Okuqukethwe Ithangi i-T-72 Incazelo yobuchwepheshe Incazelo yobuchwepheshe-ukuqhubeka Isiphetho sencazelo yobuchwepheshe T-72A I-T-72B Ithangi i-T-90 Thumela Ithangi lempi eliyinhloko i-T-72 Ukulungiswa kwethangi lempi elikhulu le-T-72: • T-72 (1973) - isampula eyisisekelo; • I-T-72K (1973) - ithangi lomkhuzi; • I-T-72 (1975) - inguqulo yokuthekelisa, ehlukaniswa ngomklamo wokuvikela izikhali engxenyeni engaphambili yombhoshongo, uhlelo lwe-PAZ kanye nephakeji yezinhlamvu; • I-T-72A (1979) - isimanje sethangi le-T-72. Umehluko omkhulu yilezi: i-laser sight-rangefinder TPDK-1, ukubonakala kwasebusuku kwesibhamu i-TPN-3-49 ene-illuminator L-4, izikrini eziqinile ezingaphakathi kwebhodi ezivimbela ukuqoqwa, i-cannon 2A46 (esikhundleni se-cannon 2A26M2), isistimu 902B yokwethula amabhomu entuthu, i-anti-napalm uhlelo lokuvikela, uhlelo lokusayina kwethrafikhi, idivayisi yasebusuku i-TVNE-4B yomshayeli, kwanda ukuhamba okuguquguqukayo kwama-roller, injini V-46-6. • I-T-72AK (1979) - ithangi lomkhuzi; • I-T-72M (1980) - inguqulo yokuthekelisa yethangi le-T-72A. Yayihlukaniswa ngomklamo we-armored turret, isethi ephelele yezinhlamvu kanye nesistimu yokuvikela ehlangene. • I-T-72M1 (1982) - isimanje sethangi le-T-72M. Ifaka ipuleti lezempi elengeziwe elingu-16 mm ngaphambili kwesikhumba kanye nezivikelo ezihlanganisiwe ze-turret nama-sand cores njengesigcwalisi. • T-72AV (1985) - okuhlukile kwethangi le-T-72A elinokuvikelwa okunamandla okuhingekile • T-72B (1985) - inguqulo yesimanje yethangi le-T-72A elinesistimu yesikhali esiqondisiwe • T-72B1 (1985) - okuhlukile kwethangi le-T-72B ngaphandle kokufakwa kwezinye izici zesistimu yezikhali eziqondisiwe. • I-T-72S (1987) - inguqulo yokuthekelisa yethangi le-T-72B. Igama lokuqala ithangi T-72M1M. Umehluko oyinhloko: iziqukathi eziyi-155 zokuvikela okunamandla okunezintambo (esikhundleni se-227), izikhali ze-hull kanye ne-turret zazigcinwe ezingeni le-T-72M1, isethi ehlukile yezinhlamvu zesibhamu. Ithangi i-T-72 I-MBT T-72 yasungulwa ngu-Uralvagonzavod e-Nizhny Tagil. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-serial kwethangi kuhlelwe embonini yaseNizhny Tagil. Kusukela ngo-1979 kuya ku-1985, ithangi T-72A kwaba ukukhiqizwa. Ngokwesisekelo salo, inguqulo yokuthekelisa ye-T-72M yakhiqizwa, bese ukuguqulwa kwayo okuqhubekayo - ithangi le-T-72M1. Kusukela ngo-1985, ithangi le-T-72B kanye nenguqulo yalo yokuthekelisa i-T-72S iye yakhiqizwa. Amathangi ochungechunge lwe-T-72 athunyelwa emazweni eSivumelwano Sangaphambili saseWarsaw, kanye naseNdiya, Yugoslavia, Iraq, Syria, Libya, Kuwait, Algeria naseFinland. Ngokwesisekelo sethangi le-T-72, i-BREM-1, ungqimba lwebhuloho lethangi le-MTU-72, kanye nemoto yokuvimbela ubunjiniyela ye-IMR-2 yathuthukiswa futhi yafakwa ekukhiqizeni ngobuningi. Umlando wokudalwa kwethangi le-T-72 Ukuqala kwenqubo yokudala ithangi le-T-72 kwabekwa umyalo woMkhandlu Wongqongqoshe we-USSR ka-August 15, 1967 "Ngokuhlomisa i-Soviet Army ngamathangi amasha aphakathi kwe-T-64 nokuthuthukisa amakhono okukhiqiza" , ngokuvumelana okwakuhlelelwe ukuhlela ukukhiqizwa kwe-serial yamathangi e-T-64 hhayi kuphela e-Kharkov Plant of Transport Engineering ebizwa ngokuthi uMalyshev (KhZTM), kodwa nakwamanye amabhizinisi embonini, kuhlanganise ne-Uralvagonzavod (UVZ), lapho I-T-62 medium tank yakhiqizwa ngaleso sikhathi. Ukwamukelwa kwalesi sinqumo kwanqunywa ngokunengqondo ukuthuthukiswa kwesakhiwo sethangi laseSoviet ngesikhathi se-1950-1960s. Kwakungaleyo minyaka lapho ubuholi obuphezulu bezempi nobuchwepheshe bezwe uD.F. Ustinov, L. V. Smirnov, S.A. Zverev futhi P.P. U-Poluboyarov (i-marshal of the armored forces, kusukela ngo-1954 kuya ku-1969 - inhloko yebutho lezempi leSoviet Army) wenza ukubheja okungenakuphikiswa ethangini le-T-64, elakhiwe ngo-KB-60 (kusukela ngo-1966 - iKharkov Design Bureau for Mechanical Engineering. - KMDB) ngaphansi kobuholi buka-A. A. Morozov. I-Tank T-72 "Ural" I-T-72 yamukelwa yiSoviet Army ngo-August 7, 1973. Umbono wokuthi u-A.A. I-Morozov, yayizokwandisa izinga lezimpawu eziyinhloko ze-tactical nezobuchwepheshe zethangi ngaphandle kokwandisa ubukhulu bayo. I-tank prototype, eyakhiwe ngohlaka lwalo mbono - "into 20" - yavela ngo-430. Kulo mshini, kwasetshenziswa izixazululo ezintsha zobuchwepheshe, phakathi kwazo, okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukufaka ukufakwa kwenjini engu-1957TD enezinhlamvu ezimbili ezimise okwe-H kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamabhokisi amabili amagiya anesivinini amahlanu. Lezi zixazululo zobuchwepheshe zenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukunciphisa kakhulu kokubili umthamo we-MTO kanye nawo wonke umthamo ogciniwe wethangi ukuze ube namanani amancane angakaze abonwe ngaphambili - 5 no-2,6 m3 ngokulandelana. Ukuze kugcinwe isisindo sokulwa sethangi ngaphakathi kwamathani angama-36, izinyathelo zathathwa zokukhanyisa i-chassis: amasondo omgwaqo anobubanzi obuncane anomuncwa wangaphakathi wokushaqeka kanye namadiski e-aluminium alloy kanye nemigoqo ye-torsion efinyeziwe yethulwa. Ukonga isisindo okutholwe ngalezi zindlela ezintsha kwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukuqinisa ukuvikelwa kwezikhali ze-hull kanye ne-turret. Kusukela ekuqaleni kokuhlolwa kwe "into 430", ukungathembeki kwenjini ye-5TD kwembulwa. Ukucindezeleka okushisayo okushisayo kweqembu le-cylinder-piston elifakwe ekwakhiweni kwalo, kuhlanganiswe nokwanda kokumelana nokuphuma, kubangele ukuphazamiseka njalo ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile kwama-pistons kanye nokwehluleka kwe-manifolds yokukhipha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwavela ukuthi ekushiseni komoya okungenzeka kakhulu (+25 ° C nangaphansi), injini ayikwazanga ukuqaliswa ngaphandle kokushisa kwangaphambili nge-heater. Kuphinde kwembulwa amaphutha amaningi okuklama ku-lightweight undercarriage yethangi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngisho nasesiteji sokuklama, "into engu-430" yaqala ukusala ngemuva kwamamodeli wakamuva angaphandle mayelana nezici zayo zokusebenza. Ngo-1960, izimali ezinkulu zase zisetshenziswe kakade kule misebenzi, futhi ukuqedwa kwayo kwakuyosho ukuqashelwa kokungathembeki kwazo zonke izinqumo zangaphambili. Ngalesi sikhathi, u-A. A. Morozov wethula umklamo lobuchwepheshe ithangi "into 432". Uma kuqhathaniswa "nento engu-430", yayihlanganisa izinto eziningi ezintsha, kuhlanganise: isibhamu esibushelelezi esingu-115 mm esine-cartridge case ehlukile; umshini wokulayisha izibhamu, owawuvumela ukunciphisa inani lamalungu eqembu labantu abangu-3; izikhali ezihlanganisiwe ze-hull kanye ne-turret, kanye nezikrini ze-anti-cumulative side; amandla afinyelela ku-700 hp I-5TDF ye-diesel ene-stroke kanye nokunye okuningi. Ithangi i-T-64 I-tank yaqala ukusebenza ngo-1969 njenge-T-64A medium tank. Ekuqaleni kuka-1962, i-chassis yokuhlola ye "into 432" yenziwa. Ngemva kokufakwa kombhoshongo wezobuchwepheshe, kwaqala ukuhlolwa olwandle. Ithangi lokuqala eliphelele lalilungile ngo-September 1962, elesibili - ngo-Okthoba 10. Kakade ngo-Okthoba 22, omunye wabo wethulwa enkundleni yokuqeqeshwa eKubinka kubuholi obuphezulu bezwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, N.S. I-Khrushchev ithole iziqinisekiso mayelana nokuqala okuseduze kokukhiqizwa kwenqwaba yethangi elisha, njengoba ngokushesha kwabonakala kungenasisekelo. Ngo-1962-1963, kwakhiqizwa ama-prototype ayisithupha ethangi elithi "into 432". Ngo-1964, inqwaba yamathangi yakhiqizwa inani lamayunithi angama-90. Ngo-1965, ezinye izimoto ezingu-160 zaphuma phansi embonini. Kodwa wonke lawa kwakungewona amathangi e-serial. Ngo-March 1963 no-May 1964, "into 432" yethulwa ukuze ukuhlolwa isimo, kodwa akazange aphumelele. Kuphela ekwindla ka-1966 lapho ikhomishana yombuso yabona ukuthi kungenzeka ukubeka ithangi emsebenzini ngaphansi kwegama elithi T-64, elamiswa ngokusemthethweni ngesinqumo seKomidi Elikhulu le-CPSU kanye noMkhandlu WoNgqongqoshe we-USSR ka-December 30. , 1966. Zonke izimoto ezingama-250 ezakhiwa ngo-1964-1965 zayekiswa ukusebenza ngemva kweminyaka emine. Ithangi T-64 yakhiqizwa isikhathi esifushane - kuze 1969 - ngo-1963, umsebenzi waqala ethangini "into 434". Kwenziwa cishe ngokuhambisana nokuhlela kahle "into 432": ngo-1964 kwaqedwa iphrojekthi yobuchwepheshe, ngo-1966-1967 kwenziwa ama-prototypes, futhi ngo-May 1968, ithangi le-T-64A, elihlome nge-125. -mm D-81 inganono, yafakwa enkonzweni. Isinqumo soMkhandlu WoNgqongqoshe we-USSR ka-August 15, 1967 siphinde sabhekisela ekukhululweni kwenguqulo "yokugcina" yethangi le-T-64. Kwakudingeka ngenxa yokuntuleka komthamo wokukhiqiza izinjini ze-5TDF eKharkov, ezingakwazi ukunikeza umthamo wokukhiqiza amathangi we-T-64 kwezinye izitshalo ngesikhathi sokuthula nangesikhathi sempi. Ukuba sengozini kwenguqulo ye-Kharkiv yesikhungo samandla kusukela ekubukeni kokugqugquzela kwakusobala hhayi kuphela kubaphikisi, kodwa nakubasekeli, kuhlanganise no-A.A. Morozov ngokwakhe. Uma kungenjalo, akunakwenzeka ukuchaza ukuthi umklamo wenguqulo "yokugcina" wenziwa ngu-A.A. Morozov kusukela ngo-1961. Lo mshini, owathola igama elithi "into 436", futhi ngemva kokulungiswa okuthile - "into 439", yathuthukiswa ngokuvilapha. Noma kunjalo, ngo-1969, ama-prototypes amane ethangi elithi "object 439" akhiqizwa futhi ahlolwe nge-MTO entsha ne-V-45 injini, inguqulo ethuthukisiwe ye-V-2 yomndeni we-diesel. I-Tank T-64A (into 434) Ithangi elimaphakathi T-64A (into 434) imodeli 1969 Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-1970, ukungabaza okukhulu kwase kuqoqwe eMnyangweni Wezokuvikela