empendulweni yombuzo wokuthi kunqunywa kanjani ukuthi yiziphi iziqephu ezihlanganyelwe ze-CV, zangaphakathi noma zangaphandle. Kunama-algorithms ambalwa okuqinisekisa. Ake siqale ngamahinge angaphandle.

Ukunqunywa kwe-crunch evela ekuhlanganyeleni kwe-CV yangaphandle

Idizayini yejoyinti ye-CV yangaphandle

udinga ukukhetha indawo eyisicaba ongagibela kuyo imoto. Jikisa amasondo indlela yonke ohlangothini olulodwa bese usuka ngokucijile. Lokhu kuzonikeza umthwalo omkhulu kuhinji, futhi uma inephutha, uzozwa umsindo ojwayelekile. Ngendlela, ungayilalela ngokwakho (namafasitela avuliwe) noma nomsizi, ukuze abe eduze kwesondo ngenkathi imoto ihamba. Icala lesibili lihle kakhulu ekuxilongeni amalunga e-CV alungile, ngoba umsindo ovela lapho ufinyelela kumshayeli kubi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, izinqubo ezinjalo zingenziwa futhi emgwaqeni noma "ezimweni zensimu", ukuze ungakhathazeki futhi ungabheki indawo eyengeziwe yokuhlolwa.

Lapho ejika imoto Ngakwesokunxele izobhoboza i-CV yangaphandle ehlangene, nalapho ephenduka kwesokudla - kwesobunxele. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngalesi sikhathi amahinge ahambisanayo alayishwe kakhulu, ngoba iningi lemoto lidluliselwa kubo, inqobo nje uma kukhiqizwa i-torque ebalulekile. Futhi lapho umthwalo umkhulu, umsindo uyanda. Nokho, ezimweni ezingavamile, okuphambene nakho kuyiqiniso. Ngakho-ke, kuhle ukulalela ukuthi umsindo uvela ngakuphi, ngaphandle kwemoto,

Ibhidliza kanjani i-CV yangaphakathi ehlangene

Idizayini yejoyinti ye-CV yangaphakathi

Amahinge angaphakathi kuhlonzwe ngendlela ehlukile. ukuze unqume ukuthi iyiphi i-CV ehlangene enephutha, kwesokunxele noma kwesokudla, udinga ukuthola umgwaqo oqondile onemigodi emikhulu bese ushayela kuwo. Uma i-hinge iphukile, "izongqongqoza".

Sizophinde sichaze indlela eyodwa ethokozisayo yokunquma ukuthi i-crunches yangaphakathi ye-CV ehlangene, ehlanganisa ukungalengi amasondo, kodwa isisindo esingemuva semoto (ukutshala abantu abaningi, ukulayisha isiqu), okungukuthi, ukuyikhiqiza. ngendlela yokuthi ingaphambili lemoto liphakame, futhi i-eksisi ye-CV ehlangene yangaphakathi igobe ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma kulesi sikhundla uzwa umsindo wokunyakaza, lokhu kungenye yezimpawu zokuwohloka komhlangano oshiwo.

Ngesikhathi sokusebenza okujwayelekile kwemoto, akunconywa ukuthi uhlale ushayela ngengaphambili lemoto eliphakanyiswe phezulu, okungukuthi, ungalayishi kakhulu ingemuva lemoto. Buka iziphethu ezidonsa umoya, ama-spacers.

Indlela yokuxilonga yendawo yonke

Ukuxilongwa kokuhluleka kokujoyina kwe-CV yangaphakathi

Sethula i-algorithm kwenye, inketho yendawo yonke, ukuthi ungathola kanjani ukuthi yiliphi "ibhomu" eliqhumayo. Udinga ukwenza ngokulandelana okulandelayo:

