PAK FA ephukile HAL FGFA
Ngalesi sikhathi, ngasebenza ngokuzikhandla ngangokunokwenzeka kumodeli we-prototype yakamuva ye-fighter yesizukulwane sesihlanu, okungukuthi, i-Russian Su-50. Imodeli yesikali engu-1:72, entsha sha njengeyokuqala, yakhiqizwa inkampani yeZvezda ezinyangeni ezingu-10 ngemva kokundiza kokuqala kwe-prototype futhi yenziwa ngaphansi kwelayisensi, ngakho-ke, mhlawumbe futhi idatha ye-Sukhodya design Bureau. Ngokushesha nganquma ukuthi ngizofaka izinto ezishisayo ukuze ngikhulule ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ... kodwa kwavela njengokujwayelekile, okuyinto engavamile. Okokuqala ngandiza, angazi ukuthi kungani, ngaya eNdiya, ngabe senginamathisela intambo yomlando kanye nomthamo omkhulu wenganekwane yesayensi? mhlawumbe kungcono ukubhala mayelana nezindiza ezineminyaka okungenani engu-60 ubudala, ngoba kulowo mbono umlando ubonakala uzinzile kunezintambo zesimanje ezingacacile. UBuddha Omamatheka kudala, cishe ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-70s, ngabona idokhumentari ekhuluma ngohlelo lwasemkhathini waseNdiya. Abamele i-ISRO (Indian Space Research Organization) bazishaya isifuba ngokuthi i-India ukuphela kwezwe emhlabeni lapho ucwaningo lwasemkhathini lunokuthula kuphela. Ngaleso sikhathi ngangiyinsizwa, nginombono wezwe futhi ngingenalwazi, ngakho ngagwinya lolu lwazi ngaphandle kokuqonda okuningi. Ekuziphenduleleni, ngifuna ukwengeza ukuthi i-inthanethi ne-Wikipedia bezingakatholakali, futhi ulwazi lwemvelo okusolwa ukuthi lufanelekile lobuchwepheshe lwalungenandaba nepolitiki futhi lungaphansi kokuhlolwa nokuphathwa kabi, njenganoma iyiphi enye. I-India yayingumthengisi wezikhali ovela e-USSR futhi engumngane obalulekile ekulweni ne-imperialism yase-US, ngakho-ke bekufanele kube yiqhawe elihle, kodwa kwathi ngo-December 1981 wafika futhi izinto zabonakala kancane kancane. Eminyakeni eyishumi kamuva, izwe lolwazi olusha lafika ekhanda lami, futhi phakathi naleso sikhathi, uGandhi (1982) wavela kumabhayisikobho wethu, okwaqinisa kuphela umbono “we-India enhle kuphela” kimi.
Gandhi - Ukunqoba kwakhe kwashintsha umhlaba unomphela
Kwadlula isikhathi, futhi ngase ngazi ukuthi yonke into yayingelula kangako, kodwa ngisakhumbula umbono wokuthi isithombe somfundi wami engimthandayo kaMahatma Gandhi, uNdunankulu wokuqala waseNdiya ezimele, uJawaharlal Nehru, senziwe kimi, ehlezi endaweni. Ikhabethe le-KV-24 Marut, iqhawe lokuqala laseNdiya elinamandla amakhulu. Njengoba u-Kurt Tank, umklami womshini kakade owaziwa kubafundi be-JPTZ, echaza, indiza yayiyi-fighter ye-twin-injini yokuhlasela, kodwa, njenge-English Blackburn Buccaneer, ingasetshenziswa njengesithwali sebhomu le-athomu laseNdiya. Ukwakhiwa kwe-India kwezikhali zayo zenuzi kanye nokuqhunyiswa kokuqala kwenkokhiso ebizwa ngokuthi "Smiling Buddha" ngo-1974 kwaba yizizathu ezisheshayo ezenza izwe lenqatshelwe ukuthola ubuchwepheshe besimanje bezempi, okuhlanganisa nezinjini zejethi, futhi uMarut akazange akhombise ukuthi ngenzani. iqiniso.
