Yini edala ukuthi imoto ime ngenkathi ishayela

Imvamisa emzileni, injini iyama ohambeni, emva kwesikhashana iyavuleka. Lokhu kungaholela engozini. Inkinga ibonakala ezimotweni zokukhiqiza zasekhaya kanye nezimoto zakwamanye amazwe.

Izinkinga zenjini emile:

1. Ukunikezwa kukaphethiloli okungalungile.
2. Ayikho inhlansi
3. Iphutha lobuchwepheshe.

Iphuzu lokugcina licacile: injini igijima ngokungalingani, ngokunomsindo, bese ima.

Ikhwalithi ye-Fuel

Esinye sezizathu uphethiloli wezinga eliphansi, ukungahambisani nezidingo zemoto ngokwenombolo ye-octane. Umshayeli kufanele akhumbule ukuthi imoto yagcina ukuthelwa kuphi futhi ngaluphi uhlobo lukaphethiloli. Uma kuboniswa ukuthi injini kufanele isebenze ku-AI-95 noma i-AI-98, kuyingozi ukuthela i-AI-92 ethangini.

Inkinga ibangelwa uphethiloli: lapho i-accelerator pedal icindezelekile ngokugcwele, isivinini asinyuki, lapho i-clutch icindezelekile, iyunithi yamandla ibamba. Isimo sichazwa yinhlansi ebuthakathaka, enikeza uphethiloli omubi.

Ukuxazulula inkinga kudinga:

1. Khipha uphethiloli.
2. Geza injini.
3. Hlanza zonke izintambo zikaphethiloli.
4. Shintsha isihlungi sikaphethiloli.

Izinjini zezimoto zizwela izinga likaphethiloli.

Spark plugs

Imoto iyanyakaza ngenxa yamapulaki ezinhlansi: abathintwayo abavalekile, ukwakheka kwama-plaque, ukunikezwa kwamandla kagesi okungalungile.

Uma ukugqoka okumnyama kubonakala emakhandlelani, inhlansi evamile ayikwazi ukwakha. Ukuba khona kokungcola koxhumana nabo kubonisa uphethiloli wekhwalithi ephansi. Ukungcola kubangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle ohlelweni lokuhlinzeka ngowoyela.

Kuvela amachashazi amnyama emakhandleleni

Amafutha emakhandlela kuwuphawu lokuwohloka. Imoto kufanele ithunyelwe ukuze ihlolwe. Ukungayinaki inkinga kungaholela ekulungiseni okubizayo.

Qaphela! Uma ama-spark plug ehluleka, injini igijima ngendlela engalingani, imoto iyanyakaza ngenkathi ishayela, ima ngezikhathi ezithile, futhi iqala kanzima. Uma kunombala obomvu obomvu koxhumana nabo, uphethiloli wekhwalithi ephansi uthululelwa ethangini. Amakhandlela kuleli cala adinga ukushintshwa.

I-Throttle

Imbangela yokungasebenzi kahle ukungcoliswa kwe-throttle. Ukusabela kwemoto ku-accelerator pedal sekwephuzile, ijubane alilingani, izitezi zenjini, ingxenye idinga ukuwashwa. Kudingeka:

1. Thenga ithuluzi elikhethekile esitolo sezimoto.
2. Susa i-shock absorber.
3. Hlanza kahle.
4. Sicela ufake kabusha.

Uma lezi zinyathelo zingasizi, inkinga ikukuphakelwa kwamandla.

Ezimotweni ezenziwe kwamanye amazwe, i-throttle valve ingahluleka. Khona-ke, lapho ukhulula igesi, injini iyama. Ingxenye inesibopho sokubuyisela i-shock absorber endaweni yayo evamile, isuse izikhala.

Ukuze uhlole i-shock absorber udinga:

1. Zifudumeze injini ngezinga lokushisa lokusebenza.
2. Vula i-shutter mathupha.
3. Adedele kungazelelwe.

Ingxenye kufanele ibuyele cishe emkhawulweni, ime futhi iqede hhayi ngokushesha. Uma kungekho ukwehla okubonwayo, i-damper inephutha. Idinga ukushintshwa, ukulungiswa akunakwenzeka.

I-valve ye-throttle engcolile

Isilawuli sejubane lokungenzi lutho

Kumamodeli eVAZ anenjini engu-8 noma engu-16 kanye nasezimotweni zakwamanye amazwe, iyunithi yamandla iqala bese ima ngenxa ye-IAC. Igama elingalungile inzwa yesivinini engenzi lutho, igama elilungile umlawuli.