mayelana nokuthi kwakufanele yini ukukhiqiza amathangi e-T-64 anenjini engu-5TDF nhlobo. Kakade ngo-1964, injini yasebenza ngokuzinzile amahora angu-300 endaweni yokuma, kodwa ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ethangini impilo yesevisi yenjini ayizange idlule amahora angu-100! Ngo-1966, ngemva kokuhlolwa kweminyango ehlukahlukene, kwasungulwa isisetshenziswa esiqinisekisiwe samahora angu-200, ngo-1970 sase senyuke saba amahora angu-300. Ngo-1945, injini ye-V-2 ethangini le-T-34-85 yasebenza okufanayo, futhi ngokuvamile ngaphezulu! Kodwa nalamahora angu-300 injini ye-5TDF ayikwazanga ukumelana nayo. Phakathi nenkathi esukela ku-1966 kuya ku-1969, izinjini ezingu-879 zazingasebenzi kahle emasosheni. Ekwindla ka-1967, phakathi novivinyo eSifundeni Sezempi SaseBelarusian, izinjini zamathangi ayi-10 zawa emahoreni ambalwa nje omsebenzi: izinaliti zesihlahla sikaKhisimusi zavala iziphepho zokuhlanza umoya, kwathi uthuli lwagubha izindandatho zepiston. Ehlobo lonyaka ozayo, kwadingeka kwenziwe izivivinyo ezintsha e-Asia Ephakathi futhi kwethulwe uhlelo olusha lokuhlanza umoya. UGrechko ngo-1971, ngaphambi kokusheshisa ukuhlolwa kwezempi kwamathangi ayishumi nanhlanu e-T-64, utshele amaKharkovites: “Lesi yisivivinyo sakho sokugcina. Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa kwezempi okusheshisiwe kwamathangi ayi-15, kuzothathwa isinqumo sokugcina - ukuthi ngabe injini ye-5TDF noma cha. Futhi kuphela ngenxa yokuphothula ngempumelelo ukuhlolwa kanye nokwanda kwewaranti yensiza yemoto kuze kufike emahoreni angu-400, imibhalo yokuklama yenjini ye-5TDF yavunyelwa ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi. Njengengxenye yokwenziwa kwesimanje kwamathangi e-serial ehhovisi le-UVZ design ngaphansi kobuholi buka-L.N. I-Kartsev, i-prototype yethangi le-T-62 ene-cannon engu-125-mm D-81 kanye ne-autoloader entsha, ebizwa ngokuthi uhlobo lwe-cabinless, yathuthukiswa futhi yakhiqizwa. L.H. U-Kartsev uchaza le misebenzi kanye nemibono yakhe yokujwayelana nesilayishi esizenzakalelayo sethangi le-T-64 “Ngandlela-thile, endaweni yokuzilolonga ehlomile, nganquma ukubheka leli thangi. Agibele endaweni yokulwa. Angizange ngithande isilayishi esizenzakalelayo nokunqwabelana kwamashothi ku-turret. Izibhamu zazibekwe ziqondile eduze kwebhande lehlombe lombhoshongo futhi zilinganiselwe kakhulu ukufinyelela kumshayeli. Esimeni sokulimala noma ukushayeka, kungaba nzima impela ukumkhipha ethangini. Ngihlezi esihlalweni somshayeli, ngazizwa sengathi ngisesicupheni: kwakukhona insimbi nxazonke, ikhono lokuxhumana namanye amalungu eqembu lalinzima kakhulu. Lapho ngifika ekhaya, ngayalela izikhungo zokuklama ze-Kovalev ne-Bystritsky ukuthi zenze isilayishi esisha esizenzakalelayo sethangi le-T-62. Amaqabane asabela ngenkulu intshisekelo kulo msebenzi. Amathuba okufaka isibhamu emigqeni emibili, ngaphansi kwesitezi esijikelezayo, atholakala, okwenza ngcono ukufinyelela kumshayeli futhi kwandise ukusinda kwethangi ngesikhathi sokugoqa. Ekupheleni kuka-1965, sase siqedile ukuthuthukiswa kwalo mshini, kodwa akuzange kube nengqondo ukuwethula, ngoba ngaleso sikhathi iKomidi Elikhulu le-CPSU kanye noMkhandlu WoNgqongqoshe base-USSR base