• Abeke amasondo emoto aqonde.
• Gcoba elinye lamasondo angaphambili.
• Beka imoto phezu kwebhuleki lesandla kanye negiya elingathathi hlangothi.
• Qala injini yomlilo yangaphakathi, cindezela i-clutch, faka igiya lokuqala futhi ukhulule kancane i-clutch, okungukuthi, "suka" (ngenxa yalokho, isondo elimisiwe lizoqala ukujikeleza).
• Cindezela kancane i-pedal yebhuleki, usebenzisa umthwalo wemvelo kuhinji. Uma enye "yamabhomu" yangaphakathi inephutha, khona-ke ngalesi sikhathi uzozwa ukungqongqoza okuvamile kwesokunxele noma kwesokudla. Uma amajoyinti e-CV engaphakathi ehlelekile, imoto izomane imile.
• Jikisa isiteringi uye kwesokunxele. Cindezela kancane i-pedal yebhuleki. Uma “ibhomu” langaphakathi linephutha, lizoqhubeka nokushaya kwalo. Uma ijoyinti ye-CV yangaphandle kwesokunxele nayo inephutha, umsindo ophuma kuyo nawo uzokwengezwa.
• Jikisa isiteringi uye kwesokudla. Yenza izinqubo ezifanayo. Uma kukhona ukungqongqoza lapho isiteringi sijikiswa kwesokudla, ihinji yangaphandle yesokudla inephutha.
• Khumbula ukufaka igiya endaweni engathathi hlangothi, cisha injini bese ulinda ukuthi isondo lime ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokulehlisa phansi.

Uma ulenga amasondo futhi uhlola amajoyinti e-CV, landela imithetho yezokuphepha, okungukuthi, ungakhohlwa ukubeka imoto kwi-handbrake, kodwa kunalokho sebenzisa i-wheel chock.

Kungani i-SHRUS iqala ukuqhekeka

Amajoyinti e-CV, angaphakathi nangaphandle, ayizindlela ezinokwethenjelwa, futhi ngokunakekelwa okufanele, impilo yabo yenkonzo ibalwa ngeminyaka. Kwezinye izimo, ingaqhathaniswa nokuphila kwayo yonke imoto. Kodwa-ke, lesi simo sincike ngqo ekunakekelweni nasezimeni zokusebenza kwamajoyinti e-CV.

Esinye sezizathu zokuthi kungani amahinge ehluleka kusenesikhathi isitayela sokushayela esinolaka kanye / noma umgwaqo ongemuhle lapho imoto ihamba khona. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, amajoyinti e-CV abhekana nomthwalo omkhulu ngesikhathi sokuphenduka okuqinile kanye netorque ephezulu esuka enjinini evuthayo yangaphakathi (ngamanye amazwi, lapho umshayeli engena ejikeni “ngegesi”). Ngokuqondene nemigwaqo emibi, ayikwazi ukulimaza kuphela ukumiswa kwemoto, kodwa futhi nokuhlangana kwe-CV, ngoba isimo esifanayo sidalwa lapha. Isibonelo, umshayeli unikeza ukusheshisa imoto ngejoyinti ye-CV, futhi ngalesi sikhathi isondo liyazulazula kakhulu endizeni eqondile. Ngakho-ke, ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo, i-hinge nayo ithola umthwalo owandayo.

Ibhuthi ehlangene ye-CV edabukile kanye namafutha kwaphuma kuyo

Isizathu sesibili sokuthi kungani i-SHRUS iqala ukuqhekeka yi umonakalo ku-anther yakhe. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ekuhlanganyeleni kwe-CV yangaphandle, njengoba kuseduze nesondo, ngokulandelana, inani elikhulu lothuli nokungcola lifika emzimbeni walo. Ngaphansi kwe-boot kukhona i-lubricant, okuthi, lapho umswakama nokungcola kungena kuyo, ngokushesha iphenduke ibe ukwakheka kwe-abrasive, eqala ukucekela phansi izindawo zangaphakathi zamalunga e-hinge. Akufanele lokhu kuvunyelwe ngaphansi kwezimo. Kuyadingeka ukuhlola njalo isimo se-anther emgodini wokuhlola, kanye nokuba khona kwamafutha kuwo. hlola futhi ukuthi akhona yini amafutha ezindongeni nasezinxenyeni eziseduze kwawo, ngoba ngokuvamile uma ibhuthi idabukile, ivele isakazeke ezindaweni ezishiwo.

