ORP Krakowiak

Isithombe sikaPekne saseKrakowiak phakathi nempi.

Ngomhla zingama-20 kuMbasa, 1941, iButho Lezempi LasePoland laqasha umbhubhisi wokuqala waseBrithani u-Hunt II, owayefaneleka kahle ukusebenzisana nemikhumbi emikhulu, eklanyelwe ukumboza amaqoqo asogwini ngasogwini lwaseNgilandi.

Ngokuvumelana nesivumelwano sasolwandle sokubambisana kwePoland-British kaNovemba 18, 1939 kanye nephrothokholi eyimfihlo eyengeziwe kaDisemba 3, 1940, yonke imikhumbi yePolish Navy (PMW) eGreat Britain - ababhubhisi iBłyskawica i Burza, umkhumbi-ngwenya Wilk kanye nabazingeli bezikhali. I-C -1 kanye ne-C-2, yayisebenza ngaphansi kwe-British Admiralty. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imikhumbi yokuqala eqashiselwe imikhumbi ye-Allied ngaphansi kwefulegi lasePoland (ababhubhisi i-Garland, i-Piorun ne-Hurricane kanye ne-speeder artillery S-3) kwakuyisinqumo esihle kwabaseBrithani. I-Admiralty yezwa ukushoda kwezisebenzi zayo eziqeqeshiwe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iRoyal Navy Command (KMW) eLondon yayinenqwaba yezikhulu namatilosi ayelindele isabelo semikhumbi yempi.

Umzingeli wokuqala ngaphansi kwefulegi lasePoland

Ukwakhiwa kombhubhisi ophelezelwa u-HMS Silverton, kusukela ngomhla ka-5 Disemba 1939, kwajutshwa ku-John Samuel White & Company e-Cowes, e-Isle of Wight, endaweni efanayo yemikhumbi eyayakha i-Groma ne-Błyskawica. Ngo-December 4, 1940, kwaqalwa ukufakwa. Umsebenzi wemishini waqhubeka phakathi nezinyanga ezalandela. Ngomhla zingama-20 kuNhlaba, 1941, umphelezeli wangaphambili waseBrithani wathola igama elisemthethweni elithi ORP Krakowiak kanye nophawu lwamaqhinga u-L 115 (olubonakala nhlangothi zombili nasendleleni). NgoMeyi 22, umcimbi wokuphakamisa ifulegi elimhlophe nelibomvu wenziwa emkhunjini, futhi uhulumeni wasePoland eLondon waqala ukukhokhela zonke izindleko ezihambisana nokugcinwa kwawo, ukwenziwa kwesimanjemanje, ukulungiswa, ukuguqulwa kwemishini, njll. Lo mkhosi wawunesizotha. Phakathi kwezihambeli ezimenyiwe bekukhona: Vadm. UJerzy Svirsky, inhloko ye-KMW, abamele i-Admiralty kanye nezindawo zemikhumbi. Umkhuzi wokuqala womkhumbi wayengumkhuzi wama-lieutenant oneminyaka engu-34 ubudala. Tadeusz Gorazdovsky.

NgoJuni 10, u-Krakowiak wandiza esuka e-Plymouth waya e-Scapa Flow ukuze aqeqeshwe kanzima. Umgomo oyinhloko wokuqeqeshwa okwathatha amasonto wonke kwakuwukugunyazwa komkhumbi osanda kuqedwa.

kanye neRoyal Navy. Ukuzivocavoca kwaqhubeka kwaze kwaba nguJulayi 10. U-Admiral wangemuva u-Louis Henry Keppel Hamilton, umkhuzi wababhubhisi be-Home Fleet (obhekele ukuvikela indawo yamanzi yase-United Kingdom), akazange afihle ukuthi wayebahlonipha abasebenzi baseKrakowiak, ababesebenza. NgoJulayi 17, 1941, umkhumbi wawufakwe ku-flotilla ye-15 yokubhubhisa.

Ithimba labaphelekezeli basePoland babhapathizwa ngomlilo ngesikhathi bephelezela umkhumbi wasogwini i-PW 27 besuka esiqhingini esincane saseLundy, esitholakala cishe ngamamayela angu-15 entshonalanga yogu lwaseNgilandi, emanzini e-Bristol Channel. Ngobusuku buka-31 Agasti kuya ku-1 Septemba 1941, i-convoy yemikhumbi yezokuthutha engu-9, ephelezelwa i-Krakowiak kanye nama-trawlers amathathu ahlomile aseBrithani, yahlaselwa yindiza yasolwandle yaseJalimane i-Heinkel He 115. Kwamenyezelwa i-alamu emikhunjini. Uchungechunge lwama-tracers olusuka ku-21 mm Lewis machine gun lulandelwe ngendlela ekhonjiswe ngumuntu obukele. Cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-artillery ajoyina umlilo, ekhonza "ama-pom-pom" anemigqomo emine, okungukuthi, izibhamu zokulwa nezindiza. 00 mm izinga kanye nazo zontathu izingcezu zezikhali ezingama-7,7 mm. Naphezu komlilo ovuthayo ovela ohlangothini lwabakhaphi, akuzange kwenzeke ukwehlisa imoto.

NgoSepthemba 11, 1941, ngomyalo wesikhulu se-KMW, u-Krakowiak wajoyina i-2nd Destroyer Squadron (yasePoland), eyayizinze e-Plymouth, futhi waqala ukuphelezela njalo ama-convoy ogwini oluseningizimu nolusentshonalanga ye-Great Britain.

Ngobusuku bangomhla zingama-21 kuMfumfu, abakwaKrakowiak, ababemise ihange e-Falmouth, kanye nodadewabo uKuyawiak (uCaptain Mar. Ludwik Likhodzeevsky), ababeyingxenye yabaphelezeli abasuka eFalmouth baya eMilford Haven (Wales), bayalwe ukuba babambe iqhaza umkhumbi-ngwenya ongaziwa, okuthi, ngokwemibiko etholwe ku-Admiralty, wawutholakala cishe endaweni enezixhumanisi ezingama-49 ° 52′ s. sh., 12° 02′ W e) Ababhubhisi bafika endaweni ekhonjiwe ngo-Okthoba 22 ngo-14:45. Ukuma komkhumbi-ngwenya akukasungulwa.

Ngemva kwamahora, uGorazdowski wayalwa ukuba athole futhi athathe umsebenzi wokuvikela uhide lwemikhumbi yase-Atlantic, i-SL 89, eyayisuka eFreetown, eSierra Leone ilibangise eLiverpool ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. Ngo-23:07 ngo-Okthoba 00, kwaba nomhlangano nababhubhisi ababili baseBrithani ababhubhisa u-Witch noVanguisher. Ngo-12:00 imikhumbi ithole izinto zokuhamba ezingu-21 kanye nesembozo esinesizotha, futhi ngemiyalo ye-Western Approach Command (Indawo Yokusebenza YaseNtshonalanga, indlunkulu e-Liverpool)

sahamba nabo ngasogwini olusentshonalanga ye-Ireland. Ngo-October 24, lapho bobabili ababhubhisi basePoland beku-52°53,8° N, 13°14′ W, ngaphandle kwendawo esongelwa ukuhlasela komhlambi kwemikhumbi-ngwenya.

futhi ibutho lomoya layalelwa ukuba libuye - uKujawiak waya ePlymouth naseKrakowiak eMilford Haven. Ngomhla zingama-26 kuMfumfu, uhide lwemikhumbi i-SL 89 lwafika endaweni yalo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa.