Kungani kukhona ukudlidliza emotweni ngesivinini
Okuqukethwe
Ukudlidliza emotweni ngenkathi ushayela kubonisa ukungalingani indawo eyodwa noma ngaphezulu. Isizathu esivame kakhulu sokuzamazama emotweni ngenkathi ushayela amasondo, ukumiswa noma izingxenye zokuqondisa, kodwa izinkinga eziqondile azikhishwa ngaphandle.
Kulesi sihloko, sizohlaziya ukuthi kungani imoto idlidliza ku-40, 60, 80 no-100 km / h lapho ushayela, lapho ijubane, i-braking kanye ne-corning, futhi sizokutshela indlela yokubona ukuphuka okuthile.
Izimbangela zokudlidliza komzimba emotweni
Ukudlidliza lapho ushayela emgwaqeni oyisicaba kuvame ukuvela ngenxa yokuguga okubucayi kwezingxenye, ukwephulwa kwejometri yabo, izinsimbi ezikhululekile nezigugile. Izimo ezivame kakhulu kanye nokuhlukana kwazo okuhambisanayo kukhonjisiwe kuthebula elingezansi.
| Isimo | Izimbangela okungenzeka kakhulu | |
|---|---|---|
| imoto iyandindizela lapho ishesha kanzima |
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| imoto iyazamazama uma ibhuleka kanzima |
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| imoto idlidliza ngesivinini 40-60 km / h |
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| Ukudlidliza emotweni ngesivinini esingama-60-80 km / h | Konke okungenhla, kanye:
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| imoto inyakaza ngesivinini esingaphezu kuka-100 km/h | Все из двух предыдущих пунктов, и также: Нарушение аэродинамики авто (повреждены элементы кузова или установлены нештатные). | |
| imoto inyakaza ngesivinini ngokuphenduka | Ukudlidliza lapho uphendula isondo lokuqondisa, elihambisana nokushoshozela | Ukugqoka okuhlangene kwe-CV. |
| Kanye nokungqongqoza | Ukugqokwa kwezinto zokuqondisa (iziphetho zenduku yamasondo, indawo yokubeka isiteringi) namabheringi amabhola. | |
Ukungalingani, okubangela ukudlidliza kanye nemisindo engaphandle, kungaholela ekwandeni kwengcindezi ezingxenyeni zokukhwelana. Isibonelo, uma ungalinganisi amasondo ngokushesha amathayi agugile, kanye nezakhi zokumiswa. Ukudlidliza nakho kuthinta ukuphepha kokushayela - umshayeli ukhathala ngokushesha, kuba nzima kakhulu kuye gcina imoto emgwaqeni.
Indlela yokunquma imbangela yokudlidliza kwemoto
Indlela yokunquma imbangela yokudlidliza: ividiyo
Njengoba ukungasebenzi kahle okuningi kuzibonakalisa ngesivinini esibanzi, ukuxilongwa okuphelele kuphela kwama-node, ukugqoka okubangela ukudlidliza, kuzovumela ukukhomba imbangela ethile. Kulokhu, udinga ukunaka izimpawu ezengeziwe - imisindo engaphandle. Eminye imiyalelo izokusiza ukuthi uthole i-node enephutha ngokwakho.
Ngaphambi kokubheka ukuthi yini edala ukudlidliza emotweni ngesivinini, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi ayikho emotweni emile enenjini egijimayo futhi efudunyezwe izinga lokushisa lokusebenza. Uma ukudlidliza kuvela emotweni emile, ungakwazi ngokuphepha azibandakanyi izingxenye zesistimu yokumiswa kanye namabhuleki. Isizathu sokuzamazama kwemoto emile ngokuvamile ukuguga kwe-ICE kathathu noma okuphawulekayo kwezisekelo zayo, kanye nezakhi zesistimu yokukhipha umoya.
Ukudlidliza ngenkathi ushayela ku-40–80 km/h
Ngokuvamile umshini udlidliza kancane ngesivinini esiphansi. Ukudlidliza kuzwakala esiteringini noma emzimbeni, kuyaqina lapho ubhuleka, ugijima, ujikisa isiteringi, noma emigwaqweni emibi.