Isizathu sesithathu sokuthi kungani i-"grenade" igoqa lapho iphenduka ukuguga okuvamile izingxenye zayo zangaphakathi ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile zokusebenza. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngamajoyinti e-CV ashibhile noma asekhaya. Uma umshini wenziwe ngensimbi "eluhlaza" noma yekhwalithi ephansi, khona-ke impilo yeyunithi enjalo izoba mfushane. Ku-hinge yangaphandle, endaweni yokuxhumana phakathi kwamabhola nekheji, ukugqoka kancane kancane kuqala ukuvela. Ngenxa yalokho, ukugoqa kwamabhola abonisiwe kwenzeka ngokukhululekile kakhulu, eduze kwama-grooves anobubanzi obukhulu kunamabhola ngokwawo. Ukuginqika okunjalo kubonwa indlebe yomuntu njengohlobo oluthile lokushwaqa.

Ukuhlonzwa komdlalo ekuhlanganyeleni kwe-CV

Uphawu olwengeziwe lokuhluleka kwengxenye yejoyinti ye-CV ukubukeka komdlalo ku-shaft noma ku-axle shaft. Kulula kakhulu ukuyibona ngokuyishayela embobeni yokuhlola bese udonsa izingxenye ezihambisanayo ngesandla sakho.

Imiphumela ye-CV ehlangene crunch

Kungenzeka yini ukugibela nge-CV joint crunch? Konke kuncike ngezinga lokuguga. Esigabeni sokuqala sokwehluleka ungakwazi ukugibela, kodwa hhayi Kunconywa, njengoba ukusebenza kweyunithi nakho kuholela emonakalweni omkhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngokushesha uzama ukulungisa i-hinge, kungcono, okokuqala, kuzokubiza kancane (mhlawumbe konke kuzokubiza ukuguqulwa kwe-lubricant), futhi okwesibili, ngeke ubeke engozini impilo nempilo yakho kanye nabagibeli bakho emotweni.

Ngakho-ke, imiphumela yeqiniso lokuthi i-SHRUS crunches ingaba:

• Ukujola. Okusho ukuthi, i-CV ehlangene izoyeka ukujikeleza. Lokhu kuyingozi ikakhulukazi uma uhamba ngesivinini, njengoba uzifaka engozini yokulahlekelwa ukulawula imoto, okungase kubulale. Ungazama ukuhlanganisa ihinge, kodwa isisombululo esingcono kakhulu ukuyifaka esikhundleni sayo.
• ikhefu lesiqeshana. Ukukhuluma ngokuqondile ngebhomu langaphandle, khona-ke uma kuziwa emgqeni, isiqeshana sivele siphuke, amabhola ahlakazeke, bese imiphumela ayibikezeli.
• Ukuqhekeka kwe-shaft noma i-half shaft. Kulokhu, i-gearbox izophendulela izingxenye ezimakiwe kuphela, kodwa ngenxa yezizathu ezicacile, lesi sikhathi ngeke sidluliselwe esondo lokushayela. Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu, futhi ukunyakaza okuqhubekayo kwemoto kungenzeka kuphela ku-tow noma iloli lokudonsa. Ngokwemvelo, okuwukuphela kwesixazululo esifanele kuleli cala kuzoba kuphela ukushintshwa kwe-CV ehlangene. Futhi uzoba nenhlanhla uma kufanele ushintshe i-hinge kuphela. Phela kunengozi yokuthi ezinye izingxenye eziseduze zizolimala ngale ngozi.

Esimeni esibi kakhulu, i-CV ehlangene ingagxuma noma iphule, okuzoholela esimweni esiphuthumayo emgwaqeni. Uma lokhu kwenzeka ngesivinini, kugcwele imiphumela emibi! Ngakho-ke, uma uzwa ukuthi "ibhomu" lishaya imoto yakho kunoma yiluphi uhlangothi, yenza ukuxilonga ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka (wedwa noma esiteshini sesevisi) futhi ulungise noma ushintshe ihinge.

