inzwa ye-oxygen ephukile

inzwa ye-oxygen ephukile kuholela ekwandeni kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, ukwehla kwezici eziguquguqukayo zemoto, ukusebenza okungazinzile kwenjini ngokungenzi lutho, ukwanda kobuthi bokukhipha amandla. Ngokuvamile, izizathu zokuwohloka kwenzwa yokuhlushwa kwe-oksijeni kungukulimala kwayo komshini, ukuphuka kwesifunda sikagesi (isiginali), ukungcoliswa kwengxenye ebucayi yenzwa ngemikhiqizo yokushiswa kukaphethiloli. Kwezinye izimo, isibonelo, uma kwenzeka iphutha elithi p0130 noma i-p0141 kudeshibhodi, isibani sesexwayiso se-Check Engine siyasebenza. Kungenzeka ukusebenzisa umshini onenzwa ye-oxygen engalungile, kodwa lokhu kuzoholela ezinkingeni ezingenhla.

Inhloso yenzwa ye-oxygen

Inzwa ye-oxygen ifakwe ku-exhaust manifold (indawo ethile nenani lingahluka ezimotweni ezihlukene), futhi liqaphe ukuba khona komoya-mpilo kumagesi okukhipha umoya. Embonini yezimoto, uhlamvu lwesiGreki elithi "lambda" lubhekisela esilinganisweni somoya-mpilo oweqile engxubeni yamafutha omoya. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi inzwa ye-oxygen ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "i-lambda probe".

Ulwazi olunikezwe inzwa ngenani le-oxygen ekubunjweni kwamagesi okukhipha amandla yiyunithi yokulawula i-electronic ICE (ECU) isetshenziselwa ukulungisa umjovo kaphethiloli. Uma kukhona i-oksijeni eningi emagesini okukhipha umoya, khona-ke ingxube ye-air-fuel ehlinzekwa kumasilinda impofu (i-voltage ku-sensor ingu-0,1 ... Volta). Ngokufanelekile, inani likaphethiloli elinikeziwe liyalungiswa uma kunesidingo. Okuthinta hhayi kuphela izici ashukumisayo injini amandla omlilo yangaphakathi, kodwa futhi ukusebenza isiguquli catalytic of exhaust gases.

Ezimweni eziningi, ububanzi bokusebenza okuphumelelayo kwe-catalyst yi-14,6 ... 14,8 izingxenye zomoya ingxenye ngayinye yamafutha. Lokhu kuhambisana nenani le-lambda lokukodwa. ngakho-ke, inzwa ye-oxygen iwuhlobo lwesilawuli esitholakala ku-multifold exhaust.

Ezinye izimoto zenzelwe ukusebenzisa izinzwa ezimbili zokugxilisa umoya komoyampilo. Enye itholakala ngaphambi kwe-catalyst, kanti eyesibili ingemva. Umsebenzi wokuqala ukulungisa ukwakheka kwengxube ye-air-fuel, kanti okwesibili ukuhlola ukusebenza kahle kwe-catalyst. Izinzwa ngokwazo zivame ukufana ngomklamo.

Ingabe uphenyo lwe-lambda luyakuthinta ukwethulwa - kuzokwenzekani?

Uma ucisha i-lambda probe, khona-ke kuzoba nokwanda kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, ukwanda kobuthi bamagesi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukusebenza okungazinzile kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi ngokungenzi lutho. Kodwa-ke, lo mphumela uvela kuphela ngemva kokufudumala, njengoba inzwa ye-oxygen iqala ukusebenza emazingeni okushisa akhuphukele ku-+300 ° C. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ukwakheka kwayo kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kokushisa okukhethekile, okuvulwa lapho injini iqalwa. Ngakho-ke, kungumzuzu wokuqala injini lapho i-lambda probe ingasebenzi, futhi ayithinti neze isiqalo ngokwayo.

Ukukhanya "hlola" uma kwenzeka ukuphuka kwe-lambda probe kukhanya lapho amaphutha athile enziwe kumemori ye-ECU ehambisana nokulimala kwezintambo zezinzwa noma inzwa ngokwayo, noma kunjalo, ikhodi ilungiswa kuphela ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile. injini yomlilo yangaphakathi.

Izimpawu zenzwa ye-oxygen ephukile

Ukwehluleka kwe-lambda probe kuvame ukuhambisana nezimpawu zangaphandle ezilandelayo:

• Ukuwohloka kokudonsa kanye nokwehla ekusebenzeni okuguquguqukayo kwemoto.
• Ukungenzi lutho okungazinzile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inani lama-revolutions lingagxuma futhi liwele ngaphansi kwesilinganiso esiphezulu. Esimeni esibucayi kakhulu, imoto ngeke ingasebenzi nhlobo futhi ngaphandle kokuthi umshayeli ehefuze izovele ime.
• Ukwenyuka kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli. Ngokuvamile ukweqisa akubalulekile, kodwa kunganqunywa ngokukalwa kohlelo.
• Ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni eyengeziwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amagesi e-exhaust aba opaque, kodwa abe ne-tint empunga noma eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye nephunga elibukhali, elifana nophethiloli.

