Ithangi lempi elikhulu i-M60
Ithangi lempi elikhulu i-M60
Ngo-1959, Chrysler wathola oda lokuqala ukukhiqizwa imoto entsha. Isistimu yokulawula umlilo oqondile yayifakwe uhlobo olulodwa lwe-M17s rangefinder sight, lapho kungenzeka khona ukunquma ibanga eliya kulokho okuhlosiwe ebangeni elingamamitha angama-500-4400. njengombono osizayo we-telescopic oveziwe we-M31s. Zombili izikophu zibe nokukhuliswa okungu-105x no-44x. Ngesibhamu somshini esine-cannon, kunombono wokuqondanisa we-MXNUMXs, igridi yakhona evezwe endaweni yokubuka i-periscope yomdubuli.
Umbono we-M105s, oxhunywe kuma-M44s kanye ne-M31, ngokungafani nemiklamo yakudala, wawunamanetha amabili e-ballistic, athweswe iziqu ngamamitha. Lokhu kwavumela umdubuli ukuba angadubuli eyodwa, kodwa izinhlobo ezimbili zezinhlamvu ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ithebula lokudubula ukuze kulungiswe. Ngokudubula isibhamu somshini esingu-12,7-mm, umphathi wabasebenzi wayenombono we-periscopic binocular XM34 ngokukhuliswa okuphindwe kasikhombisa kanye nenkundla yokubuka engu-10 °, okwakuhloswe futhi ukuqapha inkundla yempi nokubona okuhlosiwe. I-reticle yenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukudubula kukho kokubili okuhloswe emoyeni nasemhlabeni. Isistimu yokubona enokukhulisa okukodwa yasetshenziswa ukuqapha inkundla yempi.
Izinhlamvu zesibhamu somshini zaziyimizuliswano engu-900 engu-12,7 mm kanye nemizuliswano engu-5950 engu-7,62 mm. Igumbi lokulwa laligcina izinhlamvu zezinhlamvu ezinesokhethi ze-aluminium imizuliswano engu-63 yezinga elingu-105 mm. Ngokungeziwe kuma-projectiles abhoboza izikhali ezingaphansi anephalethi elahlekayo, izinhlamvu ze-M68 zenganono ziphinde zasebenzisa amagobolondo aneziqhumane zepulasitiki kanye nekhanda lempi eligogekayo, ukunqwabelana, ukuqhekeka okuphezulu neziqhumane. Ukulayishwa kwesibhamu kwenziwa mathupha futhi kwaqhutshwa indlela ekhethekile yokuqhumisa isibhamu. Ngo-1960, izimoto zokuqala zokukhiqiza zaphuma emgqeni wazo womhlangano. Njengoba imodeli yesimanje yethangi le-M48, i-M60, nokho, ihluke kakhulu kuyo ngokuya ngezikhali, imboni yamandla nezikhali. Uma kuqhathaniswa nethangi le-M48A2, izinguquko ezifika ku-50 zenziwa ngcono ekuklanyweni kwayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izingxenye eziningi nezincane zala mathangi ziyashintshana. Isakhiwo naso sihlale singashintshiwe. Umkhumbi kanye ne-turret ye-M60 kwabunjwa. Ezindaweni ezisengozini kakhulu, ubukhulu bezikhali banda, futhi ingxenye engaphambili ye-hull yenziwa ngama-engeli amakhulu wokuklama ukuya phezulu kunaleyo ye-M48.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukucushwa kwe-hemispherical turret kuye kwathuthukiswa ngandlela-thile, inganono engu-105-mm M68, eyafakwa ku-M60, yayinokungena kwezikhali eziphakeme, izinga lomlilo kanye nobubanzi obukhulu kakhulu bomlilo wangempela kune-90-mm M48. inganono, nokho, ukungabibikho kwezizinzisi kukhiphe ithuba lokubamba umlilo ohlosiwe ethangini ekuhambeni. Isibhamu sasine-engeli yokwehla engu -10 ° kanye ne-engeli yokuphakama engu-+20 °; i-breech yayo yayixhunywe emgqonyeni ngentambo yemboni, eyaqinisekisa ukushintshwa okusheshayo komgqomo ensimini. Phakathi kombhobho wesibhamu kwakukhona i-ejector, isibhamu sasingenayo i-muzzle brake.
Kwesokunxele isibhamu ekufakweni okuhlangene kwakukhona isibhamu somshini esingu-7,62-mm M73, kanye nesibhamu somshini we-anti-aircraft esingu-12,7 mm M85 ku-cupola yomphathi we-M19, efakwe ama-prism wokubuka anikeza ukubonakala okuhle. Indawo yamandla yayifakwe isisetshenziswa esikhipha ukushisa esinciphisa imisebe eshisayo yamagesi akhipha umoya. Injini yayivaliwe futhi ingasebenza ngaphansi kwamanzi. Naphezu kokufakwa kwezikhali ezinamandla, izikhali ezandayo, isisindo sesitshalo samandla, ukwanda kwenani likaphethiloli okuthutha, isisindo sethangi le-M60 sahlala singashintshile uma kuqhathaniswa ne-M48A2. Lokhu kufezwe ngokusetshenziswa kwama-alloys e-aluminium ekwakhiweni komshini, kanye nokususwa kweyunithi yokushaja kanye namarola asekelayo engeziwe ahloselwe ukuqinisa amathrekhi. Sekukonke, kusetshenziswe amathani angaphezu kwama-3 e-aluminium alloy ekwakhiweni, lapho kwenziwa khona izinto ezingaphansi kwenqola, amathangi kaphethiloli, indawo ejikelezayo yombhoshongo, ama-fenders, ama-casings ahlukahlukene, amabakaki nezibambo. Ukumiswa kwe-M60 kufana nokumiswa kwe-M48A2, nokho, ezinye izinguquko zenziwe ekwakhiweni kwayo. Umshayeli wayene-periscope ye-infrared, eyayikhanyiswa izibani zangaphambili ezibekwe eshidini elingaphambili lomkhumbi. I-XM32 infrared periscope sight yesibhamu yafakwa esikhundleni sokubonwa kosuku lwe-M31. Ebusuku, isidumbu somkhuzi we-periscope sight yasemini sathathelwa indawo umzimba onombono we-infrared we-XM36 wokukhuliswa izikhathi eziyisishiyagalombili. Isibani sokusesha esinelambu le-xenon sasetshenziselwa ukukhanyisa okuhlosiwe.