Ungalungisa kanjani i-CV ehlangene

Ukulimala kwezingxenye zangaphakathi zehinge ngokuvamile kuholela ekushintshweni okuphelele komshini. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kwenzeka kuphela uma kukhona ukugqoka okuphawulekayo. Ezimweni eziningi, kunconywa ukuthi umane ubeke esikhundleni igrisi ehlangene ye-CV nebhuthi. Lokhu kwanele ukususa umsindo ocasulayo, nokwenza kube lula ukuthi imininingwane ihlanganyele.

Ngakho-ke, uma kwenzeka ungqongqoza noma uchofoza umsindo kwelinye lamalungu amane e-CV (sizocabanga ukuthi usuvele ucabange ukuthi iyiphi), udinga ukwenza lezi zenzo ezilandelayo:

Inhlanganisela entsha ye-CV yangaphakathi

• Shayela imoto emgodini wokubuka ukuze uhlole okuthile anther ubuqotho kanye nokuba khona kwama-grease splash ngaphansi kwawo ezindaweni eziqhelelene.
• Uma iminonjana kagrisi ibonakala ku-anther noma kwezinye izingxenye, ijoyinti le-CV kufanele lihlakazwe. bese uyiqaqa, khipha i-anther, hlambulula izingxenye zangaphakathi nezindawo, shintsha okokugcoba kanye ne-anther.
• Uma, phakathi nenqubo yokubuyekeza, uthola ukuhlehla okuphawulekayo kanye / noma ukulimala ezindaweni zokusebenza zezingxenye, ungazama ukuzigaya. Kodwa-ke, njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, le nqubo ayisebenzi, ngoba ngeke uqede ukukhiqizwa okuphawulekayo nganoma yini. Ngakho-ke, isincomo esihle kakhulu kungaba ukushintshwa okuhlanganyelwe kwe-CV.

Ukushintsha i-lubricant kanye ne-anther kungenziwa ngokuzimela, njengoba inqubo ilula. Okubaluleke kakhulu, lapho uqaqa, ungakhohlwa ukugeza zonke izingxenye zangaphakathi nezindawo ngophethiloli, mncane noma olunye uketshezi lokuhlanza. Bese ubeka i-lubricant entsha kuphela. Kodwa-ke, uma udiliza futhi ushintsha okokugcoba okokuqala ngqa, khona-ke kungcono ukuba nomuntu onolwazi oluthe xaxa lwe-auto enthusist noma master nawe. Noma ukuze enze inqubo futhi akubonise i-algorithm yayo. Esikhathini esizayo, ungakwazi ukubhekana kalula nomsebenzi onjalo.

Kwenze kube ngumthetho isitatimende esilandelayo - lapho ushintsha noma yiziphi izingxenye ezibhanqiwe emotweni, udinga ukushintsha zombili izindlela ngobusuku obubodwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunconywa ukuthi uthenge amahinge afanayo esikhundleni (womkhiqizi ofanayo kanye nomkhiqizo).

isiphetho

Amajoyinti e-CV ayizindlela ezithembekile neziqinile. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi sokusebenza, udinga ukuqapha njalo isimo sabo ukuze unqume ukuthi iyiphi i-CV ehlangene eqhumayo noma eyenza eminye imisindo engathandeki. Phela, lokhu kubonisa ukuwohloka komsebenzi wakhe. Ukuhluleka kwe-hinge esigabeni sokuqala akubalulekile. Nge-crunch, ungashayela ngaphezu kwekhulu namakhilomitha ayinkulungwane. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi uma ulungisa ngokushesha noma ushintsha ijoyinti ye-CV, izokubiza kancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungakhohlwa mayelana nokuphepha. Ungalethi isimo sehinge sibe esibucayi, ngoba ikusabisa ngesimo esiphuthumayo esibucayi, ikakhulukazi ngesivinini esikhulu. Sithemba ukuthi ulwazi olungenhla lukusize ukuthi uthole ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma i-CV ehlangene igoqa futhi unqume ukuthi iyiphi enephutha.