Kungani kunesiphithiphithi? Umfundi kaGandhi uba undunankulu wezwe elikhulu okumele libe nebutho elihlomile elilungele ukulwa, umklami wezindiza ovelele waseJalimane owakha, phakathi kwezinye izinto, i-Focke-Wulf 190, ufuna umsebenzi emhlabeni ngemva kwempi, eNdiya. ikhiqiza i-plutonium ngoba ikhiqizwa yisitha sabo esingunombolo 1, iPakistan, igama lekhodi lebhomu le-athomu liyiphasiwedi efundekayo neshumekwe ngokwamasiko. UGandhi wahlala ethembekile emcabangweni wokungabi nodlame (ahimsa) impilo yakhe yonke, ngo-1940 wabiza amaNgisi: “Ngingathanda ukuthi nibeke phansi izikhali zenu, ezingenamsebenzi wokuhlenga nina noma isintu. Nizomema uHerr Hitler no Signor Mussolini ukuthi bathathe abakufunayo emazweni eniwabiza ngokuthi ngawakho ... uma laba banumzane bethatha isinqumo sokuthatha izindlu zenu nizowashiya. Uma benganidedeli nizovumela ukuthi kubulawe amadoda enu, abesifazane nezingane zenu, kodwa niyonqaba ukuzithoba kubo. Cha bafundi abahle anginincengi ukuthi nikhiphe izingidi nikhiphe izinsimbi nilahle izikhiye. Akukho ukukopela, iningi lethu akuwona ama-Mahatmas (imiphefumulo emikhulu) futhi esimweni sethu sezulu kungabanda lapho umnyango uvuliwe.
Abangasenayo i-glitter
Ingabe imboni yezokundiza yaseNdiya ngokuyinhloko i-HAL? I-Hindustan Aeronautics Limited, esetshenziswa uMnyango Wezokuvikela waseNdiya, ingenye yezinkampani zezindiza ezinkulu e-Asia. Yadalwa kuphela ngo-1940, ngo-1943 yadluliselwa okwesikhashana e-US Air Force futhi yilapho yaqala khona ukubhekana nobuchwepheshe besimanje bezindiza. Esikhathini sangemva kwempi, yabamba iqhaza ngenkuthalo ekuthuthukiseni i-Indian Air Force, futhi kusukela ngeminyaka yama-80s ibikhiqiza izindiza nezindiza ezinophephela emhlane zezinhlobo zazo. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-30, izindawo zokukhiqiza ze-HAL zaqala ukukhiqiza inguqulo ethuthukisiwe ye-Su-27MKI ye-heavy fighter. Lena imoto enezihlalo ezimbili, enezinjongo eziningi, eshintshwayo, efana ne-Su-35M / Su-100, kodwa ngamakhono anwetshiwe kakhulu okulwa nezinhloso zomoya emabangeni amade kakhulu. Indiza ihlome ngemicibisholo ye-Novator K-200 ye-air-to-air (nayo eyenziwa e-India) enohlu olungaphezu kwe-1000 km, kodwa ingasetshenziswa futhi emisebenzini yokuhlasela. Iphethe imicibisholo ejikijelwayo eyi-Supersonic ye-BrahMos (esuka emagameni emifula emibili, i-Brahmaputra ne-Moskva), futhi kufanele iphathe imicibisholo ecitshwayo ye-subsonic Nirbhay-class enobubanzi obungafika ku-2015 km, zombili izinhlobo zokugcina zemicibisholo ehlome ngezikhali zenuzi. Ngo-250, i-Indian Air Force, umbutho wezindiza wesine ngobukhulu emhlabeni, kulindeleke ukuthi ube nama-Su-30MKIs angama-XNUMX, okukodwa nje kwezinhlobo ezimbalwa zezindiza zokulwa zesimanje zaseNdiya.
