Izici nomgomo wokusebenza kokumiswa okuguquguqukayo kwemoto

Endabeni yezinzwa, ukuqina kwezingxenye ezinwebekayo kanye nezinga lokudambisa kulungiswa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Kodwa lapho isignali ingena ku-electronic unit kusuka kumshayeli, izilungiselelo ziphoqeleka ukuba zishintshe (ngokomyalo womuntu ongemuva kwesondo).

Idivayisi yokumiswa yomshini iyisendlalelo esixhumene esinyakazayo phakathi komzimba namasondo. Indlela eqinisekisa ukunethezeka nokuphepha kokuhamba kwabasebenzi bezimoto ihlale ithuthukiswa. Izimoto zesimanje zifakelwe izakhiwo ezilungisekayo - lezi wukumiswa kwezimoto okuguquguqukayo. Cabangela izingxenye, izinzuzo kanye nokubi, kanye nezinhlobo zemishini yokumiswa eqhubekayo.

Kuyini ukumiswa kwemoto okuguquguqukayo

Kunokungezwani ekuqondeni ukuthi yini ukumiswa kwemoto okusebenzayo, nokuthi ihluke kanjani kumklamo oguquguqukayo. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, akukho ukuhlukaniswa okucacile kwemiqondo.

Wonke ama-hydraulic noma ama-pneumatic suspensions alawulwa yinkinobho noma i-knob yokulungisa esuka endaweni yabagibeli ebizwa ngokuthi i-active - lena incazelo evamile. Umehluko kuphela ngedivayisi eguquguqukayo ukuthi amapharamitha kokugcina ashintsha ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho uhamba. Okusho ukuthi, ukumiswa "kodwa" kushintsha izilungiselelo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-subspecies, inguquko ye-chassis esebenzayo eguquguqukayo.

Ukumiswa okuguquguqukayo kwemoto kuqoqa ulwazi mayelana nokushintsha kwezimo zemvelo, isitayela sokushayela kanye nemodi kusetshenziswa izinzwa ezihlukahlukene umzuzwana ngamunye. Futhi idlulisela idatha kuyunithi yokulawula. I-ECU ishintsha ngokushesha izici zokumiswa, iyilungise ngohlobo lwendawo yomgwaqo: inyusa noma ifinyeze imvume, ilungisa i-geometry yesakhiwo kanye nezinga le-vibration damping (damping).

Kuyini ukumiswa kwemoto okuguquguqukayo

I-Adaptive ukumiswa izici

Kubakhiqizi abahlukene, izingxenye zezinhlelo eziguquguqukayo zingashintshwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kusala isethi evamile yezinto ezitholakala kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokumiswa okulawulwayo.

Iyunithi yokulawula ngogesi

Ulwazi oluvela kuzinzwa noma amasignali avela kuyunithi yezandla - isikhethi esilawulwa umshayeli - sigeleza "ebuchosheni" be-electronic bomshini. I-ECU ihlaziya idatha bese ikhetha imodi nokulungiselelwa kwezingxenye ezisebenzayo zokumiswa.

Endabeni yezinzwa, ukuqina kwezingxenye ezinwebekayo kanye nezinga lokudambisa kulungiswa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Kodwa lapho isignali ingena ku-electronic unit kusuka kumshayeli, izilungiselelo ziphoqeleka ukuba zishintshe (ngokomyalo womuntu ongemuva kwesondo).

Ibha ye-anti-roll elungisekayo

Ingxenye eyisibopho yokumiswa okuguquguqukayo iqukethe induku, ama-stabilizer struts nama-fasteners.

I-stabilizer igcina imoto ingashibiliki, igingqike futhi igingqike ngesikhathi inyakaza. Imininingwane ebukeka ingabonakali isabalalisa kabusha umthwalo phakathi kwamasondo, yenza buthaka noma ikhulise ingcindezi ezintweni ezinwebekayo. Leli khono lenza ukumiswa kuzimele ngokuphelele: isondo ngalinye libhekana ngokuzimela nezithiyo kuthrekhi.

I-anti-roll bar yenziwa yasebenza ngomyalo we-ECU. Isikhathi sokuphendula singama-millisecond.

Izinzwa

Izinzwa zemishini yokumiswa eguquguqukayo ziqoqa, zilinganise futhi zithumele ulwazi mayelana nezinguquko ezimweni zangaphandle kuyunithi ye-elekthronikhi.

Izilawuli zesistimu eziyinhloko:

• ukusheshisa umzimba - ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwengxenye yomzimba;
• imigwaqo emibi - nciphisa ukudlidliza okuqondile kwemoto;
• ukuma komzimba - kubangelwa lapho ingemuva lemoto licwila noma likhuphuka ngaphezu kwengaphambili.

Izinzwa ziyizici ezilayishwe kakhulu zokumiswa kwemoto, ngakho zihluleka kaningi kunezinye.

Imichilo esetshenziswayo (eguquguqukayo) yokushaqeka

Ngokusho komklamo we-strut absorber strut, zihlukaniswe zibe izinhlobo ezimbili:

1. Amasistimu we-valve ye-Solenoid. Ama-valve anjalo e-EM asekelwe ekuguquleni isigaba esiphambanayo esiguquguqukayo ngaphansi kwethonya le-voltage ehlinzekwa yi-ECU.
2. Amadivayisi anoketshezi oluzibuthe lwe-rheological olushintsha i-viscosity ngaphansi kwethonya lenkambu ye-electromagnetic.

