ukwehluleka kwe-valve ye-throttle

ukwehluleka kwe-valve ye-throttle ngaphandle, inganqunywa yizimpawu ezinjalo zokusebenza kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi - izinkinga ngokuqala, ukwehla kwamandla, ukuwohloka kwezici eziguqukayo, ukungenzi kahle okungazinzile, ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli. Izimbangela zokungasebenzi kahle zingase zibe ukungcoliswa kwe-damper, ukuvela kokuvuza komoya ohlelweni, ukusebenza okungalungile kwenzwa ye-throttle position, nabanye. ngokuvamile, ukulungiswa kwe-damper kulula, futhi ngisho nomshayeli we-novice angakwenza. Ukwenza lokhu, iyahlanzwa, i-TPS ishintshwe, noma ukumuncwa komoya wangaphandle kuqedwa.

Izimpawu Ze-throttle Ephukile

Umhlangano we-throttle ulawula ukunikezwa komoya endaweni eningi yokudonsa, ngenxa yokuthi ingxube yomoya ovuthayo yenziwa kamuva ibe nemingcele efanelekile yenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi. Ngakho-ke, nge-valve ye-throttle engalungile, ubuchwepheshe bokudala le ngxube bushintsha, obuthinta kabi ukuziphatha kwemoto. Okungukuthi, izimpawu ze-throttle position ephukile yilezi:

• ukuqala okuyinkinga kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi, ikakhulukazi "ebandayo", okungukuthi, enjini ebandayo, kanye nokusebenza kwayo okungazinzile;
• inani lejubane lenjini lihlala lishintshashintsha, futhi ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene - ngokungenzi lutho, ngaphansi komthwalo, phakathi kwamanani aphakathi;
• ukulahlekelwa izici ezishukumisayo zemoto, ukusheshisa okubi, ukulahlekelwa amandla lapho ushayela ukhuphuka kanye / noma nomthwalo;
• "I-Dips" lapho ucindezela i-accelerator pedal, ukulahlekelwa amandla ngezikhathi ezithile;
• ukwanda petrol;
• "i-garland" kudeshibhodi, okungukuthi, ilambu le-Check Engine likhanyisa noma liyacisha, futhi lokhu kuphinda ngezikhathi ezithile;
• i-motor ngokuzumayo igxilile, ngemva kokuyiqala kabusha isebenza ngokujwayelekile, kodwa isimo siyaphinda ngokushesha;
• ukuvela kaningi kokuqhunyiswa kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi;
• ohlelweni lwe-exhaust, iphunga elithile likaphethiloli livela, elihlotshaniswa nokushiswa okungaphelele kwamafutha;
• kwezinye izimo, ukuzithungela kwengxube yomoya ovuthayo kwenzeka;
• Ku-multifold intake kanye / noma ku-muffler, ama-pop athambile kwesinye isikhathi azwakala.

Kuyafaneleka ukungeza lapha ukuthi eziningi zezimpawu ezisohlwini zingase zibonise izinkinga nezinye izakhi zenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi. Ngakho-ke, ngokuhambisana nokuhlola ukuwohloka kwe-throttle kagesi noma yemishini, ukuxilongwa okwengeziwe kwezinye izingxenye kufanele kwenziwe. Futhi okungcono ngosizo lwesithwebuli se-elekthronikhi, esizosiza ukucacisa iphutha le-throttle.

Izimbangela ze-throttle ephukile

Kunezizathu eziningi ezijwayelekile eziholela ekungasebenzi kahle komhlangano we-throttle kanye nezinkinga ezichazwe ngenhla. Ake sibhale ngokulandelana ukuthi hlobo luni lokuhluleka kwe-throttle valve kungaba.

