Izinzuzo nezingozi zokumiswa komoya wemoto
Okuqukethwe
Indima yezinto ezinwebekayo yenziwa ngamasilinda womoya enziwe ngerabha eminyene. Abekwa isondo ngalinye. Ukuma kwamasilinda kufana "namaphilisi", ahlanganisa izigaba eziningana. Umsebenzi oyinhloko walezi zakhi ukugcina imoto isendaweni efanele ngaphezu komgwaqo.
Ukumiswa komoya kwemoto kuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokunethezeka ngenkathi ushayela. Ngokusebenza kahle, ihlala isikhathi eside futhi inxephezela ngokugcwele izindleko. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokumiswa komoya ngokohlobo lwesakhiwo nezici zokulawula.
Yini "i-pneumatics"
Ukusebenza kwesistimu ye-pneumatic ezimotweni kusekelwe ezintweni ezibonakalayo zomoya ocindezelwe. Embonini yezimoto, lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukwandisa ukuphepha nokunethezeka, kanye nokuhlinzeka ngemishini eyengeziwe.
Lesi simiso sisetshenziswa kabanzi ezinhlelweni zokumiswa, amabhuleki kanye ne-clutch.
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko ze-"pneumatics":
- Ubulula bobuchwepheshe bamayunithi kanye nomgomo wohlelo.
- Azikho izinto ezikhethekile ezidingekayo ekusebenzeni - umoya womkhathi "wenza" yonke imisebenzi.
- Inzuzo yezomnotho yokufaka.
- Ukuphepha.
Ukumiswa kwe-pneumatic kwezokuthutha akuvamile kunama-hydraulic. Afakwa kakhulu emalolini ezentengiselwano nasezimotweni ze-premium.
Izinhlobo zokumiswa komoya
Ukumiswa komoya kwemoto kuyizinhlobo ezintathu - i-single-circuit, i-double-circuit kanye ne-XNUMX-circuit.
Uhlobo lokuqala lwe-suspension lufakwa ngaphambili noma ngemuva kwe-asi yemoto. Ifaneleka kakhulu amaveni namaloli. Ukuphakama kwesihlalo kanye nokunwebeka kokumiswa kungalungiswa. Amanye amasistimu eza nesamukeli esakhelwe ngaphakathi. Umoya ungena kumasilinda kuze kube yilapho izinga lokucindezela elifunekayo lifinyelelwa. Uma kungekho umamukeli ekumisweni komoya, umoya ovela ku-compressor uya ngqo ezintweni zomoya. Unganciphisa izinga lokucindezela nge-valve.
Izinhlobo zokumiswa komoya
Amasistimu e-Dual-circuit afakwe kuma-ekseli angu-1 noma angu-2. Ama-pluses afaka:
- umthamo omkhulu womthwalo;
- ukunciphisa ingozi yokuwa ohlangothini lwakho lapho ushayela ngokujika okubukhali;
- ngisho nokusatshalaliswa kwesisindo somshini.
Ngaphezu kwama-jeeps namaloli, uhlobo olufanayo lokumiswa lufakwa lapho kulungiswa izimoto ze-VAZ.
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokumisa umoya ithathwa njengeyiziyingi ezine. Ifakwe kuwo womabili ama-ekseli omshini futhi kufanele ibe nomamukeli. Kusetshenziswa ukulawulwa kwezinga lomfutho we-elekthronikhi.
Izinzuzo zokumiswa kwe-4-loop:
- lula ukushintsha indawo yokuhlanzeka;
- ukulungiswa kwengcindezi kuye ngendawo yomgwaqo.
Ububi balolu hlobo ubukhulu bemishini.
Indlela ukumiswa komoya okusebenza ngayo
Idivayisi yokumisa umoya ilula. Umshini uqukethe izingxenye ezimbalwa ezibalulekile:
- I-Pneumopillows (izakhi ze-elastic).
- Umamukeli.
- I-Compressor.
- Uhlelo lokulawula.
I-compressor igcwalisa amasilinda womoya ngomoya ocindezelweyo. Ngokulandelayo, le node iqukethe izingxenye eziningana:
- motor kagesi;
- ama-valve e-electromagnetic - asabalalisa igesi ecindezelwe eduze kwesekethe;
- umshini wokomisa umoya.
Kuye ngenani lama-valve ekumisweni komoya, i-compressor ifaka izinto ezinwebekayo ngayinye ngayinye noma ngamabili. Umoya awufiki lapho ngokuqondile, kodwa ngomamukeli. Le ngxenye ibukeka njengethangi lensimbi elinomthamo wamalitha ama-3 kuya kwayi-10. Umoya umpontshelwa lapha, bese ungena kumasilinda ngamavalvu e-solenoid. Umsebenzi oyinhloko womamukeli ukulungisa ingcindezi ekumisweni ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-compressor.
Ukusebenza kokumiswa komoya kulawulwa uhlelo lokulawula olunezinzwa eziningana:
- ukusheshisa imoto;
- ingcindezi ohlelweni lwe-pneumatic;
- izinga lokushisa lephampu;
- indawo yemoto ngaphezu komgwaqo.
Idatha evela kuzinzwa icutshungulwa yiyunithi yokulawula futhi idlulisele amasignali ezigungwini eziphezulu zesistimu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ama-compressor relay nama-valve okulawula ukucindezela.
Izindlela zokumiswa komoya ezenziwa ngesandla nezizenzakalelayo
Ukuphakama kokugibela kungalawulwa ngesandla noma ngokuzenzakalelayo. Esimweni sokuqala, imvume ilawulwa uhlelo lokulawula i-elekthronikhi. Okwesibili, umshayeli usetha imvume ngesandla.
Izindlela zokumiswa komoya ezenziwa ngesandla nezizenzakalelayo
Imodi yokulawula ezenzakalelayo yakhelwe ukulawula:
- ukususwa komhlaba;
- isivinini semoto;
- ukusheshisa imoto ngenkathi ushayela;
- izinga lokuthambekela lapho ushayela ukhuphuka noma wehla;
- izinga le-roll ekuphendukeni okubukhali;
- ukuqina kokumiswa.
Ukusebenza kwesistimu ye-othomathikhi kuthinteka ngokuqondile isivinini sokushayela. Uma imoto ihamba ngokushesha, imvume yomhlabathi iyancipha, ngenkathi inciphisa, iyanda.
Ukulawula okwenziwa ngesandla kukuvumela ukuthi ushintshe ukuqina kokumiswa kanye nemvume.
Izinzuzo kanye nokubi kokumiswa komoya
I-air suspension yemoto iya ngokuya iduma. Manje azifakiwe kuphela emalolini anzima, kodwa nasezimotweni ze-premium. Izinzuzo zesistimu zihlanganisa:
- Ibanga elikhulu lokulungiswa kokucaciswa kanye ne-patency yemoto ethuthukisiwe.
- Ukusekela imvume yomhlaba, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umthwalo emotweni.
- I-Minimal roll yemoto emajikeni abukhali.
- Ukuphatha kahle ezingxenyeni ezinzima zomgwaqo.
- Ukwehliswa kokugqoka eziphethwini ezidonsa ukushaqeka.
Kukhona futhi nezinkinga ezimbalwa. Ukumiswa komoya kufanele kuhlanzwe njalo ukugwema ukulimala ezingxenyeni eziyinhloko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-cushions enjoloba angavuza umoya futhi adabuke. Kwabanye abanikazi, ukonakala okukhulu ukunakekela okumba eqolo.