I-RUSIAN AIRCRAFT SU-50 SU-5 - isizukulwane sesi-XNUMX
Ukubambisana phakathi kwamabhizinisi ezokuvikela eNdiya naseRussia kushube kakhulu, ngakho-ke akumangazi ukuthi indiza yakamuva eyakhiwe yihhovisi lakwaSukhoi yathuthukiswa amabutho asemoyeni awo womabili la mazwe. I-prototype ye-Su-50 kufanele ithuthukiswe ngendlela yama-prototypes amabili azimele: i-Sukhoi PAK FA, okungukuthi, iSukhoi Frontal Aviation Complex yaseRussia, kanye ne-HAL FGFA, okungukuthi, i-fighter yesizukulwane sesihlanu yaseNdiya. I-fighter yaseRussia kufanele ibe isihlalo esisodwa, i-Indian kufanele ibe izihlalo ezimbili ezinezinhloso eziningi, izimboni zezindiza zamazwe womabili zihlangene, zisebenzisa isipiliyoni saseRussia ekucubunguleni i-titanium kanye nobuchwepheshe be-Indian composite technologies. I-Su-50 yaklanywa njengomshini ocashile ukuze uqhudelane ne-American F-22 Raptor kanye ne-F-35 Lightning II, kodwa ukugcizelelwa kwakusekushintsheni nasekusebenziseni izinto eziningi esikhundleni sokucindezelwa kwe-radar echo nganoma yiziphi izindleko. Indiza inkulu futhi izoba nesisindo esingamathani angu-26 lapho isuka, kufanele indize ngesivinini esiphezulu ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ama-supercruise, ibe nesivinini esiphezulu esingu-Mach 2 kanye nethuba lokuzimela kwe-thrust vectoring ngayinye yezinjini. Ngakho-ke, izoba umlweli wokuqala wesizukulwane sesihlanu emhlabeni one-vectorization egcwele kuzo zontathu izimbazo. Njengozakwabo waseMelika, ifakwe amagumbi ezikhali angaphakathi, amabili amaphakathi phakathi kwemigudu yenjini nenye encane engaphandle, phansi kwamaphiko.
Ngenhlanhla, ukungqubuzana okuqondile phakathi kweRussia noma i-India kanye ne-US noma amazwe aseNtshonalanga Yurophu kubonakala kuncane futhi kuncane, kodwa impi yezikhali yawo wonke lawa mazwe igcwele amandla, futhi umfelandawonye waseRussia-Indian ubonakala unenzuzo yobuchwepheshe obuthile. ukuhlehla. Izibonelo ezinhle i-F-22 Raptor okukhulunywe ngayo ngenhla kanye neqhawe lale JPTZ. Yasungulwa ngo-2005, i-F-22 yakhiqizwa ngenani lezimoto ezingaba ngu-200, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwavinjelwa ngenxa ... kubiza u-$17 billion ukuqala kabusha.