Isilawuli sejubane lokungenzi lutho

Isilawuli sesivinini esingenzi lutho (noma i-IAC ngamafuphi) siklanyelwe ukunikeza umoya kubuningi benjini evuthayo yangaphakathi uma ingenzi lutho, okungukuthi, lapho i-throttle ivaliwe. Ngokwehluleka okuyingxenye noma okuphelele kwesilawuli, ukusebenza okungazinzile kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi lapho ingenzi lutho kuzoqashelwa kuze kube sekupheleni kwayo. Njengoba isebenza ngokuhambisana nomhlangano we-throttle.

ukwehluleka kwenzwa ye-throttle

futhi imbangela evamile yokuhluleka kwe-throttle yizinkinga nge-throttle position sensor (TPSD). Umsebenzi wenzwa ukulungisa isikhundla se-throttle esihlalweni sayo futhi udlulisele ulwazi oluhambisanayo ku-ECU. Iyunithi yokulawula, yona, ikhetha indlela ethile yokusebenza, inani lomoya onikeziwe, uphethiloli kanye nokulungisa isikhathi sokuvutha.

Uma inzwa ye-throttle position idilika, le node idlulisela ulwazi olungalungile kukhompyutha, noma ayiludluliseli nhlobo. Ngakho-ke, iyunithi ye-elekthronikhi, esekelwe olwazini olungalungile, ikhetha izindlela ezingalungile zokusebenza kwenjini yangaphakathi evuthayo, noma ifake ekusebenzeni kwimodi ephuthumayo. Ngokuvamile, lapho inzwa yehluleka, ukukhanya kwe-Check Engine kudeshibhodi kuyakhanyisa.

I-Actuator ye-throttle

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-throttle actuator - mechanical (esebenzisa ikhebula) kanye ne-electronic (ngokusekelwe olwazini oluvela kunzwa). Idrayivu yemishini yafakwa ezimotweni ezindala, futhi manje akusajwayelekile. Ukusebenza kwayo kusekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kwentambo yensimbi exhuma i-accelerator pedal kanye ne-lever ku-throttle axis of rotation. Ikhebula linganwebeka noma liphuke, nakuba lokhu kuyivelakancane.

Isetshenziswa kabanzi ezimotweni zesimanje idrayivu ye-elekthronikhi ukulawula i-throttle. Imiyalo yesikhundla se-Throttle itholwa iyunithi yokulawula ye-elekthronikhi ngokusekelwe olwazini olutholwe ku-sensor actuator ye-damper kanye ne-DPZD. Uma inzwa eyodwa noma enye ihluleka, iyunithi yokulawula ishintshela ekusebenzeni okuphuthumayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, idrayivu ye-damper ivaliwe, iphutha likhiqizwa kumemori yekhompyutha, futhi isibani sesexwayiso se-Check Engine sikhanyisa kudeshibhodi. Ekuziphatheni kwemoto, izinkinga ezichazwe ngenhla zivela:

• imoto isabela kabi ekucindezeleni i-accelerator pedal (noma ayiphenduli nhlobo);
• ijubane lenjini alikhuphuki ngaphezu kwe-1500 rpm;
• izici ezishukumisayo zemoto ziyancipha;
• isivinini esingazinzile sokungenzi lutho, kuze kufike esitobhini esiphelele senjini.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, injini kagesi ye-damper drive ihluleka. Kulokhu, i-damper itholakala endaweni eyodwa, elungisa iyunithi yokulawula, ibeka umshini esimweni esiphuthumayo.

I-Depressurization yesistimu

Ngokuvamile imbangela yokusebenza okungazinzile kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi yemoto i-depressurization endleleni yokungenisa. okungukuthi, umoya ungamuncwa kulezi zindawo ezilandelayo:

• izindawo lapho i-damper icindezelwa khona emzimbeni, kanye ne-axis yayo;
• indiza yokuqala ebandayo;
• ukuxhuma ithubhu likathayela ngemuva kwenzwa ye-throttle position;
• inhlanganisela (i-inlet) yepayipi le-crankcase gas cleaner kanye ne-corrugations;
• izimpawu ze-nozzle;
• iziphetho zemfucuza kaphethiloli;
• i-vacuum brake booster tube;
• ama-throttle body seals.