Kuhle ukusho ukuthi izimpawu ezibalwe ngenhla zingabonisa okunye ukuwohloka kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi noma amanye amasistimu emoto. Ngakho-ke, ukuze unqume ukwehluleka kwenzwa ye-oksijeni, ukuhlolwa okuningana kuyadingeka usebenzisa, okokuqala, isithwebuli sokuxilonga kanye ne-multimeter ukuhlola izimpawu ze-lambda (ukulawula nokushisa isifunda).

ngokuvamile, izinkinga ngezintambo zenzwa ye-oxygen zitholwa ngokucacile yiyunithi yokulawula ye-elekthronikhi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amaphutha akhiqizwa kwimemori yayo, isibonelo, p0136, p0130, p0135, p0141 nabanye. Noma ngabe yikuphi, kuyadingeka ukuhlola isifunda senzwa (hlola ubukhona be-voltage kanye nobuqotho bezintambo zomuntu ngamunye), futhi ubheke isimiso somsebenzi (usebenzisa i-oscilloscope noma uhlelo lokuxilonga).

Izizathu zokuwohloka kwenzwa ye-oxygen

Ezimweni eziningi, i-oksijini i-lambda isebenza cishe izinkulungwane eziyi-100 km ngaphandle kokwehluleka, noma kunjalo, kunezizathu ezinciphisa kakhulu insiza yayo futhi ziholele ekuqhekekeni.

• i-oxygen sensor circuit ephukile. Ziveze ngendlela ehlukile. Lokhu kungase kube ikhefu eliphelele ekunikezeni kanye / noma izintambo zesignali. Ukulimala okungenzeka kumjikelezo wokushisa. Kulokhu, i-lambda probe ngeke isebenze kuze kube yilapho amagesi e-exhaust ayifudumeza ekushiseni okusebenzayo. Ukulimala okungaba khona kokufakwayo ezintanjeni. Kulokhu, kukhona isifunda esifushane.
• Ukujikeleza okufushane kwenzwa. Kulokhu, ihluleka ngokuphelele futhi, ngokufanele, ayinikezi noma yiziphi izimpawu. Amaprobe amaningi e-lambda awakwazi ukulungiswa futhi kufanele kufakwe amasha.
• Ukungcoliswa kwenzwa ngemikhiqizo yokushiswa kukaphethiloli. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, inzwa ye-oxygen, ngenxa yezizathu zemvelo, kancane kancane iba ngcolile futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ingase iyeke ukudlulisa ulwazi olulungile. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, abakhiqizi bezimoto batusa ngezikhathi ezithile ukushintsha inzwa ibe yintsha, kuyilapho bekhetha eyokuqala, ngoba i-lambda yendawo yonke ayibonisi ngaso sonke isikhathi ulwazi ngendlela efanele.
• Ukugcwala okushisayo. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ngenxa yezinkinga zokuthungela, okungukuthi, ukuphazamiseka kukho. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo, inzwa isebenza emazingeni okushisa abalulekile kuyo, okunciphisa impilo yayo yonke futhi kancane kancane iyikhubaze.
• Ukulimala komshini kunzwa. Zingenzeka ngesikhathi sokulungisa okungalungile, lapho ushayela ngaphandle komgwaqo, imithelela engozini.
• Sebenzisa uma ufaka ama-sensor sealant alapha ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu.
• Imizamo eminingi engaphumelelanga yokuqala injini yomlilo yangaphakathi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uphethiloli ongashiswanga unqwabelana enjinini yangaphakathi yomlilo, futhi okungukuthi, ekukhipheni okuningi.
• Ukuthintana nethiphu ebucayi (yeceramic) yenzwa yoketshezi oluhlukahlukene lwenqubo noma izinto ezincane zangaphandle.
• Ukuvuza ohlelweni lwe-exhaust. Isibonelo, i-gasket phakathi kwe-manifold kanye ne-catalyst ingase ishe.

Sicela uqaphele ukuthi isimo senzwa ye-oxygen sincike kakhulu esimweni sezinye izakhi zenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi. Ngakho-ke, lezi zizathu ezilandelayo zinciphisa kakhulu impilo ye-lambda probe: isimo esingagculisi sezindandatho zokukhuhla uwoyela, ukungena kwe-antifreeze kuwoyela (amasilinda), kanye nengxube yamafutha omoya anothisiwe. Futhi uma, ngenzwa ye-oksijeni esebenzayo, inani le-carbon dioxide lingaba ngu-0,1 ... 0,3%, khona-ke lapho uphenyo lwe-lambda luhluleka, inani elihambisanayo likhuphuka libe ngu-3 ... 7%.

Ungayibona kanjani inzwa ye-oxygen ephukile

Kunezindlela eziningi zokuhlola isimo senzwa ye-lambda kanye namasekhethi ayo okunikezwayo / isignali.

Ochwepheshe be-BOSCH bayeluleka ukuhlola inzwa ehambisanayo njalo ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-30, noma lapho kutholakala ukungasebenzi kahle okuchazwe ngenhla.

Yini okufanele yenziwe kuqala lapho uxilonga?

1. kuyadingeka ukulinganisa inani le-soot ku-probe tube. Uma kuningi kakhulu, inzwa ngeke isebenze kahle.
2. Nquma umbala wediphozithi. Uma kukhona okumhlophe noma okumpunga kusici esibucayi senzwa, lokhu kusho ukuthi izithasiselo zikaphethiloli noma zikawoyela ziyasetshenziswa. Zithinta kabi ukusebenza kwe-lambda probe. Uma kukhona ama-deposit acwebezelayo ku-tube ye-probe, lokhu kubonisa ukuthi kukhona ukuhola okuningi kuphethiloli osetshenzisiwe, futhi kungcono ukwenqaba ukusebenzisa uphethiloli onjalo, ngokulandelanayo, ukushintsha uhlobo lwegalaji likaphethiloli.
3. Ungazama ukuhlanza umule, kodwa lokhu akwenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi.
4. Hlola ubuqotho bezintambo nge-multimeter. Kuye ngemodeli yenzwa ethile, ingaba nezintambo ezimbili kuya kwezinhlanu. Enye yazo izoba isignali, kanti okunye kuzonikezwa, kufaka phakathi ukunika amandla izakhi zokushisa. Ukuze wenze inqubo yokuhlola, uzodinga i-multimeter yedijithali ekwazi ukukala i-DC voltage kanye nokumelana.
5. Kuyafaneleka ukuhlola ukumelana kwe-heater yezinzwa. Kumamodeli ahlukene we-lambda probe, izoba kububanzi obusuka ku-2 kuye ku-14 ohms. Inani le-voltage yokuhlinzeka kufanele libe ngu-10,5 ... 12 Volts. Phakathi nenqubo yokuqinisekisa, kuyadingeka futhi ukuhlola ubuqotho bazo zonke izintambo ezifanele inzwa, kanye nenani lokumelana nokufakwa kwe-insulation (kokubili ngamabili phakathi kwabo, futhi ngayinye phansi).

Ungayibheka kanjani ividiyo ye-lambda probe

Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ukusebenza okuvamile kwenzwa ye-oksijini kungenzeka kuphela ekushiseni kwayo okujwayelekile kokusebenza okungu-+300°С…+400°С. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kuphela ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo lapho i-zirconium electrolyte efakwe endaweni ebucayi yenzwa ibe umqhubi wamanje kagesi. futhi kulokhu kushisa, umehluko phakathi kwe-oksijini yomoya kanye ne-oksijini epayipini lokukhipha umoya kuzobangela ukuthi kuvele amandla kagesi kuma-electrode enzwa, azodluliselwa kuyunithi yokulawula ye-elekthronikhi yenjini.

Njengoba ukuhlola inzwa ye-oxygen ezimweni eziningi kuhilela ukususa / ukufaka, kufanelekile ukucabangela ama-nuances alandelayo:

• Amadivayisi e-Lambda antekenteke kakhulu, ngakho-ke, lapho ehlola, akufanele abe ngaphansi kokucindezeleka komshini kanye / noma ukushaqeka.
• Intambo yenzwa kufanele iphathwe ngokunamathisela okushisayo okukhethekile. Kulokhu, udinga ukuqiniseka ukuthi ukunamathisela akungeni entweni yayo ebucayi, njengoba lokhu kuzoholela ekusebenzeni kwayo okungalungile.
• Lapho uqinisa, kufanele uqaphele inani le-torque, futhi usebenzise i-wrench torque ngale njongo.

Ukuhlola okunembile kwe-lambda probe

Indlela enembe kakhulu yokunquma ukuwohloka kwenzwa yokuhlushwa komoyampilo izovumela i-oscilloscope. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akudingekile ukusebenzisa idivayisi yobuchwepheshe, ungathatha i-oscillogram usebenzisa uhlelo lwe-simulator kwi-laptop noma enye igajethi.

Ishejuli yokusebenza kahle kwenzwa ye-oxygen

Isibalo sokuqala kulesi sigaba igrafu yokusebenza okulungile kwenzwa ye-oxygen. Kulokhu, isignali efana ne-sine wave eyisicaba isetshenziswa ocingweni lwesignali. I-sinusoid kuleli cala isho ukuthi ipharamitha elawulwa yinzwa (inani le-oksijini emagesi okukhipha umoya) ingaphakathi kwemingcele evumelekile, futhi imane ihlolwe njalo futhi ngezikhathi ezithile.

Igrafu esebenzayo yenzwa ye-oxygen engcoliswe kakhulu

Isheduli yokushiswa kwenzwa ye-oksijini

Ishadi Lokusebenza Kwenzwa Yomoya-mpilo Emxubeni Ocebile Wamafutha

Isheduli yokushiswa kwenzwa ye-oksijini

okulandelayo amagrafu ahambisana nenzwa engcoliswe kakhulu, ukusetshenziswa kwemoto ye-ICE yengxube ethambile, ingxube ecebile, nengxube ethambile. Imigqa ebushelelezi kumagrafu isho ukuthi ipharamitha elawulwayo yeqe imingcele evunyelwe ohlangothini olulodwa noma kwenye.

Uyilungisa kanjani inzwa ye-oxygen ephukile

Uma kamuva isheke libonisa ukuthi isizathu sise-wiring, khona-ke inkinga izoxazululwa ngokushintsha i-wiring harness noma i-chip yokuxhuma, kodwa uma kungekho sibonakaliso esivela ku-sensor ngokwayo, ngokuvamile kubonisa isidingo sokushintsha ukuhlushwa kwe-oxygen. inzwa entsha, kodwa ngaphambi kokuthenga i-lambda entsha, ungasebenzisa enye yezindlela ezilandelayo.

Indlela yokuqala

Kuhilela ukuhlanza into yokushisa kusuka kumadiphozithi ekhabhoni (isetshenziswa uma kukhona ukuwohloka kwesifudumezi senzwa ye-oxygen). Ukuze usebenzise le ndlela, kuyadingeka ukunikeza ukufinyelela engxenyeni ebucayi ye-ceramic yedivayisi, efihliwe ngemuva kwe-cap yokuzivikela. Ungasusa i-cap eshiwo usebenzisa ifayela elincanyana, odinga ukusika ngalo endaweni yesisekelo sezinzwa. Uma kungenakwenzeka ukudiliza i-cap ngokuphelele, khona-ke kuvunyelwe ukukhiqiza amafasitela amancane mayelana no-5 mm ngobukhulu. Ukuze uthole umsebenzi owengeziwe, udinga cishe i-100 ml ye-phosphoric acid noma isiguquli sokugqwala.

Lapho i-cap yokuzivikela ihlakazwe ngokuphelele, khona-ke ukuyibuyisela esihlalweni sayo, kuzodingeka usebenzise i-argon welding.

Inqubo yokubuyisela yenziwa ngokuya nge-algorithm elandelayo:

• Thela i-100 ml ye-phosphoric acid esitsheni seglasi.
• Gcoba i-ceramic element yenzwa ku-asidi. Akunakwenzeka ukwehlisa ngokuphelele inzwa ku-asidi! Ngemva kwalokho, linda cishe imizuzu engu-20 ukuze i-asidi ichithe insila.
• Khipha inzwa bese uyihlanza ngaphansi kwamanzi kampompi asebenzayo, bese uyeke yome.

Ngezinye izikhathi kuthatha amahora angu-XNUMX ukuhlanza inzwa usebenzisa le ndlela, ngoba uma i-soot ingahlanzwanga okokuqala, khona-ke kufanelekile ukuphinda inqubo izikhathi ezimbili noma ngaphezulu, futhi ungasebenzisa ibhulashi ukwenza machining ebusweni. Esikhundleni sebhulashi, ungasebenzisa isixubho.

Indlela yesibili

Icabanga ukushisa amadiphozithi ekhabhoni kunzwa. Ukuhlanza inzwa ye-oxygen ngendlela yesibili, ngaphezu kwe-phosphoric acid efanayo, uzodinga nomshini wokushisa igesi (njengenketho, sebenzisa isitofu segesi sasekhaya). I-algorithm yokuhlanza imi kanje:

• Gcoba ingxenye ye-ceramic ebucayi yenzwa ye-oxygen ku-asidi, uyimanzise kakhulu.
• Thatha inzwa ngamapulangwe ohlangothini oluphambene nesici futhi ulethe ku-burner ovuthayo.
• I-asidi esenzweni sokuzwa izobila, futhi usawoti oluhlaza uzokwakheka phezu kwayo. Nokho, ngesikhathi esifanayo, umule uzosuswa kuwo.

Phinda inqubo echazwe izikhathi eziningana kuze kube yilapho isici esibucayi sihlanzekile futhi sicwebezela.