Idivayisi ilawula isivinini semoto futhi inakekele. Ngokungenzi lutho, injini iyayeka ukusebenza noma isivinini esingalingani sibonwa - ingxenye inephutha. Lapho ushintsha u-gearbox uye ku-neutral, injini ima; udinga ukushintsha isilawuli.

Izimpawu ezifanayo kwesinye isikhathi zibonwa nge-throttle engcolile. Kunconywa ukuhlanza kuqala.

Isihlungi somoya

Ukushintsha izihlungi emotweni kuyinqubo ebalulekile yokugcinwa kwabantu abaningi abayikhohlwayo. Ngenxa yalokho, isihlungi siyavaleka, ukusebenza kweyunithi yamandla kanye nezinhlelo kuphazamiseka. Uma kukhona ukungcola noma umonakalo omkhulu, injini izosebenza ngokungalingani, ngokuzumayo; uma ucindezela noma ukhulula i-accelerator pedal, izoma.

Qaphela! Ngendlela efanayo, injini iyama uma isilawuli se-XX sihluleka.

Ukuze uhlole ukungasebenzi kahle, kuyadingeka ukuqaqa isihlungi futhi usihlole ngomonakalo. Uma ingcolile noma igugile, kufanele ishintshwe.

Isihlungi somoya esivalekile

Isihlungi se-Fuel

Isihlungi sikaphethiloli esingcolile ngesinye isizathu esenza imoto izinze ngenkathi ishayela. Ingxenye ifakwe kuzo zonke izimoto. Inkinga ngedivayisi yenzeka phakathi kwabanikazi bezimoto ezisetshenzisiwe. Isihlungi siyakhohlwa futhi asivamile ukushintshwa.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukungcola kuyavaleka, kuba nzima ukuthi uphethiloli udlule erempini, alikho igumbi elivuthayo. Isibaseli sizogeleza njalo, ngakho-ke singase singafinyeleli. Uma isihlungi sivalekile, umshini uyama lapho ucindezela i-accelerator pedal.

Kudingekile ukuqaqa iphampu yamafutha, susa isihlungi bese ufaka esisha. Akukho phuzu ekuhlanzeni - intengo yengxenye incane.

Iphampu yamafutha

Iphampu kaphethiloli engalungile ingabangela imoto ukuthi ihambe ngendlela evamile isikhashana bese ima. Ukwehluleka kuqala kumshini, uphethiloli awungeni emakamelweni noma ungena ngamanani amancane.

Ekuqaleni, injini izobe ingasebenzi, ngokunyuka kwejubane izoyeka, lapho ipompo ekugcineni ihluleka, ngeke iqale.

I-fuel fuel ilungiswa kalula, kodwa ukungasebenzi kungase kuphinde kuvele, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuyishintsha. Le yunithi itholakala ngaphansi kwesihlalo sangemuva.

Ehlobo, iphampu yesibaseli ingase isebenze ngezikhathi ezithile ngenxa yokubilisa kukaphethiloli. Lokhu kwenzeka ezimotweni zakudala zaseSoviet. Ukuze uqede inkinga, udinga ukucisha injini bese ulinda ukuthi uphethiloli uphole.

Izinkinga ngemishini kagesi

Injini yemoto iyeka ukusebenza ngesikhathi ishayela ngenxa yenkinga kagesi. Okokuqala, udinga ukuhlola zonke izixuku.

Amatheminali ebhethri angase axege, ukuthintana kahle, angabi namandla, akuvamile ukuba kube nenkinga.

Izixhumanisi zamajeneretha zidinga ukuhlolwa. Ngemuva kokulungiswa, inkosi ingase ikhohlwe ukuqinisa ama-terminals, futhi idivayisi ngeke ikhokhise. Ibhethri izokhishwa ngokuphelele, injini izoma ekuhambeni. Indawo generator ku Vaz-2115, 2110 futhi 2112 onobuhle efanayo.

I-alternator ingase yehluleke noma ibhande linqamuke. Lokhu kuboniswa isithonjana kudeshibhodi. Kunconywa ukuvakashela isevisi yemoto, ukulungiswa kwemoto kungaholela ekuqhekekeni.

Udinga ukuhlola isisindo esisuka ekususeni kokudluliswa kwe-othomathikhi siye enjinini. Ukuze uvimbele, ama-terminals ayahlanzwa futhi agcotshwe ngenhlanganisela ekhethekile.

Isizathu wukungasebenzi kahle kwezintambo ezinamandla kagesi. Ayilungiseki - idinga ukushintshwa.