Ukuntuleka kokugcoba emalungeni ebhola kubonakala ngokuklama nokudlidliza
Ukwephulwa kokuzinza kokuqondisa kanye nokudlidliza okushiwo kwesondo lokuqondisa ngesikhathi sokunyakaza kwe-rectilinear - isici uphawu lokungalingani kwesondo. Okokuqala, hlola ingcindezi yesondo, qiniseka ukuthi ama-bolts / amantongomane esondo aqinisiwe, akukho monakalo obonakalayo kumarimu namathayi, ukunamathela kweqhwa, ukungcola, amatshe ekunyatheleni. Uma ukudlidliza kuvele ngemva koshintsho lwesizini lwamasondo noma ukushayela emigwaqweni engalingani, kufanelekile ukulinganisa amasondo. Ukuvimbela le nqubo efiselekayo ukwenza noma yisiphi isizini.
Ukudlidliza kwesondo lokuqondisa ngesivinini esingama-40-80 km / h nakho kungabonisa ukuguga emikhawulweni yenduku yokubopha, amalunga okuqondisa. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kuhambisana ngaphezu kwalokho umsindo ongqongqozayo lapho uhamba phezu kwamaqhubu и ukudlala kwesondo lokushayela. ukuphuka kwamathiphu kutholwa ngokunyakazisa isondo elilengayo - ngengxenye esebenzayo, akukho ukudlala. Ukuba khona kwayo kungase futhi kube uphawu lokugqoka ngokuhlanganyela kwebhola. Kodwa ngesheke elinemininingwane, ungakwazi ukuhlukanisa ukuhlukana okukodwa kokunye.
Uma ama-lever angaphambili esegugile, i-controllability iyancipha, ama-vibrations avela esiteringini, ukukhala uma ushayela ngamabhampa. Ukuze uhlole, jikijela imoto, hlola amabhulokhi athule ngokuqhekeka kwezihlahla zenjoloba, sebenzisa i-mount ukushintsha i-lever eduze kwe-eksisi yebhlokhi ehloliwe ethule. Uma i-lever ihamba kalula, i-block ethule noma yonke i-lever kufanele ishintshwe - kuye ngokuthi umklamo.
Ukudlidliza ngesivinini esingu-70 km/h ngenxa yokungalingani kwe-cardan: ividiyo
Ezimotweni ezinamasondo wonke, umthombo wokudlidliza ngesivinini esingama-40-80 km / h ungaba lelifindo. Izizathu eziyinhloko zokubonakala kokudlidliza: i-backlash / ukugqoka kwesiphambano, ama-bearings asekela, ukwephulwa kwejometri yamapayipi, ukuhlanganiswa okungalungile kwe-cardan ngesikhathi sokufakwa emotweni (ukungalingani). Ukuze uhlole imoto ukuze uthole imbobo yokubuka, hlola umhlangano wenqola ukuze uthole ukukhubazeka, izimpawu zokubola. Bamba i-flange ngesandla esisodwa, enye nge-cardan shaft bese uvula izingxenye ngezindlela ezahlukene. Uma kungabikho ama-backlashes kanye nokungqongqoza, i-crosspiece iyasebenza. Ukwehluleka ukuthwala kubonisa ukuhlehla kanye nemisindo engaphandle lapho uphendula i-cardan.
Imbangela yokudlidliza kungase futhi kube ukwehluleka kokuthwala isondo, okuvame ukuhambisana nokuduma okukhuphuka ngesivinini esikhulayo nokudlidliza kwesiteringi.
Ezimotweni ezinokudlulisa okuzenzakalelayo, ukudlidliza kungase kubangelwe isiguquli setorque esihlulekile. Kulokhu, ukwanda kokudlidliza kuzokwenzeka ngesikhathi sokusheshisa, ngesivinini esingama-60 noma ngaphansi kuka-20 km ngehora, futhi kuzozwakala kakhulu ngesikhathi sokushintsha kwamagiya, kanye nalapho ushayela ukhuphuka kanye neminye imithwalo ebalulekile.