Ukuvuza komoya kuholela ekwakhekeni okungalungile kwengxube yomoya ovuthayo kanye nokuvela kwamaphutha ekusebenzeni kwepheshana lokungena. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umoya ovuzayo ngale ndlela awuhlanzwa kusihlungi somoya, ngakho-ke ungase ube nothuli oluningi noma ezinye izakhi ezincane eziyingozi.

ukungcoliswa kwe-damper

Umzimba we-throttle enjini evuthayo yangaphakathi yemoto uxhumeke ngokuqondile ohlelweni lokuphefumula kwe-crankcase. Ngalesi sizathu, itiyela namafutha ediphozithi kanye nezinye izinsalela zinqwabelana ngokuhamba kwesikhathi emzimbeni wayo kanye ne-asi. izimpawu ezijwayelekile zokungcoliswa kwe-throttle valve ziyavela. Lokhu kuvezwa ukuthi i-damper ayihambi kahle, imvamisa inamathela futhi igoqe. Ngenxa yalokho, injini yomlilo yangaphakathi ayizinzile, futhi amaphutha ahambisanayo akhiqizwa kuyunithi yokulawula ye-elekthronikhi.

ukuze uqede lezi zinkinga, udinga ukuhlola njalo isimo se-throttle, futhi uma kunesidingo, uhlanze ngamathuluzi akhethekile, isibonelo, abahlanza i-carburetor noma ama-analogues abo.

Indlela yokuhlanza umzimba we-throttle

Ngaphambi kokuhlanza i-valve ye-throttle, kufanelekile ukutadisha amaphutha amahlanu ayisisekelo abanikazi bezimoto abazenzayo kule nqubo. Izincomo zendlela yokuhlanza kahle amadiphozithi ekhabhoni ekuvikelweni kwangaphakathi. Imininingwane eyengeziwe

 

Ukujwayela i-throttle kuhlulekile

Ezimweni ezingavamile, kungenzeka ukusetha kabusha ukulungiswa kwe-throttle. Kungase futhi kuholele ezinkingeni ezishiwo. Izizathu zokwehluleka ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kungaba:

• ukunqanyulwa nokuxhumeka okwengeziwe kwebhethri emotweni;
• ukudilizwa (ukuvalwa) kanye nokufakwa okulandelayo (ukuxhumana) kweyunithi yokulawula ye-elekthronikhi;
• i-valve ye-throttle ikhishwe, isibonelo, ukuhlanza;
• I-accelerator pedal ikhishiwe futhi yafakwa kabusha.

Futhi, isizathu sokuzivumelanisa nokundiza kungase kube umswakama ongene ku-chip, ikhefu noma ukulimala kwesignali kanye / noma intambo yamandla. Udinga ukuqonda ukuthi kukhona i-electronic potentiometer ngaphakathi kwe-valve ye-throttle. Ngaphakathi kukhona amathrekhi ane-graphite coating. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngesikhathi sokusebenza kweyunithi, ziyaguga futhi zingaguga kangangokuthi ngeke zidlulisele ulwazi olunembile mayelana nokuma kwe-damper.

Ukulungiswa kwe-throttle valve

Izinyathelo zokulungisa umhlangano we-throttle zincike kuzizathu ezavela ngazo izinkinga. Ngokuvamile, ububanzi bomsebenzi wokulungisa buqukethe zonke noma ingxenye yalezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:

• uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka okuphelele noma okuyingxenye kwezinzwa ze-throttle, kufanele zishintshwe, ngoba azilungiseki;
• ukuhlanza nokukhipha isilawuli sesivinini esingenzi lutho, kanye ne-valve ye-throttle kusuka ku-oyela ne-tar deposits;
• ukubuyisela ukuqina ngokususa ukuvuza komoya (imvamisa ama-gaskets ahambisanayo kanye / noma amashubhu kathayela axhumayo ayashintshwa).

Sicela uqaphele ukuthi kaningi ngemva komsebenzi wokulungisa, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuhlanza i-throttle, kuyadingeka ukuyivumelanisa. Lokhu kwenziwa kusetshenziswa ikhompuyutha nohlelo olukhethekile.

