Kungani injini ye-turbo ingasebenzi?

Ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba, izimoto azivunyelwe ukuma endaweni efanayo nenjini egijima. Ngaphandle kwalokho, umshayeli uzohlawuliswa. Kodwa-ke, lesi akusona ukuphela kwesizathu sokuthi kudingekile ukukhipha isikhathi sokuphumula eside ngenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi esebenzayo.

Cabanga ngezizathu ezi-3 zokuthi kungani iseluleko sokuthi injini ene-turbocharged kufanele isebenze ngemuva kohambo asisasebenzi.

Izinjini ezindala nezintsha ze-turbocharged

Okokuqala, sikhuluma ngezici zezinjini zomlilo zangaphakathi zanamuhla ezi-turbocharged. Izinsizakusebenza zabo zikhawulelwe, futhi kuleli cala asikhulumi ngokufundwa kwamamayela kuphela, kodwa futhi nangenani lamahora lapho injini ibisebenza khona (ungafunda ngamahora wenjini lapha).

Amayunithi amaningi esizukulwane esidala asetshenzisiwe adinga ukupholisa kwe-turbine ebushelelezi. Okucacile kwe-turbine ukuthi ngesikhathi sokusebenza kushisa kuze kufike emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kwama-800 degrees.

Inkinga yayiwukuthi ngemuva kokumisa imoto ngale ndlela, i-lubricant yasha, ngenxa yalokho kwenziwa i-coke. Ngemuva kokuqala okulandelayo kwe-injini, izinhlayiya ezincane zaphenduka zaba ulaka, zabhubhisa izakhi ze-turbine. Njengomphumela - izimangalo eziphikisana nomkhiqizi nokulungiswa kwewaranti kwalomshini.

Ngokungenzi lutho, i-supercharger yapholiswa ekushiseni okuphezulu (cishe ama-degree ayi-100). Ngenxa yalokhu, igrisi ezindaweni oxhumana nazo ayilahlekelwanga yimpahla yayo.

Amayunithi anamuhla awanazo izinkinga ezinjalo. Abakhiqizi bezimoto bakhuphule ukugeleza kukawoyela ezingxenyeni ezihambayo zenjini ephendukezela ukupholisa. Noma ngabe, ngemuva kokuma endaweni eshisayo, uwoyela uphenduka ube ulaka, ngemuva kokuqala uwoyela uwususa kusihlungi ngokushesha.

2 Lubrication yenjini kanye nokushisa kweVTS

Ngezivinini zenjini ephansi, umfutho kawoyela uyancipha, okusho ukuthi ijikeleza kakhulu. Uma iyunithi isebenza kule modi imizuzu eyi-10-15, inani elilinganiselwe lenhlanganisela kaphethiloli womoya lingena emagumbini esilinda. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nayo ayikwazi ukusha ngokuphelele, okwandisa kakhulu umthwalo enjini.

Kungaba nenkinga efanayo lapho imoto isiminyaminya esikhulu. Kulokhu, umshayeli angaze ezwe nephunga likaphethiloli ongashiswanga. Lokhu kungaholela ekushiseni kwe-catalyst.

3 Cwilisa emakhandleleni

Enye inkinga ezimweni ezinjalo ukwakheka kwe-soot emakhandlelani. I-soot ithinta kabi umsebenzi wabo, inciphisa ukusebenza kwesistimu yokuthungela. Ngokunjalo, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kuyanda, namandla ayancipha. Okuyingozi kakhulu kuyunithi umthwalo wenjini engashisi. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ebusika lapho kubanda ngaphandle.

Amathiphu wokusebenzisa injini yomlilo yangaphakathi ngemuva kohambo

Imvamisa ku-Intanethi ungathola imininingwane yokuthi ngemuva kohambo injini kufanele isebenze kancane. Enye incazelo ukuthi ngemuva kokuthi injini icishiwe, iphampu yamanzi iyeka ukudonsa okupholisa. Ngenxa yalokho, imoto ishisa ngokweqile.

Ukugwema lobu bunzima, ochwepheshe bayeluleka ukuthi bangacimi injini ngemuva kohambo, kepha bayivumele isebenze eminye imizuzu engu-1-2.

Kususwe isincomo esinjalo

Noma kunjalo, le ndlela inomphumela ohlangothini. Umoya opholile ushayelwa ku-radiator lapho imoto ishayela, okunikeza ukupholisa kwe-antifreeze ohlelweni lokupholisa. Emotweni emile, le nqubo ayenzeki, ngakho-ke zonke izimoto zifakwe umshini ophephetha umoya kushintsha ukushisa.

Kulokhu, imoto ibuye ishise ngokweqile ngenxa yokungapholi ngokwanele (njengokungathi imoto isiminyaminya sezimoto).

Kungcono kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imoto ima kahle. Ukwenza lokhu, shayela ngomthwalo omncane wenjini phakathi nemizuzu engu-5 yokugcina yohambo. Ngakho-ke kuzoshisa kancane ngemuva kokuma.

Isimiso esifanayo siyasebenza ekusebenzeni kwemoto ebandayo. Esikhundleni sokuma nokufudumeza injini yomlilo yangaphakathi imizuzu eyi-10, kwanele ukuyivumela ukuthi isebenze imizuzu engu-2-3. Ngemuva kwalokho, emizuzwini yokuqala eyi-10, kufanele ushayela ngemodi elinganisiwe, ngaphandle kokuletha ijubane liphezulu.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Ivula nini i-turbo emotweni? I-impeller iqala ukujikeleza ngokushesha ngemva kokuqala kwe-motor (i-exhaust gas flows namanje idlula egobolondweni). Kodwa umphumela we-turbine utholakala kuphela ngesivinini esithile (ukugeleza kuyathuthukiswa).

Ungahlola kanjani ukuthi i-turbine iyasebenza noma ayisebenzi? Uma imoto ijwayele ukuthola "umoya wesibili" ngesivinini esithile, kodwa manje ayifuni, udinga ukuhlola i-turbine. Ama-RPM aphezulu lapho i-boost kick in idla uwoyela omningi.

Yini engalungile nge-turbine? Ukusebenza isikhathi eside kwenjini ngesivinini esikhulu, uwoyela ushintsha ngokungafanele, isivinini esikhulu enjinini ebandayo (ungalivuli igesi uma uqala injini ngemuva kokungenzi lutho isikhathi eside).

Kungani injini ye-diesel ihluleka? I-impeller ingcolile kusuka kuphethiloli oshisiwe wekhwalithi embi, i-turbine ishisa kakhulu ngenxa yokusebenza njalo ngesivinini esiphezulu, ngenxa yendlala yamafutha (ngemuva kokuqala, injini ifakwa ngokushesha umthwalo osindayo).