ngaphansi kosongo lwempi. UWielkopolska BK ku-Operation Zaolzier
Ibhuloho elingokomfanekiso eliwela uMfula i-Olca e-Cieszyn - buka ohlangothini lwaseCzechoslovak.
Bekubalulekile futhi ukuthi abantu bendawo okukhulunywa ngayo babe baningi kakhulu futhi behlotshaniswa kakhulu neRiphabhulikhi yasePoland. Yonke indawo ephikisiwe, okwakuyinjongo yezimangalo zohlangothi lwasePoland, yayiyi-1085,2 km2, okuphindwe kane indawo yedolobha lanamuhla lasePoznań. Ngenxa yendawo yayo, i-Zaolsie yayicebile kokubili ngamadiphozithi ezinto zokusetshenziswa zamasu nasembonini yesimanje yezimayini neyensimbi. Ngemva kokubamba le nsimu, Poland wathola kweshumi nambili amabhizinisi ezimboni, kuhlanganise nenye yezitshalo ezinamandla kakhulu metallurgical eYurophu e Trzynec. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imizila yezitimela emibili ebaluleke kakhulu edlula e-Zaolzie: i-Zebrzydowice - i-Moravska Ostrava ne-Racibórz - i-Žilina enomngcele omkhulu wesitimela e-Bohumin e-Czech Republic.
Ukulungiselela
Izinhlelo zokuqala zokulwa nezikhali zazilungisiwe kusukela ngo-1935, kodwa inkinga yaseMunich kuphela eyadala isimo lapho, ngakolunye uhlangothi, savumela iPoland ukuthi ithathe izinyathelo eziqinile, futhi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, yabeka i-Polish Republic njengomhlanganyeli Wesithathu. Reich, ikakhulukazi emehlweni omphakathi wangaphandle. . Ngaphezu kwezingxoxo zamandla ezinkulu mayelana nezimangalo zikahulumeni waseJalimane, umdlalo wesibili, omncane wezobuzwe wadlalwa. Imicabango yokuqala engathi sína ngokuqala komsebenzi wokuvukela umbuso ngokumelene neCzechoslovakia yavela ngesikhathi okuthiwa yi-Volyn maneuvers (5 DP, 1 DK, 1 SBC kanye ne-10 motorized BC), cishe ngo-September 15-16. Kodwa-ke, lo mqondo wanwetshwa ngokushesha ekusebenzeni kwezempi okuphelele, kucatshangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwamayunithi atholakala esifundeni saseLutsk, ikakhulukazi i-10th Motorized Cavalry Brigade (ngemuva kwalokhu: 10 BK) kanye ne-21st Mountain Rifle Division (ngemuva kwalokhu: 21) DPG), uhlangothi lwasePoland olwalungalusebenzisa ngokushesha ngokumelene nomakhelwane walo, owayesesimeni esishubile sezokuxhumana.
Ngo-Okthoba 21, uPraga wathola isimemezelo esivela ePoland efuna kubuye uZaolzie. Lesi sihloko sathola ukwesekwa okunamandla okuvela emizweni ekhula kancane kancane ezweni. Mashi ngalolo suku. U-Rydz-Smigly ucabange ukuthi kungenzeka ukusebenzisa iButho LasePoland ezimpini ezivamile ezihleliwe, futhi amayunithi okuqala ebutho lamahhashi ahamba ngezimoto ayesevele ethula emigwaqweni yesitimela ohlangothini lwasePoland lwe-Olza. Ngemva kosuku, kwakhishwa umyalo osemthethweni wokuhlela i-Independent Operational Group "Slensk" (ngemuva kwalokhu: SGO "Slensk"), futhi isikhathi sokusebenza sonyaka ophezulu wenkonzo esebenzayo sandiswa, futhi ekupheleni kukaSeptemba kufanele ishintshele empilweni yabantu. U-Inspector General of the Armed Forces owayethenjwa kakhulu, uGeneral Vladislav Bortnovsky, owayesebenze njengojenene womsebenzi e-GISZ kusukela ngo-1935, waqokwa ukuba abe umkhuzi wesakhiwo esikhethekile sokusebenza.
Umphumela wezinqumo ezethulwe ngenhla wawuwukuthi - kakade phakathi no-September 1938 - izikhulu ze-Wielkopolska BK ezimiswe e-Poznań namaphethelo, kanye ne-7th Cavalry Artillery Squadron engaphansi kwayo (ngemuva kwalokhu ebizwa ngokuthi i-DAK yesi-7) uqaphile . Njengoba isimo sithuthuka, ngaphansi kwezaba lokuzivocavoca, kwabizwa amareservists, efuna ukugcwalisa izifunda ezinokuthula ezilahlekile, ikakhulukazi amasosha onyaka odlule. Kunzima ukuthola okungahleliwe kule nqubo. Esimeni sangaleso sikhathi se-geopolitical, wonke amayunithi eqembu lasemngceleni afakwa uqaphile. Iningi lalabo ababizwa nge-"Green Group" bakha i-BC kanye ne-horse-artillery (dak) squadrons exhunywe kubo, okwathi, ngokombono wethiyori kanye nokugqugquzela, kwakufanele bathathe ngokushesha ama-reservists ahlala endaweni eseduze. amakamu.
Izenzo ezithathwe kungazelelwe e-Wielkopolska, kude ne-Cieszyn Silesia, zazihlobene ngokuqondile nohlelo lokusebenzisa amayunithi e-Wielkopolska Cavalry Brigade (ngemuva kwalokhu: VKK) njengengxenye ye-Śląsk SGO, okuhloswe ngayo ukubamba i-Zaolz. Kusuka emibhalweni nemibiko, siyazi ukuthi, ngokwesibonelo, i-DAK yesi-7 e-Poznan ikhiphe ibhethri elihlangene nezinto zokulawula, ezobuhlakani nezokuxhumana, seziphelele: izikhulu ezi-5, izikhulu ezingagunyaziwe eziyi-18, izizimele eziyi-158, amahhashi angama-183 nezibhamu ezi-4. . Umkhuzi webhethri kakade wayengumkhuzi we-dion, uLieutenant Colonel Ludwik Savitsky, futhi umphathi wakhe wayengumcimi-mlilo. Franciszek Piasecki.
Isizathu sokukhipha ibhethri elilodwa kuphela sihlobene nesikhathi sokulungiselela ukusebenza kokuthola kabusha. Engxenyeni yesibili kaSeptemba nasekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba, amabutho amahhashi akhulula abadala ukuba babe yizakhamuzi, futhi abasha ababuthiwe bawela emigomeni nasemigodini. Ukwazi isizinda senqubo yonke yaseRussia esikhundleni seminyaka yenkonzo yezempi e-BC, umuntu angaqonda ukuthi kungani i-DAK yesi-7 ayizange ifake ama-platoons adingekayo ezinhlamvu. Lawa mayunithi awakaze afinyelele ku-Zaolzye, okwakubangelwa futhi isimo esingagculisi samahhashi kuyunithi, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukwakha okwesikhashana amabhethri angaphelele amabili kuphela.
Lesi simo sashiwo nguColonel Leon Boguslavsky, ebhala embikweni wakhe mayelana nezikhali ze-Slyonsk SGO: ukuqasha umkhumbi-ngwenya. Lobu bunzima buncishiswe kancane kuphela ngokunikezwa kwamaloli ayi-7 anikezwe ukuphuma esitokisini sebutho lesithathu. Izinhlamvu zezinhlamvu ngesikhathi kanye nazo zonke izinto ezidingekayo zathathwa amayunithi e-VBC kancane kuphela ezindaweni zokugcina izimpahla ezisendaweni yamasosha, kwase kuthi, ngokwemibandela yokuhlinzeka, idluliselwe emnyangweni ofanele we-V Corps District Command (ngemuva kwalokhu. : OK). Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi amasosha athola uxhaso olugcwele lwezibhamu ezilwa nethangi nezinhlamvu, izimayini ezilwa namathangi zezinhlobo ezimbili (3 pc) kanye "nezimayini zegesi".
Kuleli qophelo, kufanelekile ukubuza ukuthi kungani enye ye-BCs esempumalanga, noma okungenani i-Krakow BC eseduze nenkundla yemidlalo yesikhathi esizayo, eyayiyi-analogue ye-Poznan 5-battery 10 tsap, ayizange ibelwe ukubamba iqhaza ku-Zaolzhie. ukusebenza. Impendulo yalo mbuzo ilula, kodwa idinga umbono obanzi kakhulu ngesimo se-geopolitical kanye nezempi ngaleso sikhathi. Ukuvela kwesihloko se-Zaolzier yesikhathi esizayo esikhaleni esiphakathi nendawo kubangele ukusabela okungaqondakali okuvela kubahlanganyeli abanentshisekelo enkulu emdlalweni we-interstate ezinsukwini eziyishumi zokuqala zikaSepthemba. Omunye wabo, oshiywe ngokuzithandela ngemuva kwezenzakalo, kwakuyiSoviet Union (ngemuva kwalokhu: i-USSR), eboshwe ngokubambisana neCzechoslovakia. Imibiko yokugcwala kwamasosha eRed Army ohlangothini olusempumalanga yomngcele weSecond Polish Republic yaqala ukufika eWarsaw cishe ngoSepthemba 23, ngaphambi kwanoma yikuphi ukunyakaza kwasePoland. Izinga lemizamo yezempi ye-USSR yabonisa ukulungiswa kwesenzo se-supra-local. Ngokukhanya kocwaningo lwanamuhla, kulinganiselwa ukuthi inani elikhulu lamasosha agxile emngceleni osentshonalanga ye-USSR abekwe uqaphile phakathi kukaSepthemba 25 no-1938 XNUMX. eyabonisa izinhloso eziphikisana nentando yosizo "lwabambisene" eCzechoslovakia. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesikhathi esifanayo, iSoviet Union yamelana ngokusemthethweni nesenzo sezempi sasePoland esasivele silungiselelwe obala ngokumelene neCzechoslovakia. Uma kubhekwa ibhalansi ekhulayo yamandla, kwakungenakwenzeka ukuhlukanisa ngisho nama-Great Formations ambalwa (Amasosha), ikakhulukazi amahhashi, kusukela empumalanga ye-PKD. Ukugxila okuyinhloko kwezingxenye "zeqembu eliluhlaza", i.e. BC, wayejabulele ukubuka izenzo zomakhelwane wasempumalanga ongabikezeleki ngokuphelele. Esimweni esinjalo, i-DOK VII (i-Poznań) ne-DOK VIII (i-Torun) babonakala beyingxenye encane kakhulu.