Isibani sokusesha sasifakwe kumaskhi wezinganono kubakaki abakhethekile, wonke amathangi e-M60 afakwe ngawo, futhi angena ebhokisini elingaphandle kwe-turret. Njengoba isibani sokusesha sasifakwe ngokuhambisana nenganono, ukuqondiswa kwayo kwenziwa kanyekanye nokuqondiswa kwenganono. Ngokokuqala ngqá ezenzweni zaseMelika zeminyaka yangemva kwempi, ku-M60 kwafakwa injini yedizili eyi-12-cylinder V emise okwe-turbocharged eyi-AUOZ-1790-2 epholile umoya. Abakaki bebhalansi be-track roller kanye nezitobhi zokuhamba zebhalansi zazishiselwe emzimbeni. Ama-shock absorbers awazange afakwe ku-M60, amasondo omgwaqo adlulele anezitobhi zokuhamba zasentwasahlobo zamabhalansi. Ukumiswa kusetshenziswe ama-torsion shafts aqinile kunamathangi e-M48. Ububanzi bethrekhi eyenziwe ngenjoloba enehinji yerabha-yensimbi babungu-710 mm. Njengemishini ejwayelekile, i-M60 ifakwe uhlelo oluzenzakalelayo lwemishini yokucisha umlilo, izifudumezi zomoya kanye nesihlungi se-E37P1 kanye neyunithi yokungenisa umoya eyenzelwe ukuvikela abasebenzi othulini olukhipha imisebe, izinto ezinobuthi kanye namagciwane e-bacteriological.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abasebenzi baleli thangi babenazo izigqoko ezikhethekile, ezenziwe ngendwangu yenjoloba futhi zimboze indawo engaphezulu yobuso bemaski, kanye nekhanda, intamo namahlombe, ukuvimbela ukuthintana ngqo nezinto ezinobuthi. . Lo mbhoshongo wawunemitha ye-X-ray eyenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukunquma izinga lemisebe emotweni nasezindaweni ezizungezile. Kusuka emishinini yezokuxhumana, kuM60 kwafakwa esinye seziteshi zomsakazo ezijwayelekile ze-AM/OPC-3 (4, 5, 6, 7 noma 8) ku-M32, esihlinzeka ukuxhumana ngebanga lama-40-1 km, kanye I-AMA / 4A-60 intercom kanye nesiteshi somsakazo sokuxhumana nezindiza. Kube nocingo ngemuva emotweni ukuze kuxhunywe amaphoyisa ahamba ngezinyawo nabasebenzi. Ku-MXNUMX, imishini yokuzulazula yathuthukiswa futhi yahlolwa, eyayihlanganisa i-gyrocompass, amadivaysi e-computing, inzwa yethrekhi kanye ne-terrain tilt corrector. Ngo-1961, kwasungulwa okokusebenza ukuze i-M60 inqobe amafoloko afinyelela ku-4,4 m ukujula. Ukuba khona kwesistimu yezintambo nabakaki abahlukanisekayo kwavumela izisebenzi ukuba zilahle izinto ezifakiwe ngaphandle kokuphuma emotweni. Kusukela ekupheleni kuka-30, i-M1962 yathathelwa indawo ukuguqulwa kwayo i-M60A60, eyayinezithuthukisi eziningi, phakathi kwazo okubaluleke kakhulu okufanele kuqashelwe: ukufakwa kwe-turret entsha enokucushwa okuthuthukisiwe kanye nezikhali ezithuthukisiwe, kanye ne-gyroscopic. uhlelo lokuqiniswa kwesibhamu endizeni eqondile kanye ne-turret endizeni evundlile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimo zokusebenza zomshayeli zathuthukiswa; izindlela zokuphatha ezithuthukisiwe; isondo lokuqondisa lifakwe i-T-bar; indawo yezinye izilawuli namathuluzi ishintshiwe; idrayivu entsha ye-hydraulic yamabhuleki okuhambisa amandla isifakiwe. Isamba esiphelele semoto esibhukhiwe singama-m1 angama-20, lapho i-3 m5 ihlala umbhoshongo one-aft niche ethuthukisiwe. Emuva - Phambili >> |
Ngawo-50, i-M48 ephakathi kwakuyithangi elijwayelekile lebutho laseMelika. I-T95 entsha yayisenqubweni yokuthuthukiswa, kodwa, naphezu kokuqanjwa okuningi kwezobuchwepheshe, ayizange ingene ekukhiqizeni ngobuningi. Ubuholi bezempi base-United States of America bakhetha ukulandela indlela yokuthuthukisa i-M48 ekhona, benaka ngokukhethekile izikhali nesikhungo samandla. Ngo-1957, njengokuhlola, injini entsha yafakwa ku-serial M48, ngonyaka olandelayo kwavela ezinye izibonelo ezintathu. Ekupheleni kuka-1958, kwanqunywa ukuhlomisa imoto ngesibhamu se-L105 saseBrithani esingu-7 mm, esakhiqizwa e-United States ngaphansi kwelayisense futhi sahlanganiswa njenge-M68.