Ukudlidliza okuncane emzimbeni wemoto ngesivinini esiphansi kungabangelwa ukuqiniswa okungathembeki noma ukwephulwa kobuqotho bokukhipha umoya. Ukuze uyihlole, shayela imoto emgodini wokuhlola, hlola i-exhaust ukuze uthole umonakalo owenziwe yimishini. Hlola ama-clamps nezinsimbi. Imvamisa, ama-dampers aguga, ngosizo lapho uhlelo lokukhipha umoya lunamathele emzimbeni.
Ukudlidliza ngesivinini esikhulu (ngaphezu kuka-100 km/h)
Ukubonakaliswa vibrations kuphela ngesivinini 100 km / h noma ngaphezulu ngokuvamile kubonisa ukwephulwa aerodynamics yemoto. Isizathu salokhu kungase kufakwe iziqu, ama-deflectors, ama-bumpers angajwayelekile, ama-spoilers nezinye izakhi zekhithi yomzimba. futhi ngesivinini esikhulu, ukungalingani kancane kwamasondo kubonakala ngenxa ama-discs asontekile noma amathayi alimele. Ngakho-ke, okokuqala, udinga ukuhlola ibhalansi nesimo sokunyathela.
Ukudlidliza lapho ushesha futhi uphenduka
Izimbangela zokudlidliza ngesikhathi sokusheshisa: ividiyo
Iningi lezinkinga ezibangela ukudlidliza ngesikhathi sokuthuthuka kokusheshisa futhi ziphawuleka kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukuxilongwa Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bekuyini, kufanele uqale ngemisebenzi yangaphambilini. Uma izimpawu zivela kuphela lapho usheshisa noma uguqula isondo lokuqondisa, qaphela ngokukhethekile amaphuzu alandelayo.
Ukudlidliza lapho uphakamisa isivinini lapho uphakamisa isivinini nalapho uphendula amasondo, kuhlangene nokuzamazama okungekho noma okubonakala buthaka ngesikhathi sokunyakaza kwe-rectilinear, kuwuphawu lwesici sokugqoka ngokuhlanganyela kwe-CV. I-crunch kanye ne-creaking emakhoneni ibonisa ukwehluleka kwangaphandle. I-tripod yangaphakathi ine-crunch ehlukile kanye ne-squeak uma ijubane futhi ushayela ngesivinini esiphezulu emigwaqweni emibi.
Uma uphakamisa isivinini umshini uyavevezela noma ngabe kugqokwe amabheringi enjini no-gearbox. Ukudlidliza okuncane kuzwakala ngisho imoto imile, kodwa abonakala kakhulu uma ijubane. ngenxa yokwanda kokungalingani. Ukuze uthole isheke elinemininingwane yezisekelo, udinga ukulungisa injini yomlilo yangaphakathi nge-jack noma i-prop futhi, ngemva kokuyikhipha emicamelweni, hlola yokugcina. Imihlangano ibhekwa njengokugqoka uma ineminonjana ye-rubber delamination kusukela engxenyeni yensimbi yokusekela, i-delamination ye-rubber layer, imifantu.
Ikesi elikhethekile ukudlidliza lapho ushintsha amagiya. Ngokuvamile kuvela lapho kugqokwa amakhushini enjini nokuthukulula izinsimbi zabo. Uma izisekelo zihlelekile, cishe kukhona ukukhubazeka ku-clutch kanye ne-gearbox, engabonakala ngokuthembekile kuphela ngesikhathi sokuhlukaniswa.
Ukudlidliza lapho ubhuleka
Ukushaya nokudlidliza ngesikhathi sokubhuleka, indlela yokuqeda: ividiyo
Ukudlidliza kwemoto ngesikhathi sokubhuleka kuvame ukuzwakala esiteringini nakwi-brake pedal. Izizathu okungenzeka kakhulu zalesi simo yilezi ukuguga noma ukuguga okungalingani kwama-brake pads nama-disc, ukuminyana kwamasilinda noma iziqondiso ze-caliper.
Ukuze uhlole isimo se-brake mechanism, udinga ukuphuma futhi ukhiphe isondo, bese uhlola ngokubukeka izindawo zokusebenza futhi uhlole ubukhulu obusele bama-pads, ama-discs nezigubhu, ukuhamba kwepiston kanye nesimo sabaqondisi. Uma i-brake mechanism ihlelekile, udinga ukuxilonga i-hydraulic brake system bese uyimpompa.