I-Su-50 izofaka isevisi kuphela ngo-2015 (eRussia) futhi ngokungangabazeki izobe ingaphelele kakhulu ngokwezici ezicashile, kodwa izoba okungenani i-1/3 eshibhile kune-Raptor, ngoba izindleko zendiza eyodwa zilinganiselwa ezigidini eziyi-100. Amadola aseMelika. Intengo ecashuniwe ngomshini ngamunye isivele iyisamba sezindleko zokukhiqiza kanye nezindleko ezihlukanisiwe zohlelo lokuthuthukisa. Ngakho-ke, inkampani yaseRussia-Indian inesinye isiqalo esiyinhloko phambi kwabaseMelika, ngoba intengo ngeyunithi ngayinye iphathelene nezimoto ezingu-500, i-250 ngayinye ye-Indian and Russian Air Forces, kodwa kakade sekuyaziwa ukuthi hlobo luni "elidala"? indiza ngeke ibe ngaphansi kokuvinjelwa ukuthekelisa, futhi imakethe yokuthengisa ilinganiselwa, mhlawumbe kancane ngokuthemba kakhulu, ezindizeni eziyi-1000. I-HAL ne-Sukhoi bahlomisa izindiza zabo ngezindiza ezivela emhlabeni wonke? eshibhe kakhulu futhi ehamba phambili, evela eRussia, Israel, France, South Africa, ngesicelo sekhasimende, mhlawumbe nase-USA? ukuthengisa nje. Uhlu lwabasebenzisi besikhathi esizayo be-Su-50 lungafaka amazwe amabutho awo asemoyeni asebenzisa imiklamo yangaphambili ye-Sukhoi, njenge-Su-27, Su-30, Su-34 kanye ne-Su-35. Akukona nje ukuqondana ukuthi indiza entsha iyisilwi esinamandla esikwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yokuhlasela yebanga elide. Ingabe i-China iwumthengi omkhulu kunabo bonke abangaba umthengi wakho kokubili umshini nelayisense yokukhiqiza, elandelwa ulayini omude wamazwe angenayo intshiseko ngenqubomgomo yezangaphandle yaseMelika naseNtshonalanga Yurophu? kusuka e-Asia, e-Afrika naseNingizimu Melika.
U-Putin uhlangana ne- "Stealth": isethulo se-PAK FA T-50 fighter
Ngandlela-thile, eyedwa futhi ngaphandle kwesiphakamiso sanoma ubani, umbhali we-JPTZ uprofetha ukuthi i-Polish Air Force ngeke ime emgqeni we-Su-50 kunoma yiziphi izinguquko, i-F-16 yethu izondiza iminyaka engu-25 nangaphezulu, futhi isilwi sethu sengxenye yesibili yekhulu lama-35 kungenzeka kube yiF-30 Lightning eshiwo ngenhla. Hhayi-ke, lokhu mhlawumbe kuwuhlobo oluthile lwesiko lokundiza kwethu, ukuthi kufanele kudlule okungenani iminyaka engama-36 ukusuka ekuhlolweni kokundiza kwe-prototype kuya esikhathini lapho indiza yokulwa eyi-serial ingena enkonzweni. Kulesi simo, ngicabanga ukuthi kufanele okungenani sengeze umshini omusha wamaNdiya, njenge-HAL HJT-346 Sitar, kwabazokhethwa abathathu (i-Italian M50 Master, i-Korean supersonic T-11, i-BAE Hawk endala yaseBrithani) endizeni yethu elandelayo ethembisayo yokuqeqesha. . Phela, i-Indian Air Force iyona kuphela, ngaphandle kwe-Air Force yethu, eyayisebenzisa i-TS-50 Iskier ngobuningi, amayunithi angu-1975. Imishini eyalethwa lapho ngo-76/36 yayisiguge ngokuphelele futhi yakhishwa emgqeni womhlangano eminyakeni embalwa edlule, esikhundleni sama-Hawks ambalwa akhiqizwa ngaphansi kwelayisensi, ngakho-ke ama-HTJ-250 azodingeka maduze. Ukukhiqizwa okulindelekile yizimoto eziyi-XNUMX kuphela ze-Indian Air Force, intengo yekhophi eyodwa kufanele ibe phansi impela. U-Irida wayengafuni ukundiza kahle, izindiza zethu ziyi-crap endala njalo, ake okungenani kube kanye into entsha, into ehloniphekile, into eyenziwe yimboni yesimanje yezindiza. Mhlawumbe lokhu kungaba yithuba lemboni yethu, evele yaba, njengoZablotsky esensipho ngesikhathi sezivumelwano ezinkulu zokugcina, futhi amaNdiya ngokuqinisekile azonikeza isikweletu futhi, mhlawumbe, engakahleki.