I-shock absorber struts ishintsha ngokushesha izilungiselelo ze-chassis lapho ithola umyalo ovela kuyunithi yokulawula.

Izici zokumiswa kwemoto okuguquguqukayo

Ukuthi isebenza kanjani

Inketho yokumisa eguquguqukayo iyunithi eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, umgomo wokusebenza okumi kanje:

1. Izinzwa zikagesi ziqoqa futhi zithumele ulwazi mayelana nezimo zomgwaqo e-ECU.
2. Iyunithi yokulawula ihlaziya idatha, ithumela imiyalo kuma-actuator.
3. Ama-shock struts nezinzinzisi lungisa ukusebenza ukuze kuhambisane nesimo.

Lapho imiyalo ivela ku-unit control unit, umshayeli ngokwakhe ukhetha imodi yokujwayela: evamile, ekhululekile noma "ezemidlalo".

Izinhlobo zokumiswa okuguquguqukayo

Izindlela eziguquguqukayo zihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo, kuye ngemisebenzi eyenziwe:

• kuthinte ukuqina kwezinto ezinwebekayo;
• kanye nokuqina, bavumelanisa indawo evulekile;
• shintsha indawo ye-anti-roll bar;
• lawula ingxenye yomzimba ehlobene nendiza evundlile;
• lungisa indlela yokushayela yomnikazi futhi ulandelele izimo.

I-automaker ngayinye ihlanganisa imisebenzi yokulawula ye-ECU ngendlela yayo.

Yiziphi izimoto ezifakwayo

Ukusuka ekufuneni ukwazi kwengxenye yesibili yekhulunyaka elidlule, i-chassis eguquguqukayo ihamba kancane kancane esigabeni sezinto ezijwayelekile. Namuhla, izimoto ezingabizi zaseKorea naseJapane zifakwe umshini oqhubekayo.

I-Citroen yabeka isisekelo sokukhiqizwa kokumiswa okusebenzayo ngokwethula uhlelo lwe-Hydractiv multi-mode hydropneumatic ekwakhiweni kwemoto. Kodwa-ke ama-electronics ayengakathuthukisiwe kahle, ngakho-ke i-Adaptive Drive edumile ye-BMW ukukhathazeka yaba yinhle kakhulu. Lokhu kulandelwe yi-Adaptive Chassis Control yenkampani yakwaVolkswagen.

Ukulungiswa

Ngokucabanga ukuthi ukunyakaza kuzoba kumiphi imigwaqo, umshayeli osuka endaweni yakhe angakwazi ukuzilungisa ngokwakhe. Emigwaqweni ewuthelawayeka, imodi "yezemidlalo" isebenza kangcono, kumacanvase anamabhampa - "comfort" noma "off-road".

Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukwenza izinguquko ezintweni zesakhiwo ngasinye ngokusebenzisa ibhulokhi yokulawula. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, akunzima ukuhlanganisa iphakheji yezilungiselelo zombhali bese uyigcina njengemodi ehlukile.

Amaphutha

Imvamisa, izinzwa ezisebenza ngokuqhubekayo ziyawohloka: imishini yokufunda ayisebenzi. Ngokuvamile, ukuvuza okuthembekile kokushaqeka kuyavuza.

Kodwa okuyinkinga kakhulu ukumiswa komoya. Kuhlelo, ama-compressor ahluleka, iziphethu zomoya ziyavuza, imigqa iyagqwala.

Izindlela zokumiswa komoya ezenziwa ngesandla nezizenzakalelayo

Izinzuzo nokungalungi

Izici ezikhawulelwe kuzinketho ezijwayelekile zokumiswa ziyanxeshezelwa futhi ziphindaphindwe kumiklamo esebenzayo.

Umshini wezinga elisha (nakuba usuvele ungeyona into entsha) uthembisa umnikazi wemoto izinzuzo eziningi:

Funda futhi: I-steering rack damper - inhloso kanye nemithetho yokufaka

• ukuphatha okuhle kakhulu nganoma yisiphi isivinini;
• ukuzinza okuthembekile kwezimoto emigwaqweni enzima;
• izinga elingenakuqhathaniswa lokunethezeka;
• ubushelelezi obuhle kakhulu besifundo;
• ukuphepha kokunyakaza;
• ikhono lokuzilungisa ngokuzimela imingcele ye-chassis, kuye ngezimo.

Ukumiswa kungaba kuhle uma kungenjalo ngenxa yokungalungi kwedivayisi:

• intengo ephezulu, ekugcineni ethinta ithegi yentengo yemoto;
• ubunkimbinkimbi bomklamo, ohlanganisa ukulungiswa okubizayo kanye nokugcinwa kwemishini;
• ubunzima ekuzihlanganiseni kwedivayisi.

Kodwa kufanele ukhokhele ukunethezeka, ngakho abashayeli abaningi bakhetha ukumiswa okuguquguqukayo.

Ukumiswa kwe-Adaptive DCC Skoda Kodiaq kanye ne-Skoda Superb (DCC Skoda Kodiaq ne-Skoda Superb)