Ukulungiswa kwe-valve ye-throttle "Vasya diagnostician"

Ezimotweni zeqembu le-VAG, inqubo yokujwayela i-damper ingenziwa kusetshenziswa uhlelo oludumile lwe-Vag-Com noma i-Vasya Diagnostic. Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokuzivumelanisa nezimo, izinyathelo zokuqala ezilandelayo kufanele zithathwe:

• susa ngaphambili (okungcono izikhathi ezimbalwa) wonke amaphutha avela ku-ECU enjini yangaphakathi yomlilo NGAPHAMBI kokuqala izilungiselelo eziyisisekelo ohlelweni lwe-Vasya Diagnostic;
• I-voltage yebhethri yemoto akufanele ibe ngaphansi kuka-11,5 volts;
• i-throttle kufanele ibe sesimweni sokungenzi lutho, okungukuthi, ayidingi ukucindezelwa ngonyawo lwakho;
• i-throttle kumele ihlanzwe ngaphambili (usebenzisa ama-agent okuhlanza);
• izinga lokushisa elipholile kufanele libe okungenani ama-degree Celsius angama-80 (kwezinye izimo lingaba ngaphansi, kodwa lingabi kakhulu).

Inqubo yokuzijwayeza ngokwayo yenziwa ngokuya nge-algorithm elandelayo:

• Xhuma ikhompyutha ngohlelo olufakiwe "Vasya diagnostician" usebenzisa ikhebula elifanele kusixhumi sesevisi seyunithi ye-electronic yemoto.
• Vula i-iignity yemoto.
• Faka uhlelo esigabeni 1 "ICE", bese 8 "Izilungiselelo eziyisisekelo", khetha isiteshi 060, ukhethe bese uchofoza inkinobho ethi "Qala ukuzivumelanisa".

Njengomphumela wezenzo ezichaziwe, izinketho ezimbili zingenzeka - inqubo yokujwayela izoqala, ngenxa yalokho umlayezo ohambisanayo othi "Ukuvumelana Kulungile" uzoboniswa. Ngemuva kwalokho, udinga ukuya kubhulokhi yephutha futhi, uma kukhona, susa ngokuhlelekile imininingwane ngabo.

Kodwa uma, ngenxa yokuqalisa ukuzivumelanisa nezimo, uhlelo lubonisa umlayezo wephutha, khona-ke udinga ukwenza ngokuvumelana ne-algorithm elandelayo:

• Phuma kokuthi "Izilungiselelo Eziyisisekelo" bese uya ebhulokhini lamaphutha kuhlelo. Susa amaphutha kabili ngokulandelana, ngisho noma awekho.
• Vala umlilo wemoto bese ukhipha ukhiye ekukhiyeni.
• Linda 5 ... imizuzwana eyi-10, bese ufaka ukhiye ekhiyeni futhi bese ukhanyisa ukuthungela.
• Phinda izinyathelo zokujwayela ezingenhla.

Uma, ngemva kwezenzo ezichaziwe, uhlelo lubonisa umlayezo wephutha, khona-ke lokhu kubonisa ukuhlukana kwamanodi ahilelekile emsebenzini. okungukuthi, i-throttle ngokwayo noma izakhi zayo ngabanye zingase zibe nephutha, izinkinga ngekhebula elixhunyiwe, uhlelo olungafaneleki lokuzivumelanisa nezimo (ungathola ngokuvamile izinguqulo ze-Vasya ezigqekeziwe ezingasebenzi kahle).

Uma udinga ukuqeqesha i-throttle ye-Nissan, khona-ke kukhona i-algorithm yokuzivumelanisa ehluke kancane, engadingi ukusetshenziswa kwanoma yiluphi uhlelo. Ngakho-ke, kwezinye izimoto, njenge-Opel, i-Subaru, i-Renault, izimiso zabo zokufunda i-throttle.

Kwezinye izimo, ngemva kokuhlanza i-valve ye-throttle, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kungase kwande, futhi ukusebenza kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi ngokungenzi lutho kuzohambisana noshintsho kuzo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-electronic control unit izoqhubeka nokunikeza imiyalo ngokuhambisana nemingcele eyayingaphambi kokuhlanza i-throttle. Ukuze ugweme isimo esinjalo, udinga ukulinganisa i-damper. Kwenziwa kusetshenziswa idivayisi ekhethekile ngokusetha kabusha imingcele yokusebenza edlule.