Ikhoyili yokushisa engaphelele

Uma ikhoyili yokuthungela ingasebenzi, injini iyahlala njalo. Kunokwenyuka kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, ukwehla kwamandla emoto, ukuqala kabi kwenjini.

Iyunithi yamandla iqala "ukuzamazama", ikakhulukazi emvuleni, ijubane alilingani. Ukungasebenzi kahle kusayinwa yinkomba kudeshibhodi.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhoyili inephutha, kufanele:

1. Uma "kukathathu", susa ukujika okukodwa. Lapho okulungisekayo kususwa, izinguquko zizoqala "ukuntanta" ngokuqinile, ukukhishwa kwephutha ngeke kushintshe lutho.
2. Uma ingxenye ingasebenzi, ikhandlela liyoba manzi, nge-coating emnyama, ukumelana kuhlukile.

Qaphela! Izimoto ze-VAZ ezinenjini engu-8-valve zinemodyuli yokuthungela, umsebenzi wawo ofana nowamakhoyili.

Vacuum brake booster

Iyunithi yamandla iyayeka ukusebenza lapho ibhuleki licindezelwa; inkinga iku-vacuum booster. Idivayisi ixhunywe ngepayipi ku-multifold intake.

I-diaphragm engasebenzi kahle ayikwazi ukudala isikhala ngesikhathi esifanele uma ucindezela i-pedal yebhuleki. Umoya ungena engxubeni yokusebenza, ephelile. Injini ayikwazi ukusebenza kule ngxube, ngakho iyama.

Ukuze ulungise inkinga, kwanele ukushintsha ama-gaskets kanye ne-membrane, ngezinye izikhathi i-hose.

Ukonakala kwamapayipi

Emishinini enenjini yomjovo, ukubola kweshaneli yomoya ecindezelekile (evame ukuphuka) kungase kube imbangela yenkinga. Umoya ungena udlule i-DMRV, ulwazi olungalungile luthunyelwa kuyunithi yokulawula, ingxube iyashintsha, injini iyayeka ukusebenza.

Injini "i-troit" futhi idling. Ukuze kuqedwe ukuwohloka, kwanele ukushintsha i-corrugation.

Uphenyo lweLambda

Inzwa iyadingeka ukuze kuhlaziywe okuqukethwe komoyampilo kumagesi okukhipha umoya futhi kuhlole ikhwalithi yengxube. Ukwehluleka kwedivayisi kuyimbangela yokungaqali kahle kwenjini, ukumisa umsebenzi nokunciphisa amandla. Iphinde inyuse ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli. Ungaqinisekisa ukuthi inkinga ihlobene nedivayisi ngokusebenzisa ukuxilongwa.

I-lambda probe enesici

Izinzwa

Ziningi izinzwa ezifakwe ezimotweni. Uma imoto eyodwa iphuka, iqala ukwehluleka, injini ingakwazi "ukujikeleza".

Ngokuvamile injini iyeka ukusebenza ngenxa yenzwa ye-valve yesikhathi. Uma ingxenye ingasebenzi ngokuphelele, imoto ngeke iqale. Ngenxa yezinkinga kudivayisi, iyunithi yamandla izosebenza ngokungalingani, ime ngezikhathi ezithile.

Inzwa kungenzeka ishisa ngokweqile.

I-firmware engafundile

Abanikazi bezimoto bavame ukubonisa imoto. Le nqubo ikuvumela ukuthi uvule amandla enjini, uthuthukise amandla.

Ukuze wonge imali, abashayeli bezimoto banciphisa izindleko ze-firmware. Ngenxa yalokho, imoto ihamba ngokushesha futhi iyama lapho inciphisa. Iyunithi yokulawula idida ukufundwa futhi inikeze ingxube yokusebenza ngezindlela ezahlukene.

Kufanelekile ukusethwa kabusha kuzilungiselelo zasembonini. Lapho ukhanyisa, udinga ukukhetha inkosi enhle enolwazi olunzulu; izilungiselelo ezingalungile zingenza umonakalo omkhulu.

isiphetho

Lezi yizinkinga ezinkulu ezidala ukuthi injini ime ngesikhathi ishayela bese iqala futhi. Ukuze ugweme izimo ezingalindelekile emgwaqeni, kunconywa ukuqapha isimo semoto, ukugcwalisa uphethiloli owanele. Uma umshini waqala ukugoqa, futhi kwakungenakwenzeka ukukhomba imbangela yalokhu ngokwakho, kungcono ukuthintana nesikhungo sesevisi futhi uqhube ukuxilongwa kwekhompiyutha yawo wonke ama-node.