bekhiphe isimemezelo sokubeka i-CPSU. Ithangi laseKharkov lazokhiqizwa nathi ... Njengoba abakwaKharkovite bengakwazi ukuletha ithangi labo ezimweni zokukhiqiza, sinqume ngokushesha ukufaka isibhamu esingu-125-mm nesilayishi esizenzakalelayo esenzelwe isibhamu esingu-115 mm. ithangi T-62. Ngokuphathelene nobukhulu bangaphandle, zombili izibhamu zazifana. Ngokuvamile, sasibeka isikhathi yonke imisebenzi yethu ukuze ihambisane nemikhosi ethile. Lo msebenzi wawunikezelwe ekugubheni iminyaka engama-50 yeNguquko ka-Okthoba. Ngokushesha, omunye prototype ithangi T-62 ngesibhamu 125-mm senziwa. Ethangini abanolwazi "into 167" 1961 I-chassis yale moto yasebenza njengesisekelo sokudalwa kwe-undercarriage ye-T-72 tank. Kanye nehhovisi lokuklama injini le-Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant, eholwa ngu-I.Ya. I-Trashutin, ithuba lokuphoqa injini yomndeni we-V-2 ngamandla angu-780 hp yafundwa. ngenxa yokwanda. Komunye wama-prototypes (“into engu-167”), i-undercarriage yamarola ayisithupha eqinisiwe yafakwa futhi yahlolwa. Indima ye "into 167" esikhathini esizayo "amashumi ayisikhombisa nambili" ibaluleke kakhulu. Lokhu okulandelayo kufakwe kuleli thangi: injini yedizili engu-700-horsepower V-26 ene-transmission eqinisiwe, inqola entsha yangaphansi (ukusekelwa okungu-6 kanye nama-roller asekela ama-3 ebhodini) enobushelelezi okwandayo, i-generator entsha, isistimu yokulawula i-hydro-servo amayunithi okudlulisela kanye ne-anti-radiation lining. Kusukela ukwethulwa kwalezi zindlela ezintsha kwandisa isisindo semoto, ukuze igcinwe ngaphakathi kwemingcele efinyelela kumathani angu-36,5, ukuvikelwa kwezikhali kwakudingeka kube buthaka ngandlela-thile. Ubukhulu bepuleti ye-frontal hull ephansi buncishisiwe kusuka ku-100 kuya ku-80 mm, izinhlangothi - kusuka ku-80 kuya ku-70 mm, ipuleti elingemuva - kusuka ku-45 kuya ku-30 ​​mm. Eyokuqala amathangi amabili "into 167" enziwa ekwindla ka-1961. Baphumelele ngempumelelo ifekthri yokuqala egcwele futhi emva kwalokho ukuhlolwa kwensimu eKubinka. Ithangi lanconywa ukuthi lamukelwe, kodwa iPhini likaNgqongqoshe Wezokuvikela uMarshal V.I. Chuikov kanye nePhini likaSihlalo weKomidi Lombuso Lezobuchwepheshe Bezokuvikela S.N. UMakhonin umnike isilinganiso esingagculisi ngokuvamile. Ikakhulukazi, ukulahlekelwa okuyingxenye kokushintshana ngamathangi e-T-55 kanye ne-T-62 kwaphawulwa njengempendulo eyinhloko. Ku-Design Bureau ye-Nizhny Tagil, lesi sihlamba sathathwa ngokungathí sina futhi bazama ukudala imoto ngokuqhubeka okukhulu kwe-chassis. Yavela kanjena “into engu-166M”. Lo mshini wawuhlukile ku-serial T-62 ikakhulukazi ekufakweni kwenjini ye-V-36F enamandla e-HP 640. kanye nokumiswa okuthuthukisiwe. I-undercarriage yayihlanganisa ukwesekwa okuhlanu kanye namarola asekelayo amathathu ebhodini. Amarola ethrekhi ayefana nalawo asetshenziswe "entweni engu-167". Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ijubane ukunyakaza landa uma kuqhathaniswa T-62, ukuhlolwa kwabonisa ubuze yale nguqulo chassis. Inzuzo yomklamo wama-roller ayisithupha yabonakala. Akukhona "into engu-167" noma "into engu-166M" eyafika ezingeni "into engu-434" futhi ayikwazanga ukubhekwa njengenye indlela egcwele ethangini laseKharkov. Kuphela "into 167M" noma T-62B yaba enye indlela enjalo. Iphrojekthi yaleli tanki yacatshangelwa uMkhandlu Wezesayensi Nezobuchwepheshe weKomidi Lombuso Lokulwa Nempi ngoFebhuwari 26, 1964. Imoto entsha, imenyezelwe nguL.N. I-Kartsev njengesimanje sethangi le-serial, ihluke kakhulu ku-T-62. Yayinomkhumbi kanye ne-turret enezivikelo zezikhali ezihlanganisiwe zokuqagela okungaphambili, i-undercarriage "yento engu-167", isibhamu esibushelelezi esingu-125-mm D-81 esine-stabilizer "Rain", i-carousel-type automatic loader, kanye ne-B- 2 injini enamandla angu-780 hp. ene-supercharger, ama-radiators athuthukisiwe, izihlungi zomoya, amasistimu kaphethiloli namafutha, kanye namayunithi okudlulisela aqinisiwe. Nokho, umhlangano wawenqaba umsebenzi wokwakhiwa kwethangi elisha. Noma kunjalo, ekupheleni kuka-1967, inqwaba yezingxenye zethangi lempi yahlolwa futhi yahlolwa e-Uralvagonzavod. Kwelinye lamathangi we-serial T-62, i-loader ezenzakalelayo (isihloko esithi "Acorn") yafakwa futhi yahlolwa, ihambisana nesibhamu esingu-125-mm. Lo mshini uthole igama elingaphakathi kwesitshalo i-T-62Zh. Isampula lokuqala ithangi "into 172" senziwa ehlobo lika-1968, eyesibili - ngo-September. Bahluke ethangini le-T-64A endaweni yokulwa ehlelwe kabusha ngokuphelele, njengoba umshini wokulayisha we-electro-hydro-mechanical wethangi le-T-64 wathathelwa indawo yi-electromechanical automatic loader ene-pallet ejection mechanism, nokufakwa kwe-Chelyabinsk V. -45K injini. Zonke ezinye izingxenye kanye nemihlangano zidluliselwe ethangini laseKharkov, noma kunalokho, zahlala endaweni, njengoba "izinto ezingu-172" zokuqala zaguqulwa "ezingamashumi ayisithupha nane". Ekupheleni konyaka, womabili amathangi aphumelele umjikelezo ogcwele wokuhlolwa kwefekthri kanye nokugijima endaweni yokuqeqeshwa yesifunda sezempi saseTurkestan. Izici ashukumisayo amathangi zaziphakeme kakhulu: isivinini esivamile emgwaqeni omkhulu kwaba 43,4-48,7 km / h, esiphezulu safinyelela 65 km / h.  Ehlobo lika-1969, imishini yaphumelela omunye umjikelezo wokuhlola, kokubili e-Asia Ephakathi nasengxenyeni yaseYurophu yaseRussia. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, inani lamayunithi asebenze ngokungathembeki, okuhlanganisa isilayishi esizenzakalelayo, amasistimu okuhlanza umoya nokupholisa injini. Isibungu saseKharkov esigxiviziwe siphinde sasebenza ngokungathembeki. Lezi zinkinga zaqedwa kancane kumathangi amathathu asanda kukhiqizwa "into engu-172", okwathi engxenyeni yokuqala ka-1970 yahlolwa endaweni yokuhlolwa kwefektri, bese kuthi eTranscaucasus, Central Asia naseMoscow esifundeni. Ithangi elinolwazi Ethangini abanolwazi "into 172" 1968 Ukusebenza amathangi "into 172" (inani lamayunithi angu-20 ekhiqizwa) kwaqhubeka kwaze kwaba sekuqaleni kuka-February 1971. Ngalesi sikhathi, izingxenye kanye nemihlangano emikhulu eyathuthukiswa e-Nizhny Tagil yase ilethwe ezingeni eliphezulu lokwethembeka. Izilayishi ezizenzakalelayo zazinokwehluleka okukodwa kwemijikelezo yokulayisha engu-448, okungukuthi, ukwethembeka kwazo cishe kuhambisana nokusinda okumaphakathi kwesibhamu se-125-mm D-81T (imizuliswano engu-600 ene-caliber projectile kanye ne-150 ene-sub-caliber