Ukuzijwayeza komshini

Ngosizo lohlelo olucacisiwe lwe-Vag-Com, izimoto kuphela ezikhiqizwe i-VAG yaseJalimane ekhathazayo ezingashintshwa ngokohlelo. Kweminye imishini, ama-algorithms ayo okwenza i-throttle adaptation inikezwa. Cabanga ngesibonelo sokujwayela i-Chevrolet Lacetti ethandwayo. Ngakho, i-algorithm yokujwayela izoba kanje:

• vula i-ignition imizuzwana emi-5;
• cisha umlilo imizuzwana engu-10;
• vula i-ignition imizuzwana emi-5;
• qala injini yomlilo yangaphakathi ngokungathathi hlangothi (ukudluliselwa okwenziwa ngesandla) noma Ipaki (i-automatic transmission);
• ukushisa kufika ku-85 degrees Celsius (ngaphandle kokuvuselela);
• vula i-air conditioner imizuzwana engu-10 (uma ikhona);
• cisha i-air conditioner imizuzwana engu-10 (uma ikhona);
• ku-othomathikhi: sebenzisa ibhuleki yokupaka, cindezela i-pedal ye-brake bese uhambisa okuzenzakalelayo endaweni D (shayela);
• vula i-air conditioner imizuzwana engu-10 (uma ikhona);
• cisha i-air conditioner imizuzwana engu-10 (uma ikhona);
• cisha ukuthungela.

Kweminye imishini, ukukhohlisa kuzoba nomlingiswa ofanayo futhi akuthathi isikhathi esiningi nomzamo.

Ukusebenzisa i-valve ye-throttle engalungile enjinini evuthayo yangaphakathi kunemiphumela edabukisayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. okungukuthi, ngenkathi injini yomlilo yangaphakathi ingasebenzi kumodi efanelekile, i-gearbox iyahlupheka, izakhi zeqembu le-cylinder-piston.

Ungakunquma kanjani ukuvuza komoya

Ukucindezeleka kwesistimu, okungukuthi, ukuvela kokuvuza komoya, kungaholela ekusebenzeni okungalungile kwenjini yangaphakathi yomlilo. Ukuze uthole izindawo zokuncela okubonisiwe, udinga ukwenza lezi zenzo ezilandelayo:

• Ngosizo luka diesel fuel chitha izindawo zokufaka imibhobho.
• Njengoba injini isebenza, nqamula inzwa yokugeleza komoya enkulu (MAF) endaweni yesihlungi somoya bese uyimboza ngesandla sakho noma ngenye into. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-corrugation kufanele inciphise kancane ngevolumu. Uma kungabikho ukumuncwa, khona-ke injini evuthayo yangaphakathi izoqala "ukuthimula" futhi ekugcineni imise. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, kukhona ukuvuza komoya ohlelweni, futhi ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kuyadingeka.
• Ungazama ukuvala i-throttle ngesandla. Uma kungabikho ukumuncwa, injini evuthayo yangaphakathi izoqala ukuminyanisa futhi ima. Uma iqhubeka nokusebenza ngokujwayelekile, kuba nokuvuza komoya.

Abanye abanikazi bezimoto bampompa umfutho womoya owedlulele endaweni ethathayo enenani elingafika kuma-atmospheres angu-1,5. ngokuqhubekayo, ngosizo lwesisombululo se-soapy, ungathola izindawo zokucindezeleka kwesistimu.

Ukuvimbela ukusetshenziswa

Ngokwayo, i-valve ye-throttle yenzelwe impilo yonke yemoto, okungukuthi, ayinayo imvamisa yokubuyisela. Ngakho-ke, ukushintshwa kwayo kwenziwa lapho iyunithi ihluleka ngenxa yokwehluleka kwemishini, ukwehluleka kwayo yonke injini yomlilo yangaphakathi, noma ngenxa yezinye izizathu ezibalulekile. Kaningi kunalokho, inzwa ye-throttle position eshiwo ngenhla iyehluleka. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, kufanele ishintshwe.

Ukuze usebenze okuvamile kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi, i-valve ye-throttle kufanele ihlanzwe ngezikhathi ezithile futhi ihlelwe kabusha. lokhu kungenziwa uma kuvela izimpawu ezingenhla zokuwohloka, noma ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kungalethi kuleso simo. Ngokuya ngekhwalithi yamafutha asetshenzisiwe kanye nezimo zokusebenza zemoto, kunconywa ukuhlanza i-throttle ngesikhathi sokushintsha uwoyela wenjini, okungukuthi, njalo nge-15 ... amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-20.