projectile). Ukuphela kwenkinga "yento engu-172" kwakuwukungathembeki kwe-chassis "ngenxa yokwehluleka okuhlelekile kwama-absorber hydraulic shock, amasondo omgwaqo, izikhonkwane namathrekhi, ama-torsion bars kanye nama-idlers." Khona-ke esikhungweni sokuklama se-UVZ, okwathi kusukela ngo-August 1969 sasiholwa ngu-V.N. I-Venediktov, kwanqunywa ukuthi kusetshenziswe "into engu-172" i-chassis evela "into engu-167" enamasondo omgwaqo ahlanganiswe nenjoloba enobubanzi obukhulayo kanye namathrekhi anamandla anehinge yensimbi evulekile, efana namathrekhi ethangi le-T-62. . Ukuthuthukiswa kwethangi elinjalo kwenziwa ngaphansi kwegama elithi "into engu-172M". Injini, ikhuphuke yaba ngu-780 hp, yathola inkomba ye-B-46. Kwasungulwa uhlelo lokuhlanza umoya lwekhasethi olunezigaba ezimbili, olufana nalolo olusetshenziswa ethangini i-T-62. Isisindo "sento engu-172M" senyuke safinyelela kumathani angu-41. Kodwa izici eziguquguqukayo zahlala zisezingeni elifanayo ngenxa yokwanda kwamandla enjini ngo-80 hp, umthamo wethangi likaphethiloli ngamalitha ayi-100 nobubanzi bethrekhi ngo-40 mm. Kusuka ethangini le-T-64A, izakhi zesakhiwo ezifakazelwe kahle ze-armored hull enezikhali ezihlanganisiwe nezihlukanisiwe kanye nokudluliselwa zigcinwe. Kusukela ngoNovemba 1970 kuya ku-Ephreli 1971, amathangi "ento engu-172M" adlula umjikelezo ogcwele wokuhlolwa kwefekthri kwathi ngoMeyi 6, 1971 ethulwa kuNgqongqoshe Wezokuvikela A.A. Grechko kanye nemboni yezokuvikela S.A. Zverev. Ekuqaleni kwehlobo, kwakhiqizwa iqoqo lokuqala lezimoto eziyi-15, okwathi, kanye ne-T-64A ne-T-80, kwadlula izinyanga eziningi zokuhlolwa ngo-1972. Ngemva kokuphela kokuhlolwa, kwavela "Umbiko wemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwezempi yamathangi angu-15 172M akhiqizwa yi-Uralvagonzavod ngo-1972". Ingxenye yayo yokuphetha yathi: "1. Amathangi aphumelele ukuhlolwa, kodwa impilo yethrekhi ye-4500-5000 km ayanele futhi ayinikezi i-tank mileage edingekayo ye-6500-7000 km ngaphandle kokushintsha amathrekhi. 2. Ithangi elingu-172M (isikhathi sewaranti - 3000 km) kanye nenjini ye-V-46 - (350 m / h) yasebenza ngokuthembekile. Phakathi nokuhlolwa okwengeziwe kufika ku-10000-11000 km, iningi lezingxenye nemihlangano, kuhlanganise nenjini ye-V-46, yasebenza ngokuthembekile, kodwa inqwaba yezingxenye ezibucayi kanye nemihlangano yabonisa izinsiza ezinganele nokuthembeka. 3. Ithangi liyanconywa ukuthi lisetshenziswe ekusetshenzisweni nasekukhiqizeni ngobuningi, kuncike ekususweni kweziphambeko ezikhonjiwe kanye nokuqinisekiswa kokusebenza kokuqedwa kwazo ngaphambi kokukhiqizwa ngobuningi. Ububanzi nesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa nokuhlolwa kumele kuvunyelwane phakathi koMnyango Wezokuvikela kanye Nomkhakha Wezokuvikela.” "Into 172M" Ithangi lokuhlola "into engu-172M" ngo-1971 Ngesinqumo seKomidi Elikhulu le-CPSU kanye noMkhandlu WoNgqongqoshe we-USSR ka-August 7, 1973, "into engu-172M" yamukelwa yiSoviet Army ngaphansi kwegama elithi T-72 "Ural". I-oda elihambisanayo likaNgqongqoshe Wezokuvikela we-USSR yakhishwa ngo-August 13, 1973. Ngawo lowo nyaka, kwakhiqizwa iqoqo lokuqala lemishini